39 Questions
Match
Cow = Female that has had one or more calves Bull = Intact, sexually mature male Calf = Newborn of either sex Calve = Verb, to give birth
Calf = Intact male that has not reached sexual maturity Heifer = Female that has not had a calf Steer = Neutered male of any age Polled = Born without horns
What is the average weaning weight of the cow/calf
400-500lb
Shrink = Weight loss associated with stress, transportation and weaning Freshen = Verb, to give birth (dairy cow) Pasteurize = Flash heating to kill bacteria Homogenize = Blending technique used to prevent cream from separating from milk
Preconditioning involves a vaccination, nutrition and management program designed to prepare young cattle to withstand the stress of weaning and shipment
True
What is the average birth weight of the cow/calf
75-80lb
Which of the following helps to determine weaning weight?
All of the above
Weaned cattle that are turned out on pasture/corn stalks, have an average daily gain of 2lb, and are moved to the feedlot at 800-900lb
Stocker cattle
Cattle that are purchased at 800-900lb, have restricted exercise and are fed concentrates for 90-120 days and have an average daily gain of 3lb
Feeder cattle
Kosher processing refers to
Religious ritual slaughter
The captive bolt renders the animal unconscious
True
Cuts of meat
Chuck = Pot roast Short loin = T-bone steak, Porterhouse steak, Filet Mignon Sirloin = NY strip steak Round = Boneless beef roast
Beef grading, Quality is based on marbling, firmness and color
1 = Prime 2 = Choice 3 = Select 4 = Standard
Maturity (age of animal at slaughter, not duration of storage)
A = 9-30 months B = 30-42 months C = 42-72 months D = 72-96 months
E grading means that the animal was slaughtered at what age?
>96 months
What is the lactation period for a dairy cow?
Both B and C
Dairy cows have a dry period, how long is it
60 days
How long is the calving interval of the dairy cow
12 months
For dairy cows, when does milk production peak?
4-6 weeks after freshening
How often should cows be milked
2x daily
Replacement heifers, what percentage of the herd is replaced each year?
30-40%
Dairy steers are fed out as "beef" cattle and their end market are fast food restaurants
True
Beef cows can produce veal calves
False
Veal cows are a dairy product
True
Match the beef cow breed (bos taurus) to its corresponding characteristic
Angus = Polled, black coat, black skin Hereford = Red coat with white face and lower legs Charolais = White to cream colored coat, horns curve forward Simmental = Red color, white face and points, red circling eyes
Match the beef cow breed (bos taurus) to its corresponding characteristic
Angus = Polled, black coat, black skin Texas longhorn = Light muscling and frame, any coat color, characteristic horns Simmental = Red color, white face and points, red circling eyes Charolais = White to cream colored coat, horns curve forward
The Charolais is a bos taurus breed that evolved from feral Spanish cattle independent of genetic manipulation by people
False
The Texas Longhorn is a bos taurus breed that evolved from feral Spanish cattle independent of genetic manipulation by people
True
Match the beef cow breed (bos taurus) to its corresponding assets
Angus = No dehorning, no cancer eye, no sunburned udders, rapidly maturing, mild demeanor Hereford = Rapid growth, feed efficiency (5:1 ratio), rapidly maturing, mild demeanor Charolais = Large frame (ease of calving), rugged build, hardy and adaptable Simmental = Large frame (ease of calving), highest milk production of beef breeds
Match the beef cow breed (bos taurus) to its corresponding assets
Simmental = Large frame (ease of calving), highest milk production of beef breeds Texas longhorn = Ability to efficiently convert poor quality forage into energy, resistance to disease and parasites, soundness, longevity, fertility Hereford = Rapid growth, feed efficiency (5:1 ratio), rapidly maturing, mild demeanor Angus = No dehorning, no cancer eye, no sunburned udders, rapidly maturing, mild demeanor
Match the beef cow breed (bos taurus) to its corresponding liability
Angus = Below average milk production Hereford = Lack of pigmentation on face, below average milk production, less hardy and adaptable Charolais = Requires more energy for maintenance, late maturing (decreased carcass value), contentious demeanor Simmental = Increased energy requirements, late maturing
Match the beef cow breed (bos taurus) to its corresponding liability
Texas longhorn = Poor muscling, small frame (decreased carcass value) Simmental = Increased energy requirements, late maturing Hereford = Lack of pigmentation on face, below average milk production, less hardy and adaptable Angus = Below average milk production
Match the breed to the corresponding characteristic
Zebu/Brahman (bos indicus) = Light to medium grey, black skin, loose skin folds, prominent hump and dewlap Santa Gertrudis (bos taurus x bos inducus) = Deep cherry red color Angus (bos taurus) = Polled, black coat, black skin Hereford (bos taurus) = Red coat with white face and lower legs
Match the beef cow breed to its corresponding assets
Zebu/Brahman (bos indicus) = Resistance to heat and parasites especially tick borne diseases Santa Gertrudis (bos taurus x bos indicus) = High milk production, resistance to heat and tick borne diseases
- = -
- = -
A liability associated with the Santa Gertrudis beef cow breed is
Increased energy requirements
Match the dairy cow breed (bos taurus) to its corresponding characteristic
Holstein = Black and white coat (the "getaway computer cow") Guernsey = Predominantly red with white underpinnings Jersey = Mouse colored to almost black, black tongue and switch Brown swiss = Brown, no white markings
Match the dairy cow breed (bos taurus) to its corresponding characteristic
Shorthorn = red/red and white/red roan, horns curve forward Jersey = mouse colored to almost black, black tongue and switch Holstein = Black and white coat (the "getaway computer cow") Guernsey = Predominantly red with white underpinnings
Which of the following is the most common breed of dairy cattle?
Holstein
Match the dairy cow breed (bos taurus) to its corresponding comment
Guernsey = High butterfat/high protein/high betacarotene content- milk often appears yellow in color; higher feed efficiency than other dairy cattle and shorter calving interval Jersey = Produce more milk per lb of body weight than any other dairy breed- annual production often exceeds 13x's the cows body weight Brown swiss = Milk used predominantly in cheese production due to high protein content Shorthorn = More muscling than other dairy breeds (high carcass value); dual purpose breed
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