8085 Microprocessor Architecture Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary technology used in the development of the 8085 microprocessor?

  • CMOS technology
  • Bipolar technology
  • BiCMOS technology
  • NMOS technology (correct)

    • What is the maximum memory addressing capability of the 8085 microprocessor?

  • 128KB
  • 256KB
  • 32KB
  • 64KB (correct)

    • Which pin is NOT a feature associated with the 8085 microprocessor architecture?

  • Video output (correct)
  • Address bus
  • Power supply
  • Data bus

    • What is the operating voltage required for the 8085 microprocessor?

    <p>5V</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of operations does the 8-bit ALU of the 8085 microprocessor primarily perform?

    <p>8-bit operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what clock frequency does the 8085 microprocessor operate?

    <p>3.2 MHz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many bits is the data bus in the 8085 microprocessor?

    <p>8 bits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of the 8085 microprocessor's pin diagram?

    <p>Alphanumeric display</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the Accumulator in the 8085 microprocessor?

    <p>To perform arithmetic and logical operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bus is responsible for carrying commands from the microprocessor to memory in the 8085 architecture?

    <p>Data Bus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Program Counter (PC) in the 8085 microprocessor do?

    <p>Points to the memory location of the next command</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Timing and Control Unit in the 8085 microprocessor?

    <p>To handle data flow and memory management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes the status register in the ALU?

    <p>Contains status flags for specific operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Reset IN signal do in the 8085 microprocessor?

    <p>Resets the Program Counter to zero</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the size and purpose of the Address Bus in the 8085 architecture?

    <p>16 bits to carry address signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following flag registers indicates a carry condition in the 8085?

    <p>Carry Flag</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum clock frequency for the 8085 microprocessor to operate effectively?

    <p>3 MHz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which instruction is executed when the microprocessor receives the INTR signal?

    <p>Interrupt acknowledge operation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following registers is used to store temporary commands during execution in the 8085 microprocessor?

    <p>Instruction Register/Decoder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What operation does the Shifter in the ALU perform?

    <p>Logical shifting and rotating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the control bus in the 8085 microprocessor?

    <p>To control and coordinate microprocessor operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    With which pair of registers can 16-bit operations be performed in the 8085 microprocessor?

    <p>BC, DE, and HL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the I/O Read operation in the 8085 microprocessor?

    <p>To accept instructions from an input device</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which addressing mode specifies the memory address of an operand directly?

    <p>Direct Addressing Mode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What interrupts are considered non-maskable in the 8085 microprocessor?

    <p>TRAP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At which memory location does the RST 7.5 interrupt execute when activated?

    <p>003CH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many maskable interrupts does the 8085 microprocessor have?

    <p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cycle occurs first in the execution of an instruction by the 8085 microprocessor?

    <p>Opcode Fetch Cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the I/O Write operation in the 8085 microprocessor?

    <p>To send instructions to the output device</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the clock speed at which the Intel 8085 typically operates?

    <p>3 MHz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which applications is the 8085 microprocessor commonly used for home appliances?

    <p>Refrigerators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the INTR interrupt behave when the microprocessor is in a RESET state?

    <p>It moves into disabled state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of control signals does the 8085 microprocessor use to manage data flow?

    <p>Control signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which interrupt of the 8085 processor has the maximum priority?

    <p>TRAP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during the Memory Write Cycle in the 8085?

    <p>Data is stored into memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one application of the 8085 microprocessor in the military domain?

    <p>Traffic light control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following does not describe a type of machine cycle in the 8085?

    <p>Data Transfer Cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    8085 Microprocessor Architecture

    • Developed: Intel, 1977
    • Technology: NMOS
    • Addressable Memory: 64KB
    • Data Bus: 8-bit
    • Address Bus: 16-bit
    • Power Supply: +5V
    • Clock Speed: 3.2 MHz
    • Internal Architecture: Consists of Timing & Control Unit, Interrupt Control, Serial I/O Control, Registers, and ALU

    ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)

    • Performs arithmetic and logical operations:
      • Addition: Adding two numbers
      • Subtraction: Subtracting one number from another
      • Increment: Increasing the value of a number by 1
      • Decrement: Decreasing the value of a number y 1.
      • Logical AND: Logical AND operation on two numbers
      • Logical OR: Logical OR operation on two numbers
      • Shift left: Shifting the bits to the left
      • Shift right: Shifting the bits to the right
      • Rotate left: Rotating the bits to the left
      • Rotate right: Rotating the bits to the right
    • Word Length: 8-bit, determined by internal data bus

    Timing and Control Unit

    • Responsible for generating timing signals for the execution of instructions.
    • Manages the data flow and memory management between peripherals and CPU.
    • Provides status, timing, and control signals to manage I/O and memory devices.

    System Bus

    • Used for communication between the memory and I/O devices.
    • Consists of:
      • Data Bus: Bidirectional, carries data between microprocessor and memory. Size determines the type of operations performed.
      • Address Bus: Unidirectional, sends instructions from microprocessor to memory. Size determines the amount of memory that can be addressed.
      • Control Bus: Unidirectional and Bidirectional signals, used for control and co-ordination.

    Registers

    • General Purpose Registers: B, C, D, E, H, and L, each 8-bit. Used as pairs (BC, DE, and HL) to perform 16-bit operations.
    • Accumulator: 8-bit register within ALU, used to store data and operation results.
    • Flag Register: 5 flags that track the status of operations:
      • Carry Flag (CF): Indicates if an operation produced a carry.
      • Parity Flag (PF): Indicates if the result has an even or odd number of set bits.
      • Zero Flag (ZF): Indicates if the result of an operation is zero.
      • Sign Flag (SF): Indicates if the MSB of the result is set.
      • Auxiliary Carry Flag (AC): Indicates if there's a carry from bit 3 to bit 4.
    • Program Status Word (PSW): Combination of the Accumulator and Flag Register (16-bit). Used for stack operations.
    • Stack Pointer (SP): 16-bit register that points to the stack in memory, acting as a memory pointer.
    • Program Counter (PC): 16-bit register that stores the address of the next instruction to be executed.

    8085 Pin Diagram

    • Address/Data Bus (A0-A15): Unidirectional, sends signals to peripheral devices. Combined for additional control signals.
    • Status and Control Signals:
      • ALE (Address Latch Enable): Enables the lower 8-bits of the address bus during T1.
      • IO/M: Determines if the current operation is memory or I/O related.
      • S0, S1: 4 combinations determine operation status:
        • Opcode Fetch: Fetching instruction from memory.
        • Memory Read: Reading data from memory.
        • Memory Write: Writing data to memory.
        • I/O Read: Reading data from an I/O device.
        • I/O Write: Writing data to an I/O device.
        • Interrupt Acknowledge: Acknowledging an interrupt request.
        • Halt: Indicates the microprocessor is stopped.
    • Clock Frequency & Power Supply
      • Vcc: +5V power supply
      • Vss: Ground reference
      • CLK (OUT): Clock signal for other devices
      • X1, X2: Used to determine the clock frequency (6 MHz for 3 MHz operation)
    • Reset Signals
      • RESET IN: Resets the microprocessor (PC = 0)
      • RESET OUT: Used to reset other devices
    • Serial I/O Ports:
      • SID (Serial Input Data): Input line for serial data.
      • SOD (Serial Output Data): Output line for serial data.
    • Interrupts and Peripheral Signals
      • INTR: Interrupt request signal
      • INTA: Interrupt acknowledgment
      • RST 7.5, RST 6.5, RST 5.5: Maskable interrupts with varying priorities
      • TRAP: Non-maskable interrupt
      • HOLD: Signal to request a hold operation.
      • HLDA: Hold acknowledge
    • DMA Signals:
      • HOLD: Requests control of the bus for DMA transfers.
      • HLDA: Acknowledges the HOLD request.

    8085 Operations

    • Memory Read: Reads data from memory.
    • Memory Write: Writes data to memory.
    • I/O Read: Reads data from an I/O device.
    • I/O Write: Writes data to an I/O device.

    8085 Addressing Modes

    • Direct Addressing: Uses a specific memory address.
    • Register Addressing: Operand is in a general-purpose register.
    • Immediate Addressing: Operand is included in the instruction directly.
    • Indirect Addressing: The instruction specifies the register containing the address of the operand.
    • Implicit Addressing: No operands are explicitly specified.

    8085 Interrupts

    • External signals: Trigger interrupt handling routines.
    • 5 interrupt signals:
      • TRAP: Non-maskable interrupt, highest priority.
      • RST 7.5, RST 6.5, RST 5.5: Maskable interrupts with decreasing priorities.
      • INTR: Maskable interrupt, lowest priority.
    • Interrupt Service Routine (ISR): Code executed when an interrupt occurs.

    8085 Applications

    • Instrumentation: Digital kiosks, security systems, printing press control panels
    • Entertainment: Gaming consoles, DVD Players
    • Communication: Digital telephone sets, satellite communication
    • Home Appliances: Washing machines, refrigerators, ovens
    • Military: Various applications
    • Traffic Light Control
    • Data Acquisition Systems

    Machine Cycles & Bus Timings

    • Machine Cycle: Time required for a single instruction execution. Four types:
      • Opcode Fetch Cycle: Retrieves the instruction opcode from memory.
      • Memory Read Cycle: Reads data from memory if needed.
      • Memory Write Cycle: Writes data to memory if needed.
      • I/O Read/Write Cycle: Performs I/O operations.
    • Clock Speed: Determines the rate of data processing (typically 3 MHz).
    • Bus Cycle Timing: Timing diagram that illustrates signal transitions over time during each machine cycle.
    • Control Signals: Manage data flow and device operation.
    • Memory & I/O Timings: Specify access times, setup & hold times for data and address signals.

    Instruction Set of 8085

    • Data Transfer Instructions: Move data between registers and memory locations.
    • Arithmetic Instructions: Perform arithmetic operations (add, subtract, increment, decrement).
    • Logical Instructions: Perform logical operations (AND, OR, XOR, NOT).
    • Control Transfer Instructions: Alter the flow of program execution (jumps, calls, returns).
    • Input/Output Instructions: Interact with input/output devices.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the architecture of the 8085 microprocessor, including its addressable memory, data bus, and functional units like the ALU. This quiz covers important concepts such as arithmetic and logical operations performed by the ALU. Challenge yourself with questions on this foundational microprocessor technology!

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