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Questions and Answers

What does pallor indicate when performing a skin assessment?

  • Allergic reaction
  • Normal skin color
  • Anemia or shock (correct)
  • Local infection
  • Which order of assessment step should be performed first?

  • Remove stockings/socks and drape to expose entire lower extremity
  • Check for cleanliness and odors
  • Assess hair, skin, and nail color for uniformity
  • Examine upper extremities with client sitting or recumbent (correct)
  • Which skin lesion is described as a nonpalpable skin color change less than 1 cm?

  • Macule (correct)
  • Nodule
  • Papule
  • Weal
  • What is the appearance of cyanosis in dark skin?

    <p>Greyish hue (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which abnormal skin finding indicates liver dysfunction?

    <p>Jaundice (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What skin condition results from the loss of the epidermis without bleeding?

    <p>Erosion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lesion is defined as a solid, deep mass greater than 1-2 cm?

    <p>Tumor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do you assess skin turgor during a skin examination?

    <p>By lifting and releasing a fold of skin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is indicated by a linear crack in the skin?

    <p>Fissure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the characteristics to check for in skin lesions?

    <p>Uniform color (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a Stage 1 pressure injury exhibit?

    <p>Nonblanchable erythema of intact skin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which degree of pitting edema is described as being 6 mm in depth with a prolonged skin response?

    <p>3+ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common risk factor for skin cancer?

    <p>Family history (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the atrioventricular (AV) valves during ventricular contraction?

    <p>They prevent regurgitation of blood into the atria. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which heart sounds are associated with the closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves?

    <p>S1 (Lub) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following vascular lesions is characterized by a red center with radiating red legs?

    <p>Spider angioma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In percussion of the respiratory system, which sound indicates pneumonia or a tumor?

    <p>Dullness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the aortic area located for auscultation of heart sounds?

    <p>2nd ICS at the RIGHT sternal border (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does ecchymosis indicate in terms of skin appearance?

    <p>Purple fading to green/yellow discoloration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does S3 indicate in terms of heart function?

    <p>Rapid ventricular filling (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What sound can indicate obstructed peripheral blood flow when auscultating?

    <p>Bruit (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom often associated with a myocardial infarction (heart attack)?

    <p>Heavy chest pressure with exertion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which valvular function is associated with the pulmonic valve?

    <p>It allows blood to enter the pulmonary artery. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the presence of a thrill during auscultation suggest?

    <p>Turbulent blood flow or cardiac malformation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of left-sided heart failure on the body?

    <p>Pulmonary congestion and shortness of breath (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the characteristics of a systolic murmur?

    <p>Occurs just after S1 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for myocardial infarction?

    <p>Excessive physical activity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range of cardiac output in liters per minute?

    <p>5-6 L/min (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is most associated with right-sided heart failure?

    <p>Jugular vein distention (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes a murmur to be characterized as diastolic?

    <p>It occurs during the cardiac cycle between S1 and S2 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the atrioventricular valves?

    <p>Preventing backflow of blood into the atria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common manifestation of pulmonary congestion in heart failure?

    <p>Dyspnea (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What abnormal curvature of the spine is characterized by an exaggerated lumbar curvature?

    <p>Lordosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which health promotion strategy can help decrease the risk of heart disease?

    <p>Engage in regular exercise (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is indicated by the presence of thrills in a patient's heart?

    <p>Turbulence in blood flow (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an expected finding in a patient suffering from osteoarthritis?

    <p>Degenerative joint disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does hypertension have on heart function over time?

    <p>Can cause left ventricular hypertrophy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the semilunar valves in the heart?

    <p>Allow blood to flow out of the ventricles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes bronchial breath sounds?

    <p>Loud high pitched, with expiration longer than inspiration over the trachea. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes hyperventilation?

    <p>Increased rate and depth of breathing. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symptoms are commonly associated with asthma?

    <p>Mucosal edema, bronchoconstriction, and excessive mucus production. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which respiration pattern is characterized by a regular pattern of deep rapid breathing followed by periods of apnea?

    <p>Cheyne-stokes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary characteristic of COPD?

    <p>It includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which findings are expected in a patient with COPD?

    <p>Chronic dyspnea, tachypnea, and low SPO2 levels. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct description of rhonchi?

    <p>Low-pitched rumbling sounds. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of blood circulation is managed by the right side of the heart?

    <p>Pulmonary circulation for gas exchange. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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