Untitled Quiz

Plastids are organelles found in plant cells that are responsible for photosynthesis and storage of various substances.

Transportation is the movement of materials within the body of a living organism, ensuring essential substances are distributed and waste products are removed.

Phloem loading refers to the process by which sugars are actively transported into the phloem, the tissue responsible for transporting sugars around a plant.

Osmosis is the movement of water from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration across a semi-permeable membrane.

Cellular respiration is the process by which living organisms break down glucose to release energy in the form of ATP.

NAD+ is reduced to NADH2, a process where it gains electrons and hydrogen ions, converting it to its reduced form, NADH2.

Genes are the fundamental units of heredity, responsible for carrying and transmitting traits from parent to offspring.

FAD is oxidized to FAD+, meaning it loses electrons and hydrogen ions, returning to its oxidized state.

Glycolysis is the first stage of cellular respiration, occurring in the cytoplasm of cells, breaking down glucose into two pyruvate molecules, producing a net gain of two ATP molecules.

Water is a vital component of cells, making up around 80% of their composition.

When water freezes, the molecules spread apart and become less densely packed, resulting in a lower density than liquid water.

Variations in offspring compared to their parents are referred to as variations.

The G1 phase, or gap 1 phase, is the longest phase in the cell cycle, taking place before DNA replication.

Plants excrete solid wastes mainly through leaves and barks.

FAD stands for flavin adenine dinucleotide, a crucial coenzyme involved in cellular respiration and other metabolic processes.

Red light is the primary color of light used by plants for photosynthesis.

The light-independent stage, or Calvin cycle, of photosynthesis is where ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent stage are used to convert carbon dioxide into glucose.

Decarboxylation, the removal of a carboxyl group from a molecule, does not occur in the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas (EMP) pathway, a key stage in glycolysis, where glucose is broken down.

The photosynthetic pigments are mainly located in the thylakoid membrane, the inner membrane of the chloroplast.

Oxygenation, the process of adding oxygen to a molecule, is not a part of the Calvin cycle, which is focused on converting carbon dioxide into glucose.

Charge separation is not a process in the light-dependent stage of photosynthesis, which primarily involves capturing light energy, transferring electrons, and generating ATP and NADPH.

Water is known as the universal solvent due to its ability to dissolve a wide variety of substances.

Freezing capacity is not an inherent property of water. Water's unique properties include being a universal solvent, its high thermal capacity, and its cohesive and adhesive forces.

Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase catalyzes the conversion of glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate.

Metaphase, the stage where chromosomes align at the center of the cell, is not a part of the chromosome, which includes the kinetochore, arms, and constriction.

Hollowcentric chromosomes, chromosomes with a diffuse centromere, are not a type of chromosome. The main types include acentric, telocentric, and metacentric.

A chromosome with an attached chromosome is termed a satellite chromosome.

A chromosome without a centromere is called an acentric chromosome.

Lysosomes, membrane-bound organelles, are responsible for the digestion of waste products and cellular debris within a cell.

Histones are proteins found in eukaryotic cells, aiding in the packaging and organization of DNA into chromosomes.

Genes are the fundamental units of inheritance, made up of DNA, carrying the genetic information that determines traits.

Mendel's choice of pea plants was advantageous because of their self-pollination, cross-pollination, and ease of cultivation, but not necessarily their hardiness.

The correct sequence of electron movement in the light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis is: water - p700 - p680 - NADP.

Phloem loading is the process by which sugars are actively transported from the source (where they are produced) to the sink (where they are used or stored).

Glucose is a common respiratory substrate, meaning it is a source of energy for cellular respiration.

Plants can excrete waste products into the soil through their root hairs.

The central vacuole of plant cells plays a significant role in maintaining turgidity, giving the cell structural support, and providing storage space for nutrients.

Heterochromatin, the region of DNA that is densely packed and often inactive, is the deeply stained region of a chromosome.

Two NAD molecules are involved in the conversion of glucose to pyruvate during glycolysis.

Transportation in plants and animals involves the movement of various substances such as water, nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and hormones.

The liver is the organ responsible for filtering blood and detoxifying harmful substances, but it is not directly involved in the transportation of materials throughout the body.

A unicellular organism is a single-celled organism capable of carrying out all life functions independently.

Germline continuity, proposed by August Weissman, refers to the continuous transmission of inherited genetic material from one generation to the next.

Tonoplast is the membrane that encloses the central vacuole, regulating the passage of substances in and out.