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Questions and Answers

Identify what the finding in this image is

  • Atrial septal defect ASD (correct)
  • Ventricular septal defect VSD
  • AVSD

identify the findings in these images in order a. muscular defect b. large VSD c. Perimembranous

  • b c a (correct)
  • a b c
  • c b a
  • c a b

Which transducer should be used for scrotal ultrasound?

  • 7.5 to 14 MHz linear array transducer (correct)
  • 14 to 20 MHz linear array transducer
  • 3 to 7 MHz linear array transducer
  • 20 to 30 MHz linear array transducer

In what position should the patient be scanned during scrotal ultrasound?

<p>Supine position (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should the scrotum be scanned?

<p>In sagittal and transverse planes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done for very superficial masses or skin lesions during scrotal ultrasound?

<p>Use a standoff pad (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for the patient to direct the scan to the mass during scrotal ultrasound?

<p>To ensure accurate identification of the mass (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What separates the scrotum into two hemiscrota?

<p>A thin septum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential space formed by the two layers of the tunica vaginalis called?

<p>Cavum vaginale (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure connects the head of the epididymis to the cranial end of the testis?

<p>Sinus of the epididymis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During fetal development, what is the communication between the cavum vaginale and the peritoneal cavity called?

<p>Processus vaginalis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the processus vaginalis after birth?

<p>It becomes a fibrous cord (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can happen if the processus vaginalis does not obliterate after birth?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the epididymis usually located in relation to the testicle?

<p>Posterior (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the epididymis is sonographically well defined?

<p>Head (globus major) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the best approach to visualize the epididymis?

<p>Longitudinal then transverse scan (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which artery can cause refractive shadowing that may be mistaken for an intratesticular lesion?

<p>Transtesticular artery (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the cremasteric muscle?

<p>To regulate temperature (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which artery has a higher resistance waveform than the testicular artery?

<p>Deferential artery (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal ultrasound appearance of the testis?

<p>Measure about 4x2.5x2.5 cm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mediastinum testis?

<p>A normal structure in the testicle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential space that exists between the visceral and parietal layers of the tunica vaginalis?

<p>Tunica vaginalis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which category of scrotal pathology is more likely to be malignant?

<p>Intra-testicular (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by the accumulation of blood in the cavity of the tunica vaginalis?

<p>Hematocele (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by the presence of pus in the cavity of the tunica vaginalis?

<p>Pyocele (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of hematocele?

<p>Trauma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of pyocele?

<p>Infection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition typically has a more complicated appearance than a simple hydrocele?

<p>Hematocele (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the key aspects of scanning a patient with a hydrocele?

<p>Palpating the testis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why can a hydrocele prevent the clinician from palpating the testis?

<p>It obstructs the view (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition can cause a pyocele?

<p>Epididymitis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is relied upon to determine whether the testes are normal or not in the case of a hydrocele?

<p>The radiologist (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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