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Questions and Answers

What does the suffix -algia mean?

pain and suffering

What does the suffix -dynia mean?

pain

What does the suffix -itis indicate?

inflammation

What does the suffix -malacia mean?

abnormal softening Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix -megaly signify?

enlargement Signup and view all the answers

What does the term necrosis refer to?

tissue death Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix -sclerosis mean?

abnormal hardening Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix -stenosis imply?

abnormal narrowing Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix -centesis mean?

surgical puncture to remove fluid Signup and view all the answers

What does -graphy refer to in medical terminology?

process of producing a picture or record Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix -gram mean?

picture or record Signup and view all the answers

What does -plasty mean?

surgical repair Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix -scopy indicate?

visual examination Signup and view all the answers

What do the suffixes -rrhage & -rrhagia refer to?

bleeding Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix -rrhaphy mean?

surgical suturing to close a wound Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix -rrhea indicate?

flow or discharge Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix -rrhexis refer to?

rupture Signup and view all the answers

What does the prefix pre- mean?

before Signup and view all the answers

What does the prefix post- imply?

after Signup and view all the answers

What does the prefix ab- mean?

away from Signup and view all the answers

What does the prefix ad- signify?

toward or in the direction of Signup and view all the answers

What does the prefix dys- mean?

bad, difficult, or painful Signup and view all the answers

What does the prefix eu- mean?

good, normal, well, or easy Signup and view all the answers

What does the prefix hyper- indicate?

excessive or increased Signup and view all the answers

What does the prefix hypo- mean?

deficient or decreased Signup and view all the answers

What does the prefix inter- signify?

between or among Signup and view all the answers

What does the prefix intra- mean?

within or inside Signup and view all the answers

What does the prefix sub- indicate?

under, less, or below Signup and view all the answers

What does the prefix super- or supra- mean?

above or excessive Signup and view all the answers

The plural form of a singular term that ends in -a typically ends in _____.

ae Signup and view all the answers

The plural form of a singular term that ends in -ex or -ix typically ends in _____.

ices Signup and view all the answers

The plural form of a singular term that ends in -is typically ends in _____.

es Signup and view all the answers

The plural form of a singular term that ends in -itis typically ends in _____.

ides Signup and view all the answers

The plural form of a singular term that ends in -nx typically ends in _____.

ges Signup and view all the answers

The plural form of a singular term that ends in -on typically ends in _____.

a Signup and view all the answers

The plural form of a singular term that ends in -um typically ends in _____.

a Signup and view all the answers

What is the plural form of a singular term that ends in -us?

i (with exceptions) Signup and view all the answers

What does the term arteri/o refer to?

artery Signup and view all the answers

What does the term arther/o mean?

plague or fatty substance Signup and view all the answers

What does the term arthr/o refer to?

joint Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix -ectomy mean?

surgical removal Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix -ostomy indicate?

surgical creation of an artificial opening Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix -otomy mean?

cutting or surgical incision Signup and view all the answers

What does the term fissure refer to?

groove or crack-like sore of the skin Signup and view all the answers

What does the term fistula mean?

abnormal passage Signup and view all the answers

What does the term infection refer to?

invasion of the body by a pathogenic organism Signup and view all the answers

What does inflammation refer to?

localized response to an injury or destruction of tissues Signup and view all the answers

What does malaise mean?

feeling of general discomfort Signup and view all the answers

What does the term laceration refer to?

torn or jagged wound Signup and view all the answers

What does the term lesion mean?

pathologic change of the tissue due to disease or injury Signup and view all the answers

What does the term myc/o refer to?

fungus Signup and view all the answers

What does the term myel/o refer to?

bone marrow or spinal cord Signup and view all the answers

What does the term my/o signify?

muscle Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix -ologist indicate?

specialist Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix -ology mean?

study of Signup and view all the answers

What does the term palpation refer to?

examination technique Signup and view all the answers

What does the term palpitation mean?

pounding or racing heart Signup and view all the answers

What does the term py/o refer to?

pus Signup and view all the answers

What does the term pyr/o mean?

fever or fire Signup and view all the answers

What does the term supination refer to?

act of rotating the arm so that the palm faces anteriorly Signup and view all the answers

What does the term suppuration describe?

formation or discharge of pus Signup and view all the answers

What does the term triage mean?

medical screening of patients to determine need Signup and view all the answers

What does the term trauma refer to?

wound or injury Signup and view all the answers

What does the term viral denote?

pertaining to a virus Signup and view all the answers

What does the term virile mean?

having the nature, properties, or qualities of an adult male Signup and view all the answers

What does the term sign mean?

objective evidence of a disease Signup and view all the answers

What does the term symptom mean?

subjective evidence of a disease Signup and view all the answers

What does the term syndrome refer to?

set of signs and symptoms occurring together Signup and view all the answers

What does the term diagnosis mean?

identification of a disease Signup and view all the answers

What does the term prognosis refer to?

prediction of the course or outcome of a disorder/disease Signup and view all the answers

What does the term acute indicate?

condition with rapid onset, severe course, short duration Signup and view all the answers

What does the term chronic mean?

condition of long duration Signup and view all the answers

What does remission mean?

temporary, partial, or complete disappearance of symptoms without a cure Signup and view all the answers

What does the term eponym mean?

disease, structure, operation, or procedure named for the discoverer Signup and view all the answers

What does the term acronym mean?

word formed from the initial letter of the major parts of a compound word Signup and view all the answers

What does the term abdominocentesis breakdown to?

abdomin/o = abdomen; -centesis = surgical puncture to remove fluid Signup and view all the answers

What does the term abdominocentesis mean?

the surgical puncture of the abdominal cavity to remove fluid Signup and view all the answers

What does the term angiography breakdown to?

angi/o = blood vessel; -graphy = the process of recording Signup and view all the answers

What does the term angiography mean?

the process of producing a radiographic (x-ray) study of blood vessels Signup and view all the answers

What does the term appendectomy breakdown to?

append = appendix; -ectomy = surgical removal Signup and view all the answers

What does the term appendectomy mean?

the surgical removal of the appendix Signup and view all the answers

What does the term arteriosclerosis breakdown to?

ateri/o = artery; -sclerosis = abnormal hardening Signup and view all the answers

What does the term arteriosclerosis mean?

abnormal hardening of the walls of an artery or arteries Signup and view all the answers

What does the term arthralgia breakdown to?

arthr = joints; -algia = pain Signup and view all the answers

What does the term arthralgia mean?

pain in a joint or joints Signup and view all the answers

What does the term colostomy breakdown to?

col = colon; -ostomy = the surgical creation of an artificial opening Signup and view all the answers

What does the term colostomy mean?

the surgical creation of an artificial opening between the colon and the body surface Signup and view all the answers

What does the term dermatologist breakdown to?

derma = skin; -ologist = specialist Signup and view all the answers

What does the term dermatologist mean?

a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the skin Signup and view all the answers

What does the term diarrhea breakdown to?

dia- = through; -rrhea = flow or discharge Signup and view all the answers

What does the term diarrhea mean?

frequent flow of loose or watery stools Signup and view all the answers

What does the term edema mean?

swelling caused by an abnormal accumulation of fluid Signup and view all the answers

What does the term endarterial breakdown to?

end- = within; arteri = artery; -al = pertaining to Signup and view all the answers

What does the term endarterial mean?

pertaining to the interior or lining of an artery Signup and view all the answers

What does the term erythrocyte breakdown to?

erythr/o = red; -cyte = cell Signup and view all the answers

What does the term erythrocyte mean?

a mature red blood cell Signup and view all the answers

What does the term gastralgia breakdown to?

gastr = stomach; -algia = pain and suffering Signup and view all the answers

What does the term gastralgia mean?

pain in the stomach, aka stomachache Signup and view all the answers

What does the term gastritis breakdown to?

gastr = stomach; -itis = inflammation Signup and view all the answers

What does the term gastritis mean?

inflammation of the stomach Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Medical Terminology Roots and Suffixes

-algia: Refers to pain and suffering.
-dynia: Represents general pain.
-itis: Indicates inflammation of a tissue or organ.
-malacia: Denotes abnormal softening of a tissue.
-megaly: Signifies enlargement of an organ or body part.
-necrosis: Refers to death of tissue.
-sclerosis: Indicates abnormal hardening of a tissue.
-stenosis: Refers to abnormal narrowing of a structure.
-centesis: Surgical puncture to remove fluid.
-graphy: Process of producing a picture or record of the body.
-gram: Refers to a picture or record produced during a medical test.
-plasty: Surgical repair or reconstruction of a tissue or organ.
-scopy: Visual examination of a body part.
-rrhage & -rrhagia: Terms for bleeding.
-rrhaphy: Surgical suturing to close a wound.
-rrhea: Flow or discharge from a body part.
-rrhexis: Indicates rupture of a part.

Prefixes Indicating Position or Condition

pre-: Means before in time or position.
post-: Means after in time or position.
ab-: Indicates movement away from a reference point.
ad-: Refers to movement towards a reference point.
dys-: Indicates bad, difficult, or painful conditions.
eu-: Denotes good, normal, or well conditions.
hyper-: Signals excessive or increased conditions.
hypo-: Indicates deficient or decreased conditions.
inter-: Means between or among.
intra-: Refers to within or inside.
sub-: Indicates under, less, or below.
super-, supra-: Means above or excessive.

Pluralization Rules in Medical Terminology

Singular terms ending in -a pluralize to -ae (Latin).
Singular terms ending in -ex or -ix pluralize to -ices (Latin).
Singular terms ending in -is pluralize to -es (Latin).
Singular terms ending in -itis pluralize to -ides (Greek).
Singular terms ending in -nx pluralize to -ges (Greek).
Singular terms ending in -on pluralize to -a (Greek).
Singular terms ending in -um pluralize to -a (Latin).
Singular terms ending in -us pluralize to -i with exceptions, including fetus (fetuses), virus (viruses), sinus (sinuses).

Medical Terms and Definitions

arteri/o: Refers to the artery.
arterh/o: Indicates plague or fatty substance.
arthr/o: Relates to joint structure.
-ectomy: Surgical removal of a body part.
-ostomy: Surgical creation of an artificial opening to a body surface.
-otomy: Refers to a cutting or surgical incision.
fissure: Represents a groove or crack-like sore of the skin.
fistula: Abnormal passage between two organs or vessels.
infection: Invasion of the body by pathogenic organisms.
inflammation: Localized response to injury or tissue destruction.
malaise: General discomfort or unease.
laceration: A torn or jagged wound.
lesion: Pathologic tissue change due to disease or injury.

Other Key Medical Terminology

myc/o: Refers to fungus.
myel/o: Indicates bone marrow or spinal cord.
my/o: Relates to muscle tissue.
-ologist: Specialist in a field of study.
-ology: Study of a specific subject.
palpation: Examination technique to feel the body.
palpitation: Pounding or racing heartbeat.
py/o: Refers to pus.
pyr/o: Indicates fever or fire.

Clinical Terms

supination: Rotating the arm so the palm faces anteriorly.
suppuration: Process of pus formation or discharge.
triage: Medical screening of patients to determine care needs.
trauma: Refers to a wound or injury.
viral: Related to a virus.
virile: Qualities of an adult male.
sign: Objective evidence of a disease.
symptom: Subjective evidence of a disease.
syndrome: Set of signs and symptoms occurring together.
diagnosis: Identification of a disease.
prognosis: Prediction of the course of a disease.
acute: Rapid onset, severe course, short duration.
chronic: Condition of long duration.
remission: Temporary reduction or disappearance of symptoms.

Specific Medical Procedures

abdominocentesis: Surgical puncture of the abdominal cavity to remove fluid.
angiography: Radiographic study of blood vessels after contrast medium injection.
appendectomy: Surgical removal of the appendix.
arteriosclerosis: Abnormal hardening of artery walls.
arthralgia: Pain in a joint or joints.
colostomy: Creation of an artificial opening between the colon and body surface.
dermatologist: Physician specializing in skin disorders.
diarrhea: Frequent discharge of loose or watery stools.
edema: Swelling due to fluid accumulation.
endarterial: Pertaining to the interior of an artery.
erythrocyte: Mature red blood cell.
gastralgia: Pain in the stomach (stomach ache).
gastritis: Inflammation of the stomach.

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