Executive Order 8802 and A. Philip Randolph: Double V Campaign Impact Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What did Executive Order 8802, passed by FDR, aim to prevent in defense industries and federal jobs?

Discrimination based on political affiliation and beliefs

Discrimination based on social class and education

Discrimination based on gender and age

Discrimination based on race, color, creed, and national origin (correct)

Which campaign sought victory against fascism in Europe and racism at home?

Victory Now Campaign

Double V Campaign (correct)

Single R Campaign

Triple W Campaign

What did the Fair Employment Practices Commission (FEPC) regulate?

Interstate transmission of electricity, natural gas, and oil (correct)

Interstate banking transactions

Interstate transportation of goods

Interstate communication networks

Who challenged Executive Order 9066 that led to the court ruling it as a military necessity?

Fred Korematsu Signup and view all the answers

What agreement allowed millions of Mexicans to work in the US in agriculture and labor during the War?

Bracero Program Signup and view all the answers

Which event led to Mexicans being attacked by whites for wearing 'zoot suits'?

Zoot Suit Riots Signup and view all the answers

Which event marked the division between Eastern and Western Europe, leading to the beginning of the Cold War era?

Iron Curtain speech Signup and view all the answers

What was the top-secret plan that developed the first atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki?

Manhattan Project Signup and view all the answers

Which major event led to the reorganization of Europe to defeat Nazi Germany?

Division of Germany Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the United Nations replacing the League of Nations?

To provide a platform for countries to send representatives Signup and view all the answers

Which conference involved three major allies: US-FDR, UK-Churchill, and Soviet Union-Stalin?

Yalta and Potsdam Conference Signup and view all the answers

What did the Containment policy of the US aim to control?

Soviet Union's communism influence Signup and view all the answers

What was the main aim of President Harry Truman's Fair Deal policies?

To address social and economic issues Signup and view all the answers

During the Red Scare, what was the primary focus of suspicion and investigations?

Communists and communist sympathizers Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Loyalty Security Program in the 1940s?

To screen federal employees for loyalty and identify security risks Signup and view all the answers

What was the focus of the HUAC investigations during the Cold War era?

Alleged subversive activities and communist influences Signup and view all the answers

Who were the Hollywood Ten and what happened to them?

Film industry professionals blacklisted for contempt of Congress after refusing to cooperate with HUAC Signup and view all the answers

What effect did the Fair Deal have on social welfare programs and civil rights initiatives?

Expanded social welfare programs and civil rights initiatives Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of McCarthyism in the early 1950s?

Accusations of communist sympathies Signup and view all the answers

What were the main consequences of McCarthyism?

Public fear, political polarization, and damage to civil liberties Signup and view all the answers

What were Ethel and Julius Rosenberg accused of that led to their execution in 1953?

Passing atomic secrets to the Soviet Union Signup and view all the answers

Which U.S. President was known for his emphasis on national security during the Cold War?

Dwight D. Eisenhower Signup and view all the answers

What major international financial institutions were established during the Bretton Woods Conference?

International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the World Bank?

To provide loans and financial assistance to developing countries for infrastructure projects Signup and view all the answers

What benefits did the GI Bill provide to veterans returning from World War II?

Education, housing, and loans Signup and view all the answers

Who is known for their innovative mass production techniques in building affordable suburban housing?

William Levitt Signup and view all the answers

Which government agency is responsible for providing healthcare, benefits, and services to veterans and their families?

VA Signup and view all the answers

What contributed to the growth and development of suburbs after World War II?

Automobile ownership Signup and view all the answers

Which court case symbolizes efforts for fair housing practices in the United States?

Shelley v. Kramer Signup and view all the answers

What did the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) contribute to in terms of housing developments?

Promoting homeownership by providing mortgage insurance Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

A. Philip Randolph and the Fair Employment Practices Commission

A. Philip Randolph, a Black labor leader, called for a march on Washington, D.C. to protest discrimination in the defense industry and federal jobs.
This led to the passage of Executive Order 8802 by FDR, which prohibited discrimination in defense industries and federal jobs based on race, color, creed, or national origin.
The Fair Employment Practices Commission (FEPC) was established to regulate and enforce fair employment practices in industries and jobs related to national defense.

The Double V Campaign

The Double V Campaign was launched by African Americans, with white supporters, to fight for victory against fascism in Europe and racism at home.

Gunnar Myrdal and "The American Dilemma"

Gunnar Myrdal wrote "The American Dilemma," a book that highlighted the contradictions between American values and policies, particularly regarding racial discrimination.

Zoot Suit Riots and the Bracero Program

The Zoot Suit Riots occurred when white Americans attacked Mexican Americans who wore "zoot suits," a symbol of cultural identity.
The Bracero Program was an agreement between the US and Mexico that allowed millions of Mexican laborers to work in the US, primarily in agriculture, during World War II.

Executive Order 9066 and Japanese Internment

Executive Order 9066, signed by FDR, allowed for the forced relocation of Japanese Americans from the West Coast to internment camps during World War II.
The Supreme Court upheld the internment, citing military necessity over individual rights.

Korematsu v. U.S.

Fred Korematsu, a Japanese American, challenged Executive Order 9066, arguing it violated his constitutional rights.
The Supreme Court ruled against Korematsu, siding with the government's claim of military necessity.

World War II and the Holocaust

D-Day marked the Allied invasion of Nazi-occupied France in 1944.
The Holocaust, also known as the Final Solution, was the Nazi plan to exterminate European Jews.
The Manhattan Project was a top-secret US project that developed the first atomic bombs, dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

Post-War International Relations

The Yalta and Potsdam Conferences were held between the US, UK, and Soviet Union to discuss post-war reorganization and the division of Germany into four zones.
The United Nations was established to replace the League of Nations, with five permanent members: the US, UK, France, China, and the Soviet Union.
The Iron Curtain speech by Winston Churchill marked the beginning of the Cold War era.

Containment Policy and the Cold War

The US adopted a containment policy towards the Soviet Union, aiming to prevent the spread of communism.
The Fair Deal, proposed by President Harry Truman, aimed to address social and economic issues in the US, leading to the expansion of social welfare programs, civil rights initiatives, and economic reforms.
The Red Scare, Loyalty Security Program, and HUAC investigations marked a period of anti-communist hysteria and fear in the US.

The Hollywood Ten and McCarthyism

The Hollywood Ten consisted of film industry professionals who refused to cooperate with HUAC's investigations into communist influences in Hollywood.
McCarthyism, led by Senator Joseph McCarthy, was characterized by accusations, investigations, and unfounded allegations of communist sympathies.

Eisenhower and the Bretton Woods System

Dwight D. Eisenhower was the 34th President of the US, focusing on national security and economic stability.
The Bretton Woods System established international economic agreements, including the creation of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank.

Post-War Suburbanization and the GI Bill

The GI Bill provided education, housing, and loan benefits to veterans, contributing to post-war economic growth and social mobility.
Suburbanization was driven by factors like economic prosperity, automobile ownership, government policies, and social preferences for suburban lifestyles.
William Levitt developed innovative mass production techniques for suburban housing, particularly in Levittown, New York.

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Test your knowledge on the influential Black labor leader A. Philip Randolph, his role in calling for a march at the White House, and the impact of FDR passing Executive Order 8802 under pressure, which prohibited discrimination in defense industries and federal jobs based on race. Explore related topics like the Double V Campaign and the Fair Employment Practices Commission (FEPC).

A. Philip Randolph and Executive Order 8802 Quiz

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