EQUINE Iatrogenic emergencies TO DO

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Which of the following is a possible complication of nasogastric intubation?

Diabetes mellitus

Hypertension

Inhalational pneumonia (correct)

Asthma

What does the term 'iatrogenic' mean?

Relating to illness caused by medical examination or treatment (correct)

Relating to illness caused by genetic factors

Relating to illness caused by lifestyle choices

Relating to illness caused by environmental factors

Which of the following is a common complication of nasogastric intubation?

Oesophageal perforation

Haemorrhage (correct)

Inhalational pneumonia

None of the above

Which of the following is NOT a key tip for nasogastric intubation?

Forcing the tube if it gets stuck Signup and view all the answers

What should be done before administering fluids through a nasogastric tube?

Ensure the tube is placed in the oesophagus / stomach Signup and view all the answers

Where should the nasogastric tube be passed along?

Ventral meatus Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the recommended action if a horse experiences haemorrhage from the nasal passages?

Leave the horse quietly for 5 to 10 minutes Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if the haemorrhage continues after 5 to 10 minutes?

Perform endoscopy Signup and view all the answers

How common is it for the haemorrhage to continue after 5 to 10 minutes?

Uncommon Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common sign of oesophageal perforation?

Blood on nasogastric tube Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended assessment for oesophageal perforation?

Endoscopic assessment and radiography Signup and view all the answers

What is the prognosis for full-thickness oesophageal perforations?

Poor prognosis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential complication of nasogastric intubation?

Oesophageal perforation Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended action if a horse experiences haemorrhage from the nasal passages during nasogastric intubation?

Remove the nasogastric tube and assess the situation Signup and view all the answers

What can result from the inadvertent passage of a nasogastric tube into the trachea?

Pulmonary oedema Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for rectal tears during a rectal examination?

Colics Signup and view all the answers

What is the increased risk factor for rectal tears during a rectal examination?

Using an ultrasound probe Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a potential complication of rectal examination?

Rectal prolapse Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a key tip for performing a rectal examination?

Push against the rectum if the horse strains Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of administering butylscopolamine during a rectal examination?

To facilitate the examination Signup and view all the answers

When performing a rectal examination, what is the recommended action if the horse strains?

Never push against the rectum Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the initial action to take when a horse presents with rectal tears and blood on the rectal sleeve?

Inform the owner Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of administering butylscopolamine during a rectal examination for a horse with rectal tears?

To reduce muscle spasms Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended procedure to determine the location and grade of rectal tears in a horse?

Perform a proctoscopy Signup and view all the answers

Which classification of rectal tears involves a tear into the mesocolon?

Grade 3b Signup and view all the answers

Which classification of rectal tears only involves the muscularis layer?

Grade 2 Signup and view all the answers

Which classification of rectal tears involves all layers of the rectal wall?

Grade 4 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the recommended treatment for a grade 2 rectal tear in a horse?

Medical management Signup and view all the answers

What factors determine the further assessment and treatment of rectal tears in horses?

Grade, location, and owner economics Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a potential management option for grade 3 and 4 rectal tears in horses?

No treatment necessary Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a recommended treatment for rectal tears in horses?

Packing of rectum Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential concurrent problem in horses with rectal tears?

Colic Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential complication of rectal tears in horses?

Infection Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a treatment option for rectal tears that requires general anesthesia and a single surgery?

Placement of a rectal liner Signup and view all the answers

What are the considerations for using temporary diverting colostomy as a treatment option for rectal tears?

May require 2 GAs, increased costs and complications Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment option for rectal tears is difficult to access and requires single handed suturing with long handled instruments?

Direct suturing Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an example of iatrogenic injury or accident?

Adverse drug reaction Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential complication of perivascular injections?

Injection site abscess Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of iatrogenic synovial sepsis?

Joint infection Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a potential injury that should be assessed and treated after freeing a horse?

Rectal tears Signup and view all the answers

What is one potential condition that should be assessed and treated after freeing a horse?

Acute haemorrhage Signup and view all the answers

What type of inflammation should be assessed and treated after freeing a horse?

Upper respiratory tract (URT) inflammation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following injuries is NOT a consideration when dealing with stable fires?

Hypovolaemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential consequence of hypovolaemia in the context of stable fires?

Burn shock Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions can arise due to stable fires and require treatment?

Corneal ulceration Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the initial action to take when a horse presents with rectal tears and blood on the rectal sleeve?

Remove rugs Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of administering flunixin during the initial assessment of a horse with rectal tears?

To reduce pain and inflammation Signup and view all the answers

When may referral or euthanasia be needed for a horse with rectal tears?

If the horse's condition cannot be managed or treated effectively Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most accurate definition of TBSA in the context of burns?

The percentage of total body surface area affected by the burns Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of determining the depth of burns?

To identify the involvement of superficial layers of skin through to bone and fascia Signup and view all the answers

What is the rule of 9's used for in the assessment of burns?

To calculate the percentage of total body surface area affected by the burns Signup and view all the answers

EQUINE Iatrogenic emergencies TO DO

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a possible complication of nasogastric intubation?

What does the term 'iatrogenic' mean?

Which of the following is a common complication of nasogastric intubation?

Which of the following is NOT a key tip for nasogastric intubation?

What should be done before administering fluids through a nasogastric tube?

Where should the nasogastric tube be passed along?

Which of the following is the recommended action if a horse experiences haemorrhage from the nasal passages?

What should be done if the haemorrhage continues after 5 to 10 minutes?

How common is it for the haemorrhage to continue after 5 to 10 minutes?

Which of the following is a common sign of oesophageal perforation?

What is the recommended assessment for oesophageal perforation?

What is the prognosis for full-thickness oesophageal perforations?

Which of the following is a potential complication of nasogastric intubation?

What is the recommended action if a horse experiences haemorrhage from the nasal passages during nasogastric intubation?

What can result from the inadvertent passage of a nasogastric tube into the trachea?

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for rectal tears during a rectal examination?

What is the increased risk factor for rectal tears during a rectal examination?

Which of the following is NOT a potential complication of rectal examination?

Which of the following is NOT a key tip for performing a rectal examination?

What is the purpose of administering butylscopolamine during a rectal examination?

When performing a rectal examination, what is the recommended action if the horse strains?

Which of the following is the initial action to take when a horse presents with rectal tears and blood on the rectal sleeve?

What is the purpose of administering butylscopolamine during a rectal examination for a horse with rectal tears?

What is the recommended procedure to determine the location and grade of rectal tears in a horse?

Which classification of rectal tears involves a tear into the mesocolon?

Which classification of rectal tears only involves the muscularis layer?

Which classification of rectal tears involves all layers of the rectal wall?

Which of the following is the recommended treatment for a grade 2 rectal tear in a horse?

What factors determine the further assessment and treatment of rectal tears in horses?

Which of the following is NOT a potential management option for grade 3 and 4 rectal tears in horses?

Which of the following is NOT a recommended treatment for rectal tears in horses?

Which of the following is a potential concurrent problem in horses with rectal tears?

Which of the following is a potential complication of rectal tears in horses?

Which of the following is a treatment option for rectal tears that requires general anesthesia and a single surgery?

What are the considerations for using temporary diverting colostomy as a treatment option for rectal tears?

Which treatment option for rectal tears is difficult to access and requires single handed suturing with long handled instruments?

Which of the following is NOT an example of iatrogenic injury or accident?

Which of the following is a potential complication of perivascular injections?

What is a potential consequence of iatrogenic synovial sepsis?

Which of the following is NOT a potential injury that should be assessed and treated after freeing a horse?

What is one potential condition that should be assessed and treated after freeing a horse?

What type of inflammation should be assessed and treated after freeing a horse?

Which of the following injuries is NOT a consideration when dealing with stable fires?

What is the potential consequence of hypovolaemia in the context of stable fires?

Which of the following conditions can arise due to stable fires and require treatment?

Which of the following is the initial action to take when a horse presents with rectal tears and blood on the rectal sleeve?

What is the purpose of administering flunixin during the initial assessment of a horse with rectal tears?

When may referral or euthanasia be needed for a horse with rectal tears?

Which of the following is the most accurate definition of TBSA in the context of burns?

What is the primary purpose of determining the depth of burns?

What is the rule of 9's used for in the assessment of burns?

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