Sub acute Ortho content for final

A written assessment using cases, images, and videos, focusing on evidence-based management plans.

Management plans based on scientific evidence and best practice guidelines.

Problems in body function/structure, activity, and participation, respectively.

Measurements and observations of a patient's condition.

Surgical treatment for anterior cruciate ligament injuries.

Injury to the meniscus, a cartilage pad in the knee.

A break in the ankle bone(s).

A tear in the Achilles tendon.

Osteoarthritis in the hip or knee.

A break in the hip bone.

Surgical procedure on the spine, often for conditions like spinal stenosis.

Surgical repair or treatment of a shoulder condition, like rotator cuff tears.

A comparison of surgical and non-surgical approaches to treatment.

Referring a patient to a medical doctor for further evaluation or treatment.

Physical therapy and exercise following a surgical procedure.

Reasons or criteria for recommending surgical intervention.

An unstable ankle fracture involving the syndesmosis.

An Achilles tendon tear at its connection point to the heel bone.

Factors that absolutely require a total hip replacement (e.g.severe hip pain, etc).

Factors influencing the type of treatment for a non-displaced hip fracture (e.g. age, displacement).

A serious condition where compression of the spinal cord in the neck worsens.

Surgery to permanently join two or more vertebrae in the lower back.

A shoulder injury involving the rotator cuff that is not caused by trauma (e.g. degenerative).

Rehabilitation phases for a severe Achilles tendon tear, focusing on controlled progression.

Conditions that increase the chance of injuring the anterior cruciate ligament in the knee.

Surgical removal of damaged meniscus cartilage in the knee.

Surgical repair of a damaged meniscus in the knee.

ACL repair using tissue from the patient's own body.

ACL repair using tissue from a donor.

A stable ankle fracture, typically not requiring casting.

An ankle fracture requiring specific weight-bearing protocols (e.g. NWB or PWB).

Comparison of surgical and non-surgical treatments for a grade 3 Achilles tendon rupture.

Conditions that increase the risk of developing hip osteoarthritis.

Pre-Sx assessment, including baseline measurements, medical history, contraindications, weight-bearing status, vital signs, pain tolerance, and medications, is crucial for determining appropriate post-surgical care

Conservative management (casting) is typical for extrascapular femoral fractures, but surgery may be necessary if the fracture is displaced or the patient cannot follow post-operative precautions.

Modern evidence suggests early surgical intervention for hip fractures is preferable to traction, as traction has limited effectiveness.

Low-moderate intensity exercise (walking, swimming) is advised after TKR to enhance strength and enable patients to resume normal activities. Running, contact sports, and heavy lifting should be avoided.

Surgical TKR, combined with physical therapy, is more effective than physical therapy alone, specifically for moderate to severe osteoarthritis, but has a greater risk of adverse effects.

Conservative approaches for knee osteoarthritis, not accompanied by comorbidities, encompass biomechanical interventions, intra-articular corticosteroids, topical NSAIDs, walking aids, selective NSAIDs, and paracetamol.

Post-ACDF surgery precautions include using a cervical collar (if prescribed), avoiding lifting heavy objects, strenuous exercise, or getting the surgical site wet until healed.

ACDF (anterior cervical discectomy and fusion) may be indicated for cervical radiculopathy, if conservative treatment (at least 6 weeks) fails, or in case of progressive neurological deficits.

Bone healing time is affected by smoking, age, nutrition, comorbidities (like diabetes), steroid use, and radiation/chemotherapy.

Post-LSF (lumbar fusion surgery) precautions include limitations on bending, lifting, twisting, prolonged sitting, pushing, pulling, driving, lasting for 6 weeks.

Use the BRP (bend, roll, push) technique to assist with pain-free movement when struggling during rehabilitation.

Red flags like cauda equina syndrome (Urinary retention, anal sphincter tone), pseudoarthrosis, infection, and severe radiating low back pain prompt urgency for referral and testing.

Surgical (LSF) and conservative management (physical therapy/medication/activity modification) are both options for spinal stenosis; however, surgery might yield better outcomes in certain situations.

0-4 weeks post-moderate RC repair (deltoid entry), avoid pushing/pulling/lifting, overhead activities, and forceful deltoid contractions. 5-8 weeks: avoid heavy lifting/carrying, excessive overhead motion. 8+ weeks: no resisted exercises for a longer time.

Rotator cuff injuries are categorized into four types: referred pain (from other sources), stiffness (e.g., frozen shoulder), instability (like subluxation or dislocation), and problems with supporting tissues (tendons, bursae).