Untitled Quiz

A crucial extracellular buffer in blood, maintaining blood pH within a regulated range.

An intracellular buffer system, playing a key role in regulating pH within cells.

An important buffer system in both intracellular and urine, maintaining pH balance and involved in kidney function.

Measure of hydrogen ion concentration in the blood

Short-term body response to blood pH changes via breathing adjustments

Longer-term pH regulation of blood by the kidneys; involved in the excretion and recovery of hydrogen ions and bicarbonate.

Decreased breathing rate, leading to a buildup of CO2 in the blood, decreasing pH.

Increased breathing rate, leads to loss of CO2 from the blood, increasing pH

Process in blood that helps maintain pH balance by resisting changes in pH when acids or bases are added.

A critical range of pH, that living organisms must maintain to survive.

A chemical reaction between an acid and a base, forming a conjugate acid-base pair.

Two molecules that differ by one proton (H+).

Measure of acidity, related to the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+).

The regulation of the concentration of H+ in the body; crucial for cell function.

Acidic substances easily removed as a gas, mostly CO2.

Acidic substances not easily removed as a gas. Often byproducts of metabolism.

A thermodynamically unstable system requiring constant energy input for function; a system of selective membranes.

A positively charged particle, the nucleus of a hydrogen atom.

Partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the blood; measures the tendency of CO2 to leave the system.

Movement of carbon dioxide from tissues to the lungs.

Bicarbonate ion; a major component in blood pH regulation.

Maintaining proper blood pH levels through the balance of acids and bases.

Chemical reaction showing the reversible conversion of carbon dioxide, water, carbonic acid, hydrogen ions, and bicarbonate.

Measure of hydrogen ion concentration in the blood, maintaining a balance.

Concentration of Free CO2 in body fluids

The crucial equilibrium of acidity and alkalinity in the human body.

An equation that relates blood pH to bicarbonate concentration and partial pressure of carbon dioxide.

Measure of hydrogen ion concentration in blood; crucial for homeostasis. Normal range is 7.35-7.45.

pH value at which a component is half-dissociated in a solution.

Key buffer in blood, regulating pH by reacting with acids or bases.

Partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood.

Changes in blood pH; acidosis (low pH) or alkalosis (high pH).

PCO2 directly impacts blood pH via equation.

Brain stem (respiratory center) stimulates lungs to regulate blood PCO2 to maintain pH.

The process of CO2 moving from tissues to the lungs for removal from the body. Three major ways CO2 is transported in blood.

A zinc-dependent metalloenzyme that catalyzes the reversible hydration of CO2 into bicarbonate and H+ in red blood cells and tissues.

CO2 is transported in the blood in three forms: dissolved CO2, carbaminohemoglobin, and bicarbonate.

A critical buffer system in the blood that maintains appropriate pH by regulating CO2, H2CO3, and HCO3- levels to resist changes in pH caused by acids or bases.

Maintaining blood pH in a narrow range through the interaction of carbonic acid and bicarbonate ions.

CO2 from tissues diffuses into the alveoli, and then out of the body.

Different forms of carbonic anhydrase with diverse properties and functions, including 16 isoforms in humans (CA I-XIV).

Carbonic anhydrase plays a role in many cellular processes.

A condition where the body's pH is low, and the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) is high, due to insufficient respiration.

A condition where the body's pH is high, and the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) is low, due to excessive breathing.

A condition where the body's pH is low, and the bicarbonate (HCO3) level is low. Often due to excess acid production.

A condition where the body's pH is high, and the bicarbonate (HCO3) level is high. Often due to excessive loss of acids.

A condition representing the combination of acidosis types (metabolism, respiration), resulting in decreased blood pH.

A combination of alkalosis types (metabolism, respiration), resulting in increased blood pH.

A measure of acidity or alkalinity in the body fluids; an important biological parameter.

The kidneys' response to acid-base imbalances, by adjusting the excretion of hydrogen ions and bicarbonate.