16 Questions
What is the function of oncogenes in cancer cells?
Speed up the cancer process
What type of mutation can turn a proto-oncogene into an oncogene?
Point mutation
What is the effect of a dominant activating mutation in a proto-oncogene?
Gain of function
What is the role of tumor suppressor genes?
Repress expression of genes essential for continuation of cell cycle
What is the consequence of a recessive amorphic mutation in a tumor suppressor gene?
Loss of function
What is the activity of the TP53 gene?
Growth arrest, apoptosis, DNA repair
What is the most common non-skin malignancy in women?
Breast Cancer
Do men get breast cancer?
Yes, but it is rare
What is the defining characteristic of a neoplasm?
It is an abnormal mass of tissue unresponsive to normal growth controls
What distinguishes a benign tumor from a malignant tumor?
Malignant tumors have acquired ability to metastasize
What is the role of P53 in the cell cycle?
P53 stops the cell cycle if DNA has been damaged
What are the categories of proteins with inactivating mutations commonly found in human tumors?
Growth factors, growth factor receptors, and signal transduction proteins
What is a neoplasm?
An uncontrolled growth of tumor that can metastasize
What is the defining characteristic of a malignant tumor?
Acquired ability to metastasize
What is the role of proteins like P53 in cancer development?
Prevent progression through the G1 stage of the cell cycle
What is the relationship between cancer and the cell cycle?
Most cancers have inactivating mutations in proteins that restrict progression through the G1 stage of the cell cycle
Test your understanding of cancer-related terminology including neoplasm, benign, malignant, and somatic mutation. Explore the characteristics of neoplastic cells and their growth patterns.
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