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Questions and Answers
Which of these is not included in the Natural Hair Care procedures?
Which of these is not included in the Natural Hair Care procedures?
Natural Hair Care requires formal education for certification.
Natural Hair Care requires formal education for certification.
False
What is the primary function of hair?
What is the primary function of hair?
To insulate the body from heat and cold and to protect the head from injury and physical trauma.
What does the hair bulb do?
What does the hair bulb do?
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Match the following hair growth cycles with their descriptions:
Match the following hair growth cycles with their descriptions:
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What is trichoptilosis?
What is trichoptilosis?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of high porosity hair?
Which of the following is a characteristic of high porosity hair?
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Alopecia Totalis refers to partial hair loss.
Alopecia Totalis refers to partial hair loss.
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Which ingredient is most commonly found in shampoos?
Which ingredient is most commonly found in shampoos?
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The three common layers of the hair shaft are ___, ___, and ___.
The three common layers of the hair shaft are ___, ___, and ___.
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What does seborrheic dermatitis affect?
What does seborrheic dermatitis affect?
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Which of the following are fields of practice governed by the Board of Cosmetology? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following are fields of practice governed by the Board of Cosmetology? (Select all that apply)
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A Practitioner Certificate is valid for three years.
A Practitioner Certificate is valid for three years.
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How long is a Freelance Authorization valid?
How long is a Freelance Authorization valid?
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What is the function of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)?
What is the function of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)?
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What must a practitioner do to maintain a clean working environment? (Select all that apply)
What must a practitioner do to maintain a clean working environment? (Select all that apply)
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What is required if a licensed facility is located in a residence?
What is required if a licensed facility is located in a residence?
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A __________ Certificate is necessary for a practitioner to perform services in a licensed facility.
A __________ Certificate is necessary for a practitioner to perform services in a licensed facility.
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Match each license or authorization with its description:
Match each license or authorization with its description:
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A freelance authorization holder must display their certificate and authorization number on all advertising.
A freelance authorization holder must display their certificate and authorization number on all advertising.
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What are cationics primarily made of?
What are cationics primarily made of?
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What characteristic makes manionics suitable for cleansing?
What characteristic makes manionics suitable for cleansing?
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Ampholytes are known to strip natural oils from hair and scalp.
Ampholytes are known to strip natural oils from hair and scalp.
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What do low pH shampoos aim to treat?
What do low pH shampoos aim to treat?
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Medicated shampoos contain special active ingredients that are effective in reducing __________.
Medicated shampoos contain special active ingredients that are effective in reducing __________.
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What are esthetic shampoos primarily designed to do?
What are esthetic shampoos primarily designed to do?
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What ingredients do herbal or organic shampoos avoid?
What ingredients do herbal or organic shampoos avoid?
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Co-washing uses shampoo as an alternative technique.
Co-washing uses shampoo as an alternative technique.
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What do acid rinses help restore in hair?
What do acid rinses help restore in hair?
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What are instant conditioners designed to do?
What are instant conditioners designed to do?
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What type of wig has an elasticized mesh-fiber base?
What type of wig has an elasticized mesh-fiber base?
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What is a major disadvantage of synthetic hair?
What is a major disadvantage of synthetic hair?
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The __________ facial type is very long and narrow with small, hollow cheekbones.
The __________ facial type is very long and narrow with small, hollow cheekbones.
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What can excessive use of hair extensions lead to?
What can excessive use of hair extensions lead to?
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Study Notes
Natural Hair Care Legislation
- House Bill 3409 in 2013 established Natural Hair Care as a recognized field under the Board of Cosmetology.
- Senate Bill 422 in 2019 expanded the scope of Natural Hair Care to include shampooing and conditioning.
Procedures Included in Natural Hair Care
- Natural Hair Care encompasses various techniques:
- Braiding
- Weaving
- Cornrowing
- Wrapping
- Extending
- Customized wigs
- Hair extensions
- Locking
- Sewing
- Twisting
- Shampooing
- Conditioning
Prohibitions in Natural Hair Care
- Prohibited techniques involve chemical treatments, such as:
- Hair coloring
- Hair straightening
- Permanent waves
- Hair bleaching
- Other chemical treatments
Certification Requirements
- No formal schooling is required to obtain Natural Hair Care certification.
- Completion of a training module and passing a state-written examination is essential.
Definition and Structure of Natural (Human) Hair
- Natural hair is an epidermal growth, consisting of protein and keratinized cells.
- Hair serves as insulation and protection for the head.
Hair Structure
- Mature hair comprises two main parts: the Hair Root and Hair Shaft.
Hair Root Components
- Contains five key parts:
- Follicle: Determines texture and curl.
- Arrector Pili Muscle: Responds to temperature and emotions.
- Sebaceous Glands: Produce sebum for moisture.
- Hair Bulb: Enlarged base, covering the dermal papilla.
- Dermal Papilla: Rich in blood supply, vital for growth.
Hair Shaft Composition
- Composed of three layers:
- Cuticle: Outer layer, protects the hair.
- Cortex: Thickest layer, provides color, strength, and moisture.
- Medulla: Innermost core, varies between hair types.
Hair Growth Cycles
- Hair growth occurs in three phases:
- Anagen: Active growth phase lasting up to seven years.
- Catagen: Transition phase lasting about two weeks, where growth ceases.
- Telogen: Shedding phase lasting up to four months.
Hair Characteristics
- Hair varies by type (straight, wavy, curly, kinky) and texture, which includes:
- Diameter: Size of hair strands.
- Porosity: Hair's ability to absorb moisture.
- Elasticity: Hair's capacity to stretch and recover without breaking.
Regional Differences in Hair Texture
- The cranium's bone structure affects hair texture:
- Occipital: Tighter coils, more prone to brittleness.
- Parietal: Diverse textures with high variance.
- Frontal: Hair varies in texture, influenced by frontal muscles.
- Temporal: Soft, fine coils with varying patterns.
Diseases and Disorders
- Conditions affecting hair can be infectious or autoimmune. Symptoms vary, and medical advice may be necessary.
-
Fungal Infections:
- Tinea Capitis: Leads to hair brittleness and loss.
- Tinea Favosa: Causes crusted lesions and bald patches.
-
Parasites:
- Pediculosis Capitis: Head lice causing itching and infection.
- Scabies: Mites causing inflammation and possible infection.
Dermatitis and Other Disorders
- Seborrheic Dermatitis: Inflammation of sebaceous glands leading to red, itchy patches.
- Psoriasis: Autoimmune skin condition resulting in scaly patches.
- Pityriasis: Dandruff caused by a fungal infection, leading to irritation.
- Alopecia Types: Various forms lead to hair loss, characterized by differing patterns and causes, notably androgenetic alopecia and traction alopecia.
Canities and Other Hair Conditions
- Canities refers to gray hair, caused by a loss of melanin, with congenital and acquired forms.
- Trichoptilosis: Split ends indicative of damage within the hair structure.
- Trichorrhexis Nodosa: Knotted, brittle hair resulting from structural weakness in hair fibers.
Shampoo Basics
- Shampooing removes dirt and oil from hair and scalp.
- Critical to select shampoos based on their chemical and botanical ingredients, considering pH levels.
Shampoo Ingredients
- A typical shampoo contains:
- Water: Main ingredient, often purified.
- Base Detergent: Surfactants that cleanse hair.
- Complementary Ingredients: Additives such as moisturizers and proteins.
Shampoo Classifications
- Five main types of shampoos:
- Detergent
- Mild (low) pH
- Medicated
- Protein/conditioning
- Herbal/organic
Detergent Characteristics
- Anionic: High-foaming, but can strip natural oils.
- Cationic: Antibacterial properties, often found in dandruff shampoos.
- Mild detergents: Gentle on the scalp.
- Medicated: Specifically designed for scalp treatment.
- Protein/conditioning shampoos: Gentle, meant to nourish and protect hair without stripping oils.### Classifications of Hair Products
- Protein, conditioning, and moisturizing shampoos form a moisture-conserving film on hair while providing UV protection.
- Herbal or organic shampoos avoid detergents, often utilizing castile or black soaps mixed with moisturizing herbs to enhance hair health.
- Co-washing employs conditioner as an alternative to shampoo, promoting moisture retention without thorough cleansing.
Conditioners
- Conditioners consist of distilled water mixed with mild acids, herbal extracts, or oils for managing, strengthening, and cleansing hair.
- Acid rinses restore pH balance, remove product buildup, and seal nutrients, utilizing citric and vinegar-based acids.
- Cream rinses focus on softening hair and detangling, but improper use can result in residue and buildup.
- Leave-in conditioners aid in hydration, protection, and detangling, with cream varieties providing extra moisture.
- Herbal rinses nourish the scalp and hair while addressing specific issues such as hair loss or dandruff.
- Instant conditioners give temporary softness and sheen but may harbor damaging ingredients; intended for quick use.
- Moisturizing conditioners counteract drying effects of harsh detergents and work more effectively with heat.
- Cold water conditioning seals moisture by closing cuticles, preventing frizz.
Toxic Chemicals in Hair Products
- Common harmful ingredients include parabens (linked to cancer), 1,4 Dioxane (carcinogenic), selenium sulfide (toxic), and phthalates (impact reproductive health).
Hair Styles and Techniques
- Natural hair care includes protective styles that can prevent discomfort when applied correctly.
- Damage can result from improper tension, excessive extensions, or prolonged braid usage.
- Weaves augment existing hair for volume or coverage; extensions can enhance length, texture, and color.
- Natural hair offers durability but is susceptible to fading and requires gentle handling to avoid damage.
- Synthetic hair provides cost-effective, durable options but cannot withstand heat and may look unnatural if shiny.
Hair Styling Techniques
- Various styles include Afros, braids (single, cornrow, and casamas), coiled styles, locs, and twists (Bantu knots, flat twists).
- Flexi-Rod and straw sets can create defined curls or tightly coiled textures.
Wigs
- Wigs offer a temporary styling option or fashion statement, concealing unhealthy hair and requiring regular maintenance to avoid traction alopecia.
- Cap wigs have a snug elastic mesh base; capless wigs are machine-made with wefts secured to elastic.
- Readily available wigs need adjustments for a proper fit, while custom wigs require measurements for a tailored fit.
Facial Structures and Hair Styling
- Different facial shapes (oval, round, square, diamond, heart, pear, oblong) dictate suitable hairstyles to create balance and desired aesthetics.
- Styles can enhance or soften features, with recommendations for bangs or wisps to minimize specific facial dimensions.
Hair Care Tools
- Essential tools include clips, combs, hairpins, needles, and scissors (limited to trimming extensions).
- Wide-tooth and tail combs are practical for detangling and sectioning textured hair.
Oregon Laws and Rules for Natural Hair Care
- Natural Hair Care falls under the jurisdiction of the Oregon Board of Cosmetology alongside other fields like barbering and esthetics.
- Practitioner Certificates are valid for two years, and various work arrangements (employee, independent contractor, freelance) have specific licensing requirements.
- Facility and independent contractor licenses must be posted publicly, ensuring compliance and transparency in service provision.
Definitions
- Article findings enhance service performance, and disinfecting processes eradicate harmful organisms for safety and hygiene in practices.### Environmental Protection and Safety Agencies
- Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulates chemical compounds and agents.
- Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) ensures employee safety from toxic materials and infectious diseases.
Disinfectants
- High-level disinfectant: Registered with the EPA, effective against tuberculosis.
- Low-level disinfectant: Registered with the EPA, effective against bacteria, fungi, and some viruses.
Facility Licensing and Standards
- Compliance with health, safety, and infection control regulations is mandatory for all licensed facilities.
- Facility license holders must allow inspections by representatives from the Health Licensing Office.
Shared Facility Responsibilities
- Cleanliness in common areas is the responsibility of all license holders.
- Violations found in shared areas result in citations for facility license holders.
Residential Facilities
- Must display an identifying house number and facilitate visibility from the street.
- Living areas must be separated by solid walls and connecting doors kept closed during operation.
Water Supply Requirements
- Facilities must have adequate hot and cold running water.
- Sinks in restrooms can qualify as water sources for natural hair care services.
Sanitation Standards
- Hand soap or cleansing agents and individual towels must be accessible; bar soap and common towels are prohibited.
Facility Maintenance
- Floor surfaces must be cleanable, non-absorbent, and kept in good repair.
- Walls and ceilings must be clean and free of spots, mildew, or peeling paint.
Surface Disinfection
- Surfaces contaminated with potentially infectious materials must be disinfected using high-level solutions.
Animal Regulations
- Pets are not allowed in licensed facilities, except for trained guide dogs or fish in aquariums.
Client Service Protocols
- Clean towels or linens must be used for each client; soiled items must be stored in closable containers.
- Used towels must be laundered properly using commercial detergent and hot water.
Client Protection Measures
- Use of neck strips or towels is necessary to prevent direct contact between clients and common use items.
- Items that can't be cleaned or disinfected must be disposed of immediately.
Hairpieces Management
- Disposable covers must be used when trying on hairpieces; used hair goods must be cleaned before resale.
Waste and Refuse Management
- All waste related to services must be deposited in covered containers to prevent contamination.
- Non-service-related waste can be stored without covers in reception areas.
Tools and Implements Disinfection
- All tools and implements must be disinfected prior to client use, and disinfecting agents should maintain effectiveness.
- Non-electrical tools must be cleaned, rinsed, and sterilized using approved methods.
Storage Guidelines
- Clean and disinfected tools must be stored separately, and storage areas must be kept clean and free of debris.
Certification Requirements
- To obtain a Natural Hair Care Practitioner Certificate, candidates must complete an online application and pass the written examination at the Health Licensing Office.
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