Podcast
Questions and Answers
List the 3 parts of the cardiovascular system.
List the 3 parts of the cardiovascular system.
Heart, Blood Vessels, & Blood
Know 3 functions of the cardiovascular system.
Know 3 functions of the cardiovascular system.
Provides cells with oxygen & nutrients, Helps dispose of metabolic wastes, Helps fight infection
How many liters of blood are in the human body?
How many liters of blood are in the human body?
5 liters
Compare the blood flow of 3 types of circulation: coronary, pulmonary, systemic.
Compare the blood flow of 3 types of circulation: coronary, pulmonary, systemic.
How many chambers does the human heart have?
How many chambers does the human heart have?
Why does the left side of the heart pump six times harder than the right side?
Why does the left side of the heart pump six times harder than the right side?
Identify the largest artery in the human body.
Identify the largest artery in the human body.
List and describe the 3 types of blood vessels (A > C > V).
List and describe the 3 types of blood vessels (A > C > V).
Why are arteries thicker than veins?
Why are arteries thicker than veins?
Why is the capillary only one layer thick?
Why is the capillary only one layer thick?
Explain why veins have valves, but arteries do not.
Explain why veins have valves, but arteries do not.
How many miles of blood vessels are in the human body?
How many miles of blood vessels are in the human body?
What is a normal blood pressure?
What is a normal blood pressure?
Why does your pulse rate increase with physical activity?
Why does your pulse rate increase with physical activity?
Know the 4 components of blood.
Know the 4 components of blood.
Why is plasma 90% water?
Why is plasma 90% water?
How do platelets keep a severed blood vessel from continuously bleeding?
How do platelets keep a severed blood vessel from continuously bleeding?
How are cardiovascular & skeletal systems interrelated?
How are cardiovascular & skeletal systems interrelated?
Why does a red blood cell have 300 million hemoglobin molecules on it?
Why does a red blood cell have 300 million hemoglobin molecules on it?
How many white blood cells are there for every 500-1000 red blood cells?
How many white blood cells are there for every 500-1000 red blood cells?
Identify the proteins made by erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets.
Identify the proteins made by erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets.
Describe hypertension & the lifestyle choices that contribute to it.
Describe hypertension & the lifestyle choices that contribute to it.
Describe atherosclerosis & the lifestyle choices that contribute to it.
Describe atherosclerosis & the lifestyle choices that contribute to it.
How are the digestive & respiratory systems related to the cardiovascular system?
How are the digestive & respiratory systems related to the cardiovascular system?
Name the main organs of the respiratory system.
Name the main organs of the respiratory system.
Know the 2 functions of the respiratory system.
Know the 2 functions of the respiratory system.
What is the pathway air takes to get into the lungs?
What is the pathway air takes to get into the lungs?
Identify the flap of tissue that covers the trachea to prevent us from choking.
Identify the flap of tissue that covers the trachea to prevent us from choking.
Where does gas exchange occur in the lungs?
Where does gas exchange occur in the lungs?
What is the process that enables body cells to burn food and release energy?
What is the process that enables body cells to burn food and release energy?
How many alveoli are in each lung?
How many alveoli are in each lung?
What could our lungs cover if spread one layer thick?
What could our lungs cover if spread one layer thick?
What is the advantage of breathing through your nose?
What is the advantage of breathing through your nose?
How many breaths do we take per minute?
How many breaths do we take per minute?
Describe the mechanics of breathing (inhalation & exhalation).
Describe the mechanics of breathing (inhalation & exhalation).
What is another name for your throat?
What is another name for your throat?
What is another name for your voice box?
What is another name for your voice box?
Why is the surface area of the lungs so great?
Why is the surface area of the lungs so great?
How are the respiratory and circulatory systems interrelated?
How are the respiratory and circulatory systems interrelated?
Identify some respiratory conditions/diseases.
Identify some respiratory conditions/diseases.
List the main organs of the digestive system.
List the main organs of the digestive system.
List the 3 major functions of the digestive system.
List the 3 major functions of the digestive system.
About how long is our digestive tract?
About how long is our digestive tract?
What is the pathway food takes from the mouth to the anus?
What is the pathway food takes from the mouth to the anus?
Where does digestion begin?
Where does digestion begin?
Compare chemical & mechanical digestion. Where do they occur?
Compare chemical & mechanical digestion. Where do they occur?
Explain why we can do a handstand and digestion (peristalsis) will still continue.
Explain why we can do a handstand and digestion (peristalsis) will still continue.
How often is the mucus lining the stomach wall replaced?
How often is the mucus lining the stomach wall replaced?
Why is the stomach lined with mucus?
Why is the stomach lined with mucus?
How big is your stomach?
How big is your stomach?
How does the small intestine's length (21 feet) help with absorption of nutrients?
How does the small intestine's length (21 feet) help with absorption of nutrients?
What in the small intestine contain capillaries, which take nutrients to the bloodstream?
What in the small intestine contain capillaries, which take nutrients to the bloodstream?
What is the function of the large intestine?
What is the function of the large intestine?
How are the digestive & circulatory systems related?
How are the digestive & circulatory systems related?
Know the reactants and products of cellular respiration.
Know the reactants and products of cellular respiration.
What organelle in our body cells perform cellular respiration?
What organelle in our body cells perform cellular respiration?
Study Notes
Cardiovascular System
- Key components include the heart, blood vessels, and blood.
- Primary functions: supplying oxygen and nutrients, disposing of metabolic wastes, and fighting infections.
- Average blood volume in a human body is approximately 5 liters.
Types of Circulation
- Coronary Circulation: Blood flow specifically to the heart muscle.
- Pulmonary Circulation: Transfers deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation and returns oxygenated blood back to the heart.
- Systemic Circulation: Delivers oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body and returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
Heart Structure and Function
- The human heart has 4 chambers (2 atria and 2 ventricles).
- The left side of the heart pumps blood with significantly more force to supply the entire body.
- The largest artery in the body is the aorta.
Blood Vessels
- Arteries: Thicker walls, carry oxygenated blood away from the heart, can withstand high pressure.
- Capillaries: Smallest blood vessels, site of gas exchange; their thin walls enable easy diffusion of gases and nutrients.
- Veins: Thinner walls, carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart, contain valves to prevent backflow.
Blood Composition
- Blood consists of erythrocytes (red blood cells), leukocytes (white blood cells), thrombocytes (platelets), and plasma.
- Plasma is 90% water, aiding in nutrient transport and maintaining fluid balance.
Platelets and Clotting
- Platelets initiate blood clotting by aggregating at injury sites to prevent excessive bleeding.
Relationships with Other Systems
- Bone marrow produces red blood cells, highlighting the link between skeletal and cardiovascular systems.
- Hemoglobin molecules on red blood cells facilitate oxygen transport.
Health Conditions
- Hypertension: High blood pressure linked to lifestyle factors like diet, exercise, and stress.
- Atherosclerosis: Fatty plaque buildup in arteries can lead to heart disease.
Respiratory System
- Main organs include the lungs, trachea, bronchi, and diaphragm.
- Functions of respiration: intake of oxygen and expulsion of carbon dioxide.
- Air pathway: Pharynx → Larynx → Trachea → Bronchus → Bronchiole → Alveolus → Lung.
Gas Exchange
- Occurs between alveoli and capillaries in the lungs, enabling oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide removal.
Breathing Mechanics
- Inhalation involves diaphragm contraction, while exhalation is characterized by diaphragm relaxation and upward movement.
Digestive System
- Key organs: salivary glands, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, liver, gallbladder, pancreas.
- Major functions include breaking down food, nutrient absorption, and waste elimination.
Digestion Process
- Begins in the mouth and involves both mechanical (physical breakdown) and chemical (nutrient conversion) digestion.
- The digestive tract is approximately 33 feet long.
Nutrient Absorption
- The small intestine's inner folds, lined with villi, enhance nutrient absorption through increased surface area.
Cellular Respiration
- Takes place primarily in mitochondria; requires oxygen and glucose to produce ATP, with carbon dioxide and water as waste products.
Interrelation of Systems
- The cardiovascular system circulates nutrients from digestion and oxygen from respiration throughout the body, illustrating an interconnected bodily function.
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Description
Test your knowledge of the cardiovascular, respiratory, and digestive systems with this study guide flashcard quiz. Each card covers essential facts and functions, including the components of the cardiovascular system and its vital roles in the human body.
