Untitled Quiz

Computer organization and architecture are used to design computer systems.

Computer architecture encompasses attributes visible to the user, such as addressing techniques, instruction sets, and data representation.

Computer organization focuses on the physical structure and operational units of a system, along with their interconnections, to implement the architectural specifications.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A computer is an electronic device that processes and stores information, performs calculations, manipulates data, and executes instructions to accomplish specific tasks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The CPU, or central processing unit, performs most of the processing and calculations necessary for a computer to function.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>RAM, or random access memory, is the temporary memory that stores data and instructions while the computer is running.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Storage devices provide long-term memory for data and programs, preserving them even when the computer is turned off.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Input devices like keyboards and mice allow users to enter data and commands into the computer, while output devices, such as monitors and printers, display the results of the computer's processing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Peripheral devices are optional components that can be added to a computer to enhance its functionality, such as USB drives, external hard drives, and specialized input or output devices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A computer's hardware typically consists of the central processing unit, memory, input/output devices, and storage devices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The CPU, or central processing unit, acts as the brain of the computer, performing the bulk of the processing tasks, executing instructions, and controlling data flow within the system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Computer memory is also known as RAM (random access memory). Its main function is to temporarily store data and instructions while the computer is running.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Input/output devices allow users to interact with the computer by providing input, such as keyboard entries or mouse clicks, and receiving output, such as visual information on a monitor or printed documents.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Storage devices store data and programs permanently on the computer, ensuring that information is preserved even when the system is powered off.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Computers can run various types of software including operating systems, applications, and games.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Computers have become incredibly versatile machines that are an integral part of modern life, used for a wide range of purposes, including work, entertainment, education, and communication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Computers require detailed instructions on what to do in specific situations. We must provide them information about the data, processing methods, and storage locations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Humans primarily understand language composed of words, which are further constructed from letters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Computers understand binary language, which is characterized by using only two digits, 0 and 1, or states like true/false or on/off. Transistors are used to store these binary values.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transistors are tiny electronic switches that are used to store the two binary states (0 and 1) or the on and off states.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A transistor is considered “on” when a small electric current passes through it, representing a value of 1. When there is no current, it is considered “off” and represents a value of 0.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Memory chips contain billions of transistors, each of which can be switched on or off individually, allowing for storage of millions of different values using combinations of 0s and 1s.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Numbers and letters are represented using unique combinations of 0s and 1s, forming a whole new language. For example, the letter 'a' is represented as 01100001.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) provides a standard code that computers use to represent characters (letters, numbers, and symbols) using 8 bits (a byte) for each character.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>ASCII uses 8 bits, also known as a byte, to represent a single character.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A standard code is crucial for ensuring that computers from different manufacturers can understand and communicate the same data, regardless of their specific design. It helps ensure interoperability between systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Unicode is an alternative code that uses 2 bytes for each character, allowing for 65,536 distinct symbols, which is sufficient to represent a broad range of languages, including those with complex character sets.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In computer processing, a word refers to the number of bits that are manipulated as a unit by the computer's central processing unit (CPU).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Larger word sizes generally imply faster and more flexible processing, as more data can be handled at once.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Most CPUs today utilize a word size of either 32 bits or 64 bits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A bit is the smallest unit of information, representing a 0 or 1. A byte is a sequence of 8 bits, representing a character. A word is a group of bits that the CPU manipulates as one unit, with varying sizes depending on the CPU.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>64-bit processors have a larger word size, enabling them to process more data at once, leading to improved performance and the ability to handle larger memory sizes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Data is transferred between memory and the CPU in chunks of the CPU's word size, ensuring efficient and optimized data movement within the system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A standard code, like ASCII, ensures that data can be exchanged between different computer systems without misinterpretation or ambiguity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Computer data is generally categorized into text/numbers, sound/voice, and video/moving pictures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regardless of the form, data is converted into an equivalent string of zeros and ones (binary code) for storage, processing, and transmission.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Integers are represented by converting their decimal values into their equivalent binary representations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A designated byte (8 bits) is assigned to each character, determining the unique binary representation of that character.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When a character is typed, the keyboard's circuitry, along with the computer's circuitry, converts the character into its corresponding ASCII code, which is then stored as a byte in the computer's memory for processing and display.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The representation of data as bits simplifies data storage, processing, and transmission within a computer system, as it provides a consistent and uniform framework for manipulating information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A byte represents a small amount of information, so larger units like kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes, and terabytes are used to express larger amounts of memory or storage more conveniently.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>8 bits make up 1 byte which is typically used to represent 1 character.</p> Signup and view all the answers