Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the specific heat ratio (k) of air?
What is the specific heat ratio (k) of air?
1.4
Convert the latent heat of vaporization for air from kJ/kg to Btu/lb.
Convert the latent heat of vaporization for air from kJ/kg to Btu/lb.
1.064
What is the molecular weight of air?
What is the molecular weight of air?
29
State the gas constant (R) for air in kJ/kg.K.
State the gas constant (R) for air in kJ/kg.K.
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Identify the specific heat capacity at constant volume (C_v) for air.
Identify the specific heat capacity at constant volume (C_v) for air.
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What is the specific heat ratio (k) for CO₂?
What is the specific heat ratio (k) for CO₂?
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Express Pascal (Pa) in terms of Newtons (N) and square meters (m²).
Express Pascal (Pa) in terms of Newtons (N) and square meters (m²).
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What unit is used to express power (W) in terms of energy and time?
What unit is used to express power (W) in terms of energy and time?
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What is the equivalent of 1 lbf in newtons?
What is the equivalent of 1 lbf in newtons?
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Convert 1 tonf to kilonewtons (kN).
Convert 1 tonf to kilonewtons (kN).
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What is the dynamic viscosity conversion of 1 poise in Pa.s?
What is the dynamic viscosity conversion of 1 poise in Pa.s?
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If 1 hp equals 0.746 kW, how many kilowatts are in 10 hp?
If 1 hp equals 0.746 kW, how many kilowatts are in 10 hp?
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What is the specific gravity (SG) of mercury?
What is the specific gravity (SG) of mercury?
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How many kilojoules are equivalent to 1 Btu?
How many kilojoules are equivalent to 1 Btu?
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What does 1 stoke indicate in terms of kinematic viscosity?
What does 1 stoke indicate in terms of kinematic viscosity?
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How much heat is released during the phase change of 1 kg of ice at 0°C to water at 0°C?
How much heat is released during the phase change of 1 kg of ice at 0°C to water at 0°C?
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Convert 1 mile to feet.
Convert 1 mile to feet.
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What is the equivalent of 1 kilogram per liter in kilograms per cubic meter?
What is the equivalent of 1 kilogram per liter in kilograms per cubic meter?
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How many liters are in 1 cubic meter?
How many liters are in 1 cubic meter?
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If 1 atm equals 101.325 kPa, what is the pressure in psi?
If 1 atm equals 101.325 kPa, what is the pressure in psi?
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Convert 1 ton to pounds mass for a short ton.
Convert 1 ton to pounds mass for a short ton.
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What is the value of 1 knot in nautical miles per hour?
What is the value of 1 knot in nautical miles per hour?
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How many gallons are in one cubic foot?
How many gallons are in one cubic foot?
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What does 1 fathom equal in feet?
What does 1 fathom equal in feet?
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Study Notes
Distance
- 1 inch is equal to 2.54 centimeters
- 1 meter is equal to 3.281 feet
- 1 yard is equal to 3 feet
- 1 fathom is equal to 6 feet
- 1 chain is equal to 66 feet
- 1 furlong is equal to 660 feet
- 1 mile is equal to 5280 feet
- 1 nautical mile is equal to 6080 feet
- 1 knot is equal to 1 nautical mile per hour
- 1 meter per second is equal to 3.6 kilometers per hour
Density
- Density of water is 1000 kg/m^3 or 62.4 lbm/ft^3
- Density of air is 1.2 kg/m^3 or 0.075 lbm/ft^3
Pressure
- 1 atmosphere pressure is equal to 101.325 kPa, 14.7 psi, 29.92 in Hg, 760 mm Hg, 760 torr
- 1 bar is equal to 100 kPa
- 1 megapascal (MPa) is equal to 1 N/mm^2
Area
- 1 are is equal to 100 m^2
- 1 hectare is equal to 10,000 m^2
Volume/Flow Rate
- 1 cubic foot is equal to 7.481 gallons
- 1 gallon is equal to 3.785 liters
- 1 cubic meter is equal to 1000 liters
- 1 barrel is equal to 42 gallons
Mass
- 1 kilogram is equal to 2.2 pounds mass
- 1 pound mass is equal to 16 ounces
- 1 slug is equal to 32.2 pounds mass
- 1 tonne (1MT) is equal to 1000 kilograms
- 1 short ton is equal to 2000 pounds mass
- 1 long ton is equal to 2240 pounds mass
Force
- 1 newton is equal to 100,000 dynes
- 1 kilogram force is equal to 9.81 newtons
- 1 pound force is equal to 4.448 newtons
- 1 ton force is equal to 9.81 kilonewtons, 1000 kilogram force, or 2204 pound force
- Specific weight of water is 9.81 kN/m^3 or 62.4 lb_f_/ft^3
- Specific weight of air is 0.012 kN/m^3 or 0.075 lb_f_/ft^3
Dynamic Viscosity
- 1 poise is equal to 0.1 Pascal-second (Pa.s)
- 1 reyn is equal to 1 psi.s which is equal to 6890 Pa.s
Kinematic Viscosity
- 1 stoke is equal to 1 cm^2/s
Energy
- 1 British thermal unit (Btu) is equal to 1.055 kJ, 252 calories, or 778 foot-pound force
- 1 kilocalorie (kcal) is equal to 4.187 kJ
- 1 joule is equal to 10^7 ergs
- 1 chu is equal to 1.8 Btu
Power
- 1 horsepower (hp) is equal to 0.746 kW, 33,000 ft.lb_f_/min, or 42.4 Btu/min
- 1 metric horsepower is equal to 736 watts
- 1 kilowatt (kW) is equal to 3412 Btu/hr or 3600 kJ/hr
- 1 TOR is equal to 3.516 kW or 12,000 Btu/hr
- 1 Bo.HP is equal to 35,322 kJ/hr
Water/Ice/Liquids
- Specific heat capacity of water is 4.187 kJ/kg.K or 1 Btu/lbm.R
- Latent heat of fusion of water is 334 kJ/kg or 144 Btu/lbm
- Latent heat of vaporization of water is 2257 kJ/kg or 970 Btu/lbm
- Specific heat capacity of ice is 0.5 times the specific heat capacity of water
- Specific gravity (SG) of mercury is 13.55
- Specific gravity (SG) of sea water is 1.03
Air/Gases
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Adiabatic index (k) of air is 1.4 (1.3 for hot air)
-
Specific heat capacity at constant pressure (C_p_ ) of air is 1 kJ/kg.K or 0.24 Btu/lbm.R
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Specific heat capacity at constant volume (C_v_ ) of air is 0.7186 kJ/kg.K or 0.171 Btu/lbm.R
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Gas constant of air (R) is 0.287 kJ/kg.K or 53.34 lb_f_ft/lbm.R
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Universal gas constant (R-bar) is 8.314 kJ/kgmol.K or 1545 lb_f_ft/lbm.R
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Latent heat of vaporization of water is 2442 kJ/kg
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The specific heat ratio, k, for helium and noble gases is 1.667
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The specific heat ratio, k, of carbon dioxide is 1.287
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The specific heat ratio, k, of nitrogen is 1.399
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Molecular weights of some elements:
- Hydrogen (H): 1
- Helium (He): 4
- Carbon (C): 12
- Nitrogen (N): 14
- Oxygen (O): 16
- Sulfur (S): 32
- Air: 29
Derived Units
- Pascal is equal to N/m^2
- Joule is equal to N.m
- Watt is equal to J/s or N.m/s
- m^2/s^2 is equal to J/kg.
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