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Questions and Answers

What was the primary goal of Republic Act No. 6657?

  • To establish agricultural cooperatives in urban areas
  • To redistribute agricultural lands to alleviate rural poverty (correct)
  • To privatize land ownership among wealthy farmers
  • To increase agricultural production through higher subsidies

    • Which institution was designated as the key government entity to facilitate land acquisition under CARL?

  • Department of Agriculture
  • Land Bank of the Philippines (correct)
  • Department of Agrarian Reform
  • National Economic Development Authority

    • What did Executive Order No. 228 specifically address in relation to CARL?

  • Government loans for agricultural projects
  • Tax incentives for farmers
  • Regulation of agricultural product prices
  • Land acquisition and distribution (correct)

    • Under RA 6657, which type of land was excluded from the scope of the law?

    <p>Lands used for residential purposes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How were landowners compensated under Republic Act No. 6657?

    <p>Based on an agreed valuation of their land (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of Proclamation No. 131 issued in 1987?

    <p>To declare a moratorium on land transfers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the outcome that RA 6657 aimed to achieve?

    <p>Ensure land ownership for farmer beneficiaries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the role of the Department of Agrarian Reform concerning RA 6657?

    <p>To implement the law and oversee land distribution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary goal of the ARCCESS program?

    <p>To connect Agrarian Reform Communities to markets and resources (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which program was aimed at improving agricultural productivity and financial stability for farmers during President Benigno Aquino III's administration?

    <p>Agrarian Production Credit Program (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of Agrarian Reform Beneficiaries Organizations (ARBOs)?

    <p>To facilitate collective management of lands and activities among ARBs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the Legal Case Monitoring System (LCMS) aim to improve agrarian reform processes?

    <p>By accelerating the resolution of land distribution disputes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary aim of the 'Magkabalikat Para sa Kaunlarang Agraryo' program?

    <p>To foster collaboration for agrarian reform (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What key aspect did the ARCCESS program focus on besides connecting ARCs to markets?

    <p>Improving sustainable agricultural practices (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which law extended the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP)?

    <p>Republic Act No. 9700 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT associated with the Agrarian Production Credit Program?

    <p>Enhancing the legal process for agrarian disputes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a major outcome intended by the ARBOs for agrarian reform beneficiaries?

    <p>To create a structured approach to decision-making and resource access (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which president's administration was the 'Magkabalikat Para sa Kaunlarang Agraryo' initiated?

    <p>President Joseph 'Erap' Estrada (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant feature did the 'Magkabalikat Para sa Kaunlarang Agraryo' program include?

    <p>A partnership with the private sector (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why was the ARCCESS program considered essential for ARBs?

    <p>It provided training and access to technological resources (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the goals of the CARPER Law enacted in 2009?

    <p>To improve the livelihood of agrarian reform beneficiaries (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under which president were significant initiatives and programs related to agrarian reform particularly prominent?

    <p>President Benigno Aquino III (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does ARCCESS stand for in relation to agrarian reform programs?

    <p>Agrarian Reform Community Capacity Enhancement Support (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the acronym ARBs refer to in the context of agrarian reform?

    <p>Agrarian Reform Beneficiaries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    ARCCESS

    A program designed to aid Agrarian Reform Communities (ARCs) by providing economic support services to improve productivity and income.

    Agrarian Reform Communities (ARCs)

    Communities made up of Agrarian Reform Beneficiaries (ARBs) who received land through the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP).

    Agrarian Reform Beneficiaries (ARBs)

    Individuals or families who received land titles under the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP).

    APCP (Agrarian Production Credit Program)

    A program that offered financial assistance to Agrarian Reform Beneficiaries (ARBs) for agricultural production during the administration of President Benigno Aquino III.

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    ARBOs (Agrarian Reform Beneficiaries Organizations)

    Organizations formed by ARBs to coordinate and manage their collective lands and activities.

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    What is the role of ARBOs in agrarian reform?

    ARBOs play a vital role in coordinating and managing the collective lands and activities of ARBs, enhancing the effectiveness of agrarian reform programs.

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    Legal Case Monitoring System (LCMS)

    A system developed to improve the efficiency and transparency of legal processes related to agrarian reform cases, especially under President Benigno Aquino III.

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    What is the main objective of the LCMS?

    The LCMS aims to resolve legal disputes concerning land distribution under CARP efficiently and transparently, specifically by addressing the backlog of agrarian-related cases.

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    Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law (CARL)

    A law enacted in 1988 to redistribute agricultural lands to farmers, aiming to reduce rural poverty and promote social justice.

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    Scope of CARL

    It covered all public and private agricultural lands, except for certain types like corporate-owned lands or land used for non-agricultural purposes.

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    What was the goal of land redistribution under CARL?

    The law aimed to redistribute land to farmer-beneficiaries through land reform programs, allowing them to own the land they tilled.

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    How were landowners compensated under CARL?

    Landowners were compensated for their land based on an agreed valuation, with the government providing a system for payment.

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    Role of Land Bank of the Philippines (LBP)

    The LBP was designated as the key institution to acquire land and provide financial assistance to agrarian reform beneficiaries.

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    Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR) Role

    The DAR was responsible for implementing the law, overseeing land distribution and ensuring the welfare of farmer-beneficiaries.

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    Executive Order No. 228

    This order was issued to implement provisions of CARL, focusing on land acquisition and distribution.

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    Proclamation No. 131

    This proclamation imposed a moratorium on land transfers to ensure proper implementation of land reform.

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    Magkabalikat Para sa Kaunlarang Agraryo

    An agrarian reform program initiated during President Estrada's term (1998-2001) focused on land redistribution and improving farmer welfare.

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    CARPER Law (Republic Act No. 9700)

    A law signed by President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo in 2009 that extended the implementation of the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP).

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    CARP (Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program)

    A program enacted in 1988 under Republic Act No. 6657, aiming to distribute land to farmers and improve their living conditions.

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    APCP

    A program under President Aquino III that focused on supporting the implementation and success of agrarian reform projects.

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    ARBOs

    Agrarian Reform Beneficiary Organizations, groups formed by ARBs to collectively advocate their interests and manage resources.

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    LCMS

    A land consolidation and management system aimed at improving the efficiency and utilization of land allocated to ARBs.

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    Study Notes

    Constitutions in Philippine History

    • A constitution is a set of fundamental rules that govern a country, outlining basic principles and laws.
    • Key elements of a constitution include a preamble (core values), government structure (branches and powers), rights and freedoms, and an amendment process.
    • Constitutions can be written (formal document) or unwritten (based on customs, traditions, and precedents).
    • A constitution limits government power, provides stability, promotes justice, and reflects national identity.

    Biak-na-Bato Constitution (1897)

    • A provisional constitution established during the Philippine Revolution.
    • Written in Spanish by Isabelo Artacho and Felix Ferrer.
    • Established a revolutionary government with three branches (Supreme Council, Supreme Council of Grace and Justice, and Assembly of Representatives).
    • Never implemented due to the Pact of Biak-na-Bato.

    Malolos Constitution (1899)

    • The first significant Filipino document, created by the people's representatives.
    • Based on Spanish Constitution of 1812, with influences from other countries.
    • Declared sovereignty resides with the people; stated basic civil rights, separated Church and state, called for a legislative assembly (Assembly of Representatives) and a parliamentary republic.

    Acts of the US Congress (1902-1934)

    • Philippine Organic Act of 1902 and Philippine Autonomy Act of 1916 defined fundamental political principles (structure, procedures, powers, duties of government) of the Philippines under US governance.
    • The Tydings-McDuffie Act of 1934 set the stage for Philippine independence.

    Commonwealth Constitution (1935)

    • Established the Commonwealth of the Philippines (1935-1946), transitioning towards independence.
    • Provided for a unicameral National Assembly.
    • Amended in 1940 to become a bicameral Congress (Senate and House of Representatives).
    • Granted women suffrage.

    1943 Constitution

    • Drafted by the Preparatory Committee for Philippine Independence, appointed by Philippine Executive Commission.
    • Promised independence in 1944.
    • Retired Justice Jose P. Laurel was appointed president.

    1973 Constitution

    • Established a unicameral-style government.
    • Legislative power vested in the Assembly.
    • Executive power was vested in the Prime Minister.
    • Passed during Marcos' administration, was a contentious moment, characterized by the declaration of martial law.

    1986 Freedom Constitution

    • Established following the 1986 People Power Revolution.
    • A temporary constitution to ensure freedom of the people and the return to democratic rule.

    1987 Constitution

    • A new constitution was ratified following the 1986 revolution.
    • The Constitution ensured civilian control over the military.
    • Defined the structure and powers of the government.

    Other Key Initiatives

    • Various agrarian reform laws (e.g., Republic Act No. 6657) aimed at redistributing agricultural lands to tenant farmers.
    • Land transfer moratoriums, restructuring of agrarian reform programs, and continuing efforts to implement land reform were all included to improve the agricultural industry.

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