5G Core Concepts

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Questions and Answers

Within a 5G core network employing network function virtualization (NFV), what critical role does the software-defined networking (SDN) controller perform beyond simply assigning IP addresses to new virtual network functions (VNFs)?

It independently manages and scales the underlying hardware resources, optimizing energy consumption and minimizing physical footprint in data centers.
It dynamically adjusts the quality of service (QoS) parameters for each VNF based on real-time traffic analysis and predefined service level agreements (SLAs).
It provides enhanced security by implementing intrusion detection and prevention systems (IDPS) at the VNF level, mitigating potential threats and vulnerabilities.
It centrally orchestrates the entire network by managing bandwidth allocation, forwarding logic, and IP address assignment, ensuring seamless integration of new VNFs. (correct)

Purpose-built hardware in telecommunications networks offers greater flexibility and resource utilization compared to generic hardware managed by network function virtualization (NFV).

False (B)

Elaborate on the significance of decoupling functions from hardware in the context of Network Function Virtualization (NFV), detailing at least two key benefits this separation provides to network operators.

NFV enables network operators to achieve greater agility and cost-efficiency by separating software functions from dedicated hardware. This separation allows for dynamic resource allocation, reducing capital expenditure (CAPEX) and operational expenditure (OPEX), and faster deployment of new services.

In the context of network evolution towards 5G, the transition from fixed capacity to __________ capacity addresses the need for dynamic resource allocation and scalability.

flexible Signup and view all the answers

Match the following network elements/functions with their descriptions in a virtualized 5G core network:

VNF = A virtualized network function, such as a virtualized MME or PGW, running on generic hardware. NFV = The overall concept or architecture of virtualizing network functions to run on commodity hardware. SDN = A framework that enables centralized control and management of network resources, separating the control plane from the data plane. Orchestration = The automated arrangement, coordination, and management of computer systems, middleware, and services. Signup and view all the answers

Within the architectural framework of Network Function Virtualization (NFV), which layer is primarily responsible for abstracting the underlying hardware resources and providing a unified interface for Virtual Network Functions (VNFs)?

The Virtual Infrastructure Manager (VIM) Layer (C) Signup and view all the answers

Cloud-native network architectures inherently eliminate the need for any form of network administrator, as automation and orchestration tools autonomously manage all aspects of network operations.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the challenge SDN addresses regarding network functions created quickly using NFV?

SDN helps address the challenge of making rapidly created network functions reachable within the existing network by programmatically managing routing and IP addressing, which would be extremely difficult without SDNs centralised control. Signup and view all the answers

In the context of 5G core network evolution, the shift from operation expenditure (OPEX) in NFV aims to reduce the reliance on costly, dedicated resources, leading to a more efficient and scalable network infrastructure.

low Signup and view all the answers

Match the following concepts related to 5G core network virtualization with their corresponding descriptions:

Softwareization = Transforming hardware-centric functions into software-based implementations, enabling greater flexibility and agility. Virtualization = Creating virtual instances of network functions and resources, allowing for dynamic allocation and scaling. Automation = Automating repetitive tasks and workflows, reducing manual intervention and improving operational efficiency. Orchestration = The holistic coordination and management of virtualized network functions and resources across the entire infrastructure. Signup and view all the answers

In a 5G core network leveraging network function virtualization (NFV), what is the primary benefit of transitioning from purpose-built hardware to generic hardware?

Increased flexibility and resource utilization, enabling dynamic allocation and scaling. (D) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of 5G core network virtualization, the terms 'network element' and 'network function' are interchangeable and refer to the same entity.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

Explain the dual role SDN plays with both user plane and control plane in network traffic forwarding.

SDN separates the control plane from the user plane, centralising traffic-forwarding decisions at the SDN controller rather than the individual routers. Signup and view all the answers

In the 5G network, the traditional approach of allocating dedicated hardware resources to functions is replaced by the paradigm of _______, where resources are pooled and dynamically allocated as needed.

resource virtualization Signup and view all the answers

Match each term related to 5G core network architecture with its correct description:

NFV Infrastructure (NFVI) = The underlying hardware and software resources that provide the foundation for hosting VNFs. Virtualized Network Function (VNF) = A software-based implementation of a traditionally hardware-based network function, such as a router or firewall. NFV Management and Orchestration (MANO) = The set of frameworks and functions that manage and orchestrate the lifecycle of VNFs and NFV infrastructure. Element Management System (EMS) = A software system that manages individual network elements, providing configuration, monitoring, and troubleshooting capabilities. Signup and view all the answers

In the context of network slicing within a 5G core network, what is the primary function of the Operations Support System (OSS) in managing virtualized network functions (VNFs)?

To monitor the performance and health of VNFs, ensuring they meet the service level agreements (SLAs) for each network slice. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Software-defined networking (SDN) primarily focuses on virtualizing network functions, while network function virtualization (NFV) concentrates on centralizing network control.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why would operators need cloud-based networks?

Operators need cloud based networks because it decreases costs, because instead of using hardware, the networks use a software, which decreases building costs. Signup and view all the answers

In the context of 5G core networks managed through NFV and SDN, the term _______ refers to automating the setup, configuration, and ongoing management for virtualized network functions.

orchestration Signup and view all the answers

Match the following 5G core concepts with their descriptions:

Network Function Virtualization (NFV) = The concept of virtualizing network functions on commodity hardware to reduce costs and increase agility. Software-Defined Networking (SDN) = The concept of separating the control plane from the data plane to enable centralized control and programmability of the network. Virtual Network Function (VNF) = A software-based implementation of a network function that runs on a virtual machine or container. Network Slicing = The capability to create multiple virtual networks on a single physical infrastructure, each tailored to specific application requirements. Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Weekly 5G Core Quiz

A quiz for revising covered topics, helping in 5G core certification preparation.

Essential 5G Core Concepts

Fundamental concepts for 5G core, often not in standard training, crucial for understanding 5G core network deeply.