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Questions and Answers

What is the median age of onset for panic disorder?

  • Mid-teens
  • 20 to 24 years (correct)
  • 30 to 35 years
  • 40 years and older
  • Which demographic is more likely to suffer from agoraphobia?

  • Men
  • Elderly
  • Children
  • Women (correct)
  • What is a common psychological vulnerability in individuals with panic disorder?

  • Interpreting normal sensations as dangerous (correct)
  • Failure to cope with stress
  • Neglect of dietary habits
  • Avoidance of social situations
  • What time of night are panic attacks most likely to occur?

    <p>1:30 a.m. to 3:30 a.m.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of medications is often used to treat panic disorder?

    <p>Selective-serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has been suggested as a psychodynamic cause for the development of panic disorder and agoraphobia?

    <p>Early object loss and separation anxiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the cultural aspect influence the reporting of panic disorder symptoms?

    <p>Women are generally more accepted to report fear.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one psychological theory about the cause of anxiety disorders?

    <p>Anxiety results from early classical conditioning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of people with panic disorder have experienced nocturnal attacks?

    <p>60%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of patients with panic disorder have reportedly attempted suicide according to the study?

    <p>20%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is associated with panic attacks according to the DSM-5?

    <p>Certain medical conditions such as cardio and gastrointestinal disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) more prominently than panic disorder?

    <p>Excessive anxiety and worry for more than 6 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How might a secure home environment impact a child's development in relation to anxiety?

    <p>Helps develop a healthy sense of control.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which demographic is most commonly affected by Generalized Anxiety Disorder according to clinical samples?

    <p>Primarily females.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What physical symptoms can be associated with panic disorder?

    <p>Palpitations, perspiration, and trembling.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do stressful life events play in relation to anxiety disorders?

    <p>They trigger vulnerabilities to anxiety.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant predictor of suicidal attempts in individuals with PTSD?

    <p>Intensity of exposure to assaultive violence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is suggested to increase the risk of developing PTSD after a traumatic event?

    <p>Minimal education</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurobiological system is indicated to be involved in PTSD?

    <p>Hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenocortical (HPA) axis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What coping strategy is associated with a lower likelihood of developing PTSD after trauma?

    <p>Active problem solving</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary aim of psychoanalytic therapy in the context of trauma?

    <p>Reliving emotional trauma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gene characteristic is associated with an increased probability of depression, relevant to PTSD?

    <p>Two short alleles (SS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does support from loved ones affect children during stress, according to the studies?

    <p>It reduces cortisol secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to the systematic process of processing trauma and associated emotions in therapy?

    <p>Imaginal exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primary treatment approach is often recommended to prevent future episodes of mood disorders?

    <p>Therapeutic resolution of distressing situations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining characteristic of a major depressive episode according to the DSM-5?

    <p>It presents with severe cognitive and physical symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During therapy for those experiencing fugue states, what method is often used to help patients recall their memories?

    <p>Hypnosis and help from friends or family</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What types of symptoms are considered central indicators of a major depressive episode?

    <p>Physical changes including altered sleeping and appetite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the classification of mood disorders change with the publication of the DSM-III?

    <p>They were broadly categorized under mood disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment method is considered effective in accessing traumatic memories during therapy?

    <p>Hypnosis and benzodiazepines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What physical symptoms are typically associated with a major depressive episode?

    <p>Significant weight changes and sleep disturbances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does hypnosis play in the treatment of dissociative disorders?

    <p>It can help bring various alters into awareness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern in illness anxiety disorder?

    <p>Worrying about developing a serious disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one potential mechanism through which exercise may contribute to successful psychological treatments for depression?

    <p>Increases neurogenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes somatic symptom disorder from illness anxiety disorder?

    <p>Severe physical symptoms are experienced</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common comorbidity with somatic symptom disorders?

    <p>Anxiety or mood disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What concept describes the perception of having no control over stressors in one's life, leading to anxiety and depression?

    <p>Learned helplessness theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following refers to attributing negative events to personal failings, which is a characteristic of the depressive attributional style?

    <p>Internal attribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is 'disease conviction' related to illness anxiety disorder?

    <p>It is a core feature indicating belief in illness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of arbitrary inference in a depressed individual?

    <p>Feeling responsible for two students falling asleep in class</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated prevalence of illness anxiety disorder?

    <p>1% to 5%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of overgeneralization in a depressed person's thinking?

    <p>Assuming one failure leads to future failures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what stage in life does illness anxiety disorder typically onset?

    <p>During adolescence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of symptoms do patients with panic disorder primarily fear?

    <p>Immediate symptoms during panic attacks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one major event that could contribute to the onset of depression?

    <p>Graduating from college and starting a career</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In depression, how does a stable attribution work?

    <p>Attributing negative events to ongoing personal failings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of individuals primarily seeks medical attention in both illness anxiety disorder and somatic symptom disorder?

    <p>Family physicians</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Aaron T. Beck, what thinking pattern is common among depressed individuals?

    <p>They engage in negative interpretations of everyday events</p> Signup and view all the answers

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