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Questions and Answers
What is the process of adding affixes to a word called?
What is the process of adding affixes to a word called?
Affixation
What are words with opposite meanings called?
What are words with opposite meanings called?
Antonyms
What is the basic word or part of a word from which other words can be made called?
What is the basic word or part of a word from which other words can be made called?
Base word
What is a natural combination of words that frequently go together in a language called?
What is a natural combination of words that frequently go together in a language called?
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What is the meaning that a vocabulary item has in the situation in which it is used called?
What is the meaning that a vocabulary item has in the situation in which it is used called?
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What are words that have the same spelling and pronunciation as another word but a different meaning called?
What are words that have the same spelling and pronunciation as another word but a different meaning called?
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What are words with the same pronunciation but a different meaning or spelling called?
What are words with the same pronunciation but a different meaning or spelling called?
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What is a group of words that means something different from the actual words used called?
What is a group of words that means something different from the actual words used called?
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What is a movement from one vowel sound to another within a single syllable called?
What is a movement from one vowel sound to another within a single syllable called?
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What are pairs of words that differ by only one sound and have different meaning called?
What are pairs of words that differ by only one sound and have different meaning called?
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What is the smallest unit of sound that can make a difference to meaning in language called?
What is the smallest unit of sound that can make a difference to meaning in language called?
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What is the study of the sound features used in a language to communicate meaning called?
What is the study of the sound features used in a language to communicate meaning called?
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What is the word which the speaker thinks is most important to the meaning of the sentence called?
What is the word which the speaker thinks is most important to the meaning of the sentence called?
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What is the most common vowel sound in English called?
What is the most common vowel sound in English called?
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What is the way a speaker changes the level of their voice to show meaning called?
What is the way a speaker changes the level of their voice to show meaning called?
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Connected speech refers to the way sounds are connected between words in a language, creating smooth transitions. This happens especially in fluent or fast speech.
Connected speech refers to the way sounds are connected between words in a language, creating smooth transitions. This happens especially in fluent or fast speech.
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The words we recognise are called our,receptive vocabulary; the words we can use are called our, productive vocabulary.
The words we recognise are called our,receptive vocabulary; the words we can use are called our, productive vocabulary.
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It's important that learners need to meet the same words again and again as they advanced in their language learning.
It's important that learners need to meet the same words again and again as they advanced in their language learning.
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It is important for learners to learn words in isolation rather than in context.
It is important for learners to learn words in isolation rather than in context.
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Study Notes
Unit 2 Lexis
- Affixation: Adding prefixes or suffixes to change the meaning of words (e.g., instruct-instruction)
- Antonym: Words with opposite meanings
- Base word: The fundamental word from which other words are created (e.g., unsafe, illegal)
- Chunk: Words learned as single units (e.g., "Have a good trip")
- Collocation: Common word combinations (e.g., "make a decision")
- Compound: Words formed from two or more words (e.g., telephone number)
- Compound noun: A compound word that has a meaning different from its individual parts (e.g., telephone number)
- Context: The situation in which a word is used determines its meaning
- Extension (activity): Activities that reinforce vocabulary learning
- False friend: Words similar in two languages but with different meanings
- Highlight: Draw attention to important words
- Homonym: Words with same spelling and pronunciation but different meanings (e.g., sat on the river bank)
- Homophone: Words with same pronunciation but different meanings or spellings (e.g., know, whether)
- Idiom: A group of words whose meaning is different from the literal meaning of the individual words (e.g., spill the beans)
- Key word: Important words
- Lexical set: A group of words related in theme (e.g., family, furniture, food)
Unit 3 Phonology
- Connected speech: Natural speech, where sounds blend or change in sentences
- Consonant: Sounds produced with a partial or complete obstruction of airflow
- Contraction: Shortened forms of words (e.g., don't, isn't)
- Contrastive stress: Emphasis on an unusual or important word in a sentence
- Diphthong: A sound that combines two vowel sounds within a single syllable
- Distinguish: Recognizing the differences between similar words
- Emphasize: Give special importance to a word or syllable
- Intonation: The way the pitch of the voice changes to show meaning
- Linking: Connecting sounds between words
- Minimal pairs: Words that differ by only one sound but have different meanings (e.g., bat and pat)
- Phoneme: The smallest unit of sound that distinguishes meaning in a language
- Phonemic chart: A chart that visually displays phonemes and their sounds
- Phonology: The study of the sound system of a language
- Primary/Main stress: The most important word in a sentence
- Rhythm: The pattern of stress in a sentence
- Schwa: A reduced vowel sound, often in unstressed syllables
- Secondary stress: Less pronounced stress than primary stress
- Sentence stress: Varying the emphasis in different parts of a sentence
- Stress: Emphasis given to certain words or syllables in speech
- Syllable: A unit of pronunciation
- Unvoiced sound: Sounds made without vocal cord vibration
- Voiced sound: Sounds made with vocal cord vibration
- Vowel: Sounds made with an open vocal tract
- Weak form: Reduced pronunciation of a word in unstressed positions
- Word boundary: The division between words
- Word stress: The emphasis on syllables within words
Additional Notes (2c)
- Importance of Repetition: Young learners need repeated exposure to words to remember them
- Receptive and Productive Vocabulary: Recognizing words (receptive) and using them (productive) are both important skills
- Contextual Learning: Learning words within contexts (stories, descriptions) makes the learning process more engaging and effective
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