8th Class Geography Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is one factor that affects industrial development?

  • Historical events
  • Geographical location
  • Social responsibilities (correct)
  • Cultural practices

What skill is necessary for interpreting map scales effectively?

  • Drawing conclusions from data
  • Distance calculation (correct)
  • Field-visit planning
  • Questionnaire preparation

Which method is used to explain various types of map scales?

  • Case studies
  • Graphical comparison
  • Example illustrations (correct)
  • Field observation

What is a fundamental aspect of planning a field visit?

<p>Preparing a questionnaire (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do map scales help determine?

<p>Distance on maps (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which practice is advised against while teaching from the textbook?

<p>Reading lessons aloud (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the ideal teaching approach suggested?

<p>Constructivist and activity-based learning (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should students analyze data during a field visit?

<p>Through prepared questionnaires (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the standard eight geography textbook?

<p>Learning about rain and clouds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant date is mentioned in the context of the adoption of the Constitution of India?

<p>26th November 1949 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following elements is NOT included in the Preamble of the Constitution of India?

<p>Empathy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the geographical concepts studied in this textbook?

<p>To ignite intellectual curiosity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of the earth does the textbook briefly explain?

<p>The interior of the earth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which platform is mentioned for obtaining the digital textbook?

<p>DIKSHA App (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Coordination Committee mentioned?

<p>To prescribe textbooks for education (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What fundamental aspect of human life is discussed in relation to land use?

<p>Industries and population (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What teaching aids are recommended for understanding geographical concepts?

<p>Globes and maps (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it necessary to fully utilize the given number of periods for each chapter?

<p>To allow adequate time for studying abstractions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is advised against when it comes to evaluating students?

<p>Employing closed-ended questions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should students do to enhance their understanding of the subject?

<p>Engage in extra reading material (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of character 'Globee' introduced in the lessons?

<p>To help students with tasks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which types of questions should be used for evaluating geographical concepts?

<p>Thought-provoking questions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is stated as a challenge in understanding major concepts of geography?

<p>They involve complex abstractions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is suggested to facilitate peer learning in geography?

<p>Group work and collaboration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of the Earth's rotation?

<p>West to East (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many longitudes can be drawn on a world map at an interval of 1°?

<p>360 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At which longitude does the date change?

<p>180° (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes the changing duration of day and night?

<p>The rotation of the Earth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was used to measure time in ancient times?

<p>Sundials (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the apparent movement of the sun from east to west primarily a result of?

<p>The rotation of the Earth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which instruments are used in present times for measuring time?

<p>Wristwatches and clocks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

While the Earth rotates, how many longitudes face the sun daily?

<p>Half of the longitudes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the local time difference between Mumbai and Kolkata?

<p>1 hour (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At which longitude is the Indian Standard Time (IST) established?

<p>82° 30' E (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If it is 5 p.m. at Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), what time is it in India?

<p>10:30 p.m. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of establishing a standard time in India?

<p>To unify local times across the country (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between IST and GMT?

<p>IST is 5 hours ahead of GMT (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the longitudinal line for Indian Standard Time pass through?

<p>Mirzapur (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it assumed to be 12 noon everywhere in India when the sun is directly overhead at IST longitude?

<p>To standardize local times (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cities is located at a longitude of 73° E?

<p>Mumbai (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate temperature at the Earth's core?

<p>50000 to 60000 °C (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist is associated with the discovery of Moho discontinuity?

<p>Mohorovicic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the primary components found in the continental crust?

<p>Silica and Aluminum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what depth does the mantle begin from the Earth's surface?

<p>42 km (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated temperature range at a depth of 2400 to 2900 km within the mantle?

<p>2200 °C to 2500 °C (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the alternative name for the upper layer of the mantle?

<p>Asthenosphere (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What natural phenomenon occurs due to internal energy released in the mantle?

<p>Mountain-building and volcanic eruptions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name given to the magnetic field surrounding the Earth?

<p>Magnetosphere (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Indian Constitution Preamble

The introductory statement of the Indian Constitution, outlining the country's goals and aspirations.

Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic Republic (India)

Key words in the Preamble describing India's form of government - independent, following certain ideals, and for all citizens.

Justice (social, economic, and political)

A goal in the Preamble of the Indian Constitution, striving for fairness, opportunity, and a just society.

Liberty

Freedom of thought, expression, belief, faith, and worship as enshrined in the Preamble of the Indian Constitution.

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Equality

Equal status and opportunity for all citizens in India according to the Preamble.

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Fraternity

Unity and integrity of the nation, ensuring the human dignity to all of India's citizens, as stated in the Preamble.

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Standard Eight Geography

The final year of primary education focused on advanced geographical concepts.

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Earth's Interior

The structure and composition of the Earth below the surface.

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Industrial Development Factors

The various elements that affect the growth of industries.

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Social Responsibility of Industries

The ethical obligations of businesses to society.

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Map Scale

Ratio representing distance on a map to the ground distance.

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Map Type & Scale

Different map types use different scales to represent data & areas.

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Field Visit Planning

Preparing for a visit to a location to collect data.

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Questionnaire Preparation

Creating a structured set of questions for collecting data from people

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Data Interpretation

Analyzing data gathered in order to draw valid and meaningful information and knowledge about the collected or analysed data.

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Report Writing

Presenting findings and conclusions in a structured document.

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Geographical Teaching Aids

Using globes, maps (world, India, state), atlases, and other visual tools to learn geography.

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Graded Introduction

Presenting concepts in a structured, step-by-step way, making learning easier.

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Evaluation Use

Use thought-provoking, activity-oriented, open-ended, and multiple-choice questions for assessments.

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QR Codes and References

Use QR codes and online resources from textbooks, and look beyond the textbook for additional learning materials.

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Learning Through Activities

Combining group work, peer learning, and hands-on activities promotes understanding.

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Chapter Length Considerations

Allocate sufficient time for each chapter to ensure thorough understanding and absorption of the content.

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Abstract Concepts

Difficult-to-grasp ideas that are often part of geographical principles. Require specific strategies to understand.

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Globee Character

A character in the textbook that guides and assists you in understanding concepts.

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Earth's Rotation

The spinning of the Earth on its axis, completing one full rotation in approximately 24 hours.

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Direction of Earth's Rotation

The Earth rotates from west to east, meaning the western side faces the sun first, causing sunrise, and the eastern side faces the sun last, causing sunset.

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Apparent Sun Movement

Due to the Earth's rotation, we perceive the sun moving from east to west across the sky. This movement is not real, but a result of our perspective on a rotating Earth.

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Day and Night Duration Change

The duration of day and night varies throughout the year due to the Earth's tilt and its elliptical orbit around the sun.

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Longitudal Time Zones

As the Earth rotates, different longitudes experience sunrise and sunset at different times, which affects the local time in each zone.

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Date Change

The date officially changes at the International Date Line, which is located near the 180th meridian. When you cross this line, you either gain or lose a full day.

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Standard Time

The official time used in a country or region, usually based on a specific longitude.

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Longitude

Imaginary lines that circle the Earth from North Pole to South Pole, measuring distance east or west of the Prime Meridian.

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Indian Standard Time (IST)

The standard time for India, based on the 82° 30' E longitude that passes through Mirzapur.

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Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)

The time at the Prime Meridian (0° longitude) in Greenwich, England, used as the international standard time.

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Time Difference

The difference in time between two locations due to their different longitudes.

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Jantar Mantar

Astronomical observatories built by Maharaja Sawai Jaisingh II in Jaipur, India, for observing celestial objects.

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Local Time

The time at a specific location based on its longitude.

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International Coordination

The process of aligning different countries' times to facilitate communication and collaboration.

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Moho Discontinuity

The boundary between the Earth's crust and the mantle, marked by a sharp increase in seismic wave velocity.

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Gutenberg Discontinuity

The boundary between the Earth's mantle and the core, characterized by a significant change in seismic wave behavior.

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Continental Crust

The outermost layer of the Earth that forms the continents, primarily composed of granite rocks and rich in silica and aluminum.

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Asthenosphere

A soft, semi-molten layer within the upper mantle, responsible for plate tectonics.

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Geo-Dynamo

The process by which the Earth's magnetic field is generated within the liquid outer core.

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Magnetosphere

The region around Earth where the magnetic field dominates, protecting us from solar wind.

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Magma Chambers

Underground reservoirs of molten rock that can erupt as volcanoes.

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Endogenetic Movements

Forces originating within the Earth that drive geological processes like earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and mountain building.

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Study Notes

Geography Standard Eight

  • This textbook is for Standard Eight students in Maharashtra.
  • The digital version is available on the DIKSHA app using a QR code.
  • Curriculum approval GR No. Abhyas - 2116/(Pra.Kra.43/16) SD - 4 dated 25.4.2016.
  • Textbook approval meeting 29.12.2017.
  • Copyright is reserved by the Maharashtra State Bureau of Textbook Production and Curriculum Research.

Preface

  • Standard Eight is the final year of higher primary education.
  • The textbook builds on previous geography learnings.
  • The text book focuses on advanced geographical concepts.
  • Includes topics on rain, clouds, Earth's interior, water bodies (currents, energy), land use, human populations (urban/rural), and industries.
  • The book also includes tasks, projects, and questions to stimulate critical thinking and exploration.
  • Encourage group work and peer learning.
  • Use maps and diagrams for better understanding.

Contents

  • A list of all the topics covered in the textbook.
  • Includes page numbers and estimated time needed for each topic.

Other Pages

  • Contains the national anthem and pledge.
  • Includes details about the committee members, authors, illustrators, and publishers of the textbook.
  • A detailed preface discussing the purpose, structure, and content of the textbook for the students.
  • Includes examples of lessons and exercises.

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