Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following statements is NOT true of the endocrine system?
Which of the following statements is NOT true of the endocrine system?
- It is one of two major regulatory systems of the body.
- It is composed of glands that secrete chemical messengers into the blood.
- It is an important regulator of homeostatic mechanisms.
- It influences and is influenced by the nervous system.
- Most of its components are anatomically connected, like most other systems of the body. (correct)
Which of the following statements does NOT apply to hormones?
Which of the following statements does NOT apply to hormones?
- They are chemical regulators that are conveyed from one organ to another via the bloodstream.
- In some cases, the same chemical substances can also function as local regulators and/or neurotransmitters.
- All hormones are derived from cholesterol. (correct)
- They are secreted into the blood by ductless glands.
- They are sometimes secreted by neural tissue.
When examining an endocrine cell from a new species of mammal under the microscope, you find that it contains an abundance of rough endoplasmic reticulum, a large Golgi apparatus, and secretory granules. Which of the following is most likely to be true about these cells?
When examining an endocrine cell from a new species of mammal under the microscope, you find that it contains an abundance of rough endoplasmic reticulum, a large Golgi apparatus, and secretory granules. Which of the following is most likely to be true about these cells?
- It secretes a peptide/protein hormone. (correct)
- It secretes its product by diffusion through the lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane.
- It secretes by endocytosis.
- Its hormone product is synthesized from cholesterol.
- It secretes a hormone with a hydrophobic structure.
Which is most likely a characteristic of cells that secrete steroid hormones?
Which is most likely a characteristic of cells that secrete steroid hormones?
Which is TRUE regarding the structure and synthesis of hormones?
Which is TRUE regarding the structure and synthesis of hormones?
What is the definition of a prohormone?
What is the definition of a prohormone?
Which of the following statements about hormone synthesis is NOT correct?
Which of the following statements about hormone synthesis is NOT correct?
Which of the following options would most directly decrease the production of aldosterone?
Which of the following options would most directly decrease the production of aldosterone?
In a hypothetical rare genetic disease in which the ribosomes in some cells of the anterior pituitary are malformed, which hormone, if any, would you expect to be missing from a patient with this disease?
In a hypothetical rare genetic disease in which the ribosomes in some cells of the anterior pituitary are malformed, which hormone, if any, would you expect to be missing from a patient with this disease?
A hormone may be which of the following?
A hormone may be which of the following?
What does a hormone's concentration in the plasma depend upon?
What does a hormone's concentration in the plasma depend upon?
Your patient has advanced stage cancer and her liver is starting to fail. One consequence is markedly reduced plasma proteins. In what way might this affect her endocrine system?
Your patient has advanced stage cancer and her liver is starting to fail. One consequence is markedly reduced plasma proteins. In what way might this affect her endocrine system?
Which is NOT an endocrine function performed by the liver?
Which is NOT an endocrine function performed by the liver?
What is a main difference between the modes of action of peptide hormones and steroid hormones?
What is a main difference between the modes of action of peptide hormones and steroid hormones?
You have discovered a novel steroid hormone. You'd like to isolate its receptor as part of your next project. Where should you look first?
You have discovered a novel steroid hormone. You'd like to isolate its receptor as part of your next project. Where should you look first?
Which is NOT true about receptors for steroid hormones?
Which is NOT true about receptors for steroid hormones?
You have discovered a novel hormone. Early experiments have shown that it is quite hydrophobic. Which of the following is likely to also be TRUE of these hormones?
You have discovered a novel hormone. Early experiments have shown that it is quite hydrophobic. Which of the following is likely to also be TRUE of these hormones?
Acting alone, epinephrine and thyroid hormone each stimulate the release of only a small amount of fatty acids from adipose cells. In the presence of thyroid hormone, epinephrine causes a much more substantial release of fatty acids from the cells. What is the term describing the effect of thyroid hormone on epinephrine's actions?
Acting alone, epinephrine and thyroid hormone each stimulate the release of only a small amount of fatty acids from adipose cells. In the presence of thyroid hormone, epinephrine causes a much more substantial release of fatty acids from the cells. What is the term describing the effect of thyroid hormone on epinephrine's actions?
What term describes hormones that influence the secretion of other hormones?
What term describes hormones that influence the secretion of other hormones?
Which of the following statements about oxytocin is TRUE?
Which of the following statements about oxytocin is TRUE?
Which accurately describes the median eminence of the hypothalamus?
Which accurately describes the median eminence of the hypothalamus?
Sally is a 10-year-old girl going through a growth spurt. Her blood levels of growth hormone are two-fold higher than at the same time last week. Which other hormones are likely to also be elevated?
Sally is a 10-year-old girl going through a growth spurt. Her blood levels of growth hormone are two-fold higher than at the same time last week. Which other hormones are likely to also be elevated?
Which of these describes secondary hypersecretion of hormone X?
Which of these describes secondary hypersecretion of hormone X?
Which of the following hormones is NOT secreted by the anterior pituitary gland?
Which of the following hormones is NOT secreted by the anterior pituitary gland?
What term describes hormones secreted by the hypothalamus that regulate the secretion of hormones from the anterior pituitary gland?
What term describes hormones secreted by the hypothalamus that regulate the secretion of hormones from the anterior pituitary gland?
Which is an example of long-loop negative feedback?
Which is an example of long-loop negative feedback?
Which of the following statements about hormones is correct?
Which of the following statements about hormones is correct?
A chemical precursor for cortisol is _________, which is made from _________. Cortisol is secreted by the _________ when stimulated by _________ from the anterior pituitary.
A chemical precursor for cortisol is _________, which is made from _________. Cortisol is secreted by the _________ when stimulated by _________ from the anterior pituitary.
Which is an accurate description of the posterior pituitary and its functions?
Which is an accurate description of the posterior pituitary and its functions?
Which is a function of the gonadotropic hormones?
Which is a function of the gonadotropic hormones?
If the adrenal glands were removed from a patient, his plasma cortisol levels would_________, secretion of CRH by the_________ would_________, and secretion of ACTH by the_________ would_________.
If the adrenal glands were removed from a patient, his plasma cortisol levels would_________, secretion of CRH by the_________ would_________, and secretion of ACTH by the_________ would_________.
Which of these could be a cause of hypertrophy of the adrenal cortex?
Which of these could be a cause of hypertrophy of the adrenal cortex?
You have a patient complaining of fatigue and lethargy. She mentions that she recently went on a low-salt, all carbohydrate diet and consumes mostly rice. You notice a swelling in her neck. You order some blood work. Which of the following do you expect?
You have a patient complaining of fatigue and lethargy. She mentions that she recently went on a low-salt, all carbohydrate diet and consumes mostly rice. You notice a swelling in her neck. You order some blood work. Which of the following do you expect?
Which would be the effect of a blood clot that blocked the vessels of the hypothalamo-pituitary portal system in the infundibulum between the hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary gland?
Which would be the effect of a blood clot that blocked the vessels of the hypothalamo-pituitary portal system in the infundibulum between the hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary gland?
It’s final exam time and you’re finding yourself extremely stressed out. If we examined your blood, which of the following would we be likely to find?
It’s final exam time and you’re finding yourself extremely stressed out. If we examined your blood, which of the following would we be likely to find?
Short-loop negative feedback occurs when hormones from the_________ inhibit hormone secretion by the_________.
Short-loop negative feedback occurs when hormones from the_________ inhibit hormone secretion by the_________.
If the pituitary gland is removed from a human subject, which of the following is likely to occur?
If the pituitary gland is removed from a human subject, which of the following is likely to occur?
Which are hormones secreted by the posterior pituitary?
Which are hormones secreted by the posterior pituitary?
Which stimulates the secretion of growth hormone?
Which stimulates the secretion of growth hormone?
Deficiency of iodine in the diet results in_________ caused by_________.
Deficiency of iodine in the diet results in_________ caused by_________.
A patient goes to her doctor, complaining of fatigue, weight gain, and intolerance to cold. She also has a noticeable goiter in her neck. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis and cause?
A patient goes to her doctor, complaining of fatigue, weight gain, and intolerance to cold. She also has a noticeable goiter in her neck. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis and cause?
Which is most likely a result of hypersecretion of growth hormone?
Which is most likely a result of hypersecretion of growth hormone?
A patient appears in a clinic complaining of irritability and chronic sweatiness. He also has a lump in his neck near his larynx. Blood tests show he has low levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in his plasma. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
A patient appears in a clinic complaining of irritability and chronic sweatiness. He also has a lump in his neck near his larynx. Blood tests show he has low levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in his plasma. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
To synthesize thyroid hormones, iodine is attached to which of the following?
To synthesize thyroid hormones, iodine is attached to which of the following?
Which is a result of elevated thyroid hormone levels?
Which is a result of elevated thyroid hormone levels?
Which is a result of an absence of thyroid hormones during fetal development?
Which is a result of an absence of thyroid hormones during fetal development?
You are designing an experiment to quantify the levels of stress experienced by different individuals. Which of the following tests would reveal insight into a patient's chronic stress?
You are designing an experiment to quantify the levels of stress experienced by different individuals. Which of the following tests would reveal insight into a patient's chronic stress?
What is the major hormone responsible for mediating the body's general response to stress?
What is the major hormone responsible for mediating the body's general response to stress?
Which of the following is NOT stimulated by cortisol during stress?
Which of the following is NOT stimulated by cortisol during stress?
You’re studying long-term stress in foster children. You expect to find_________ among the children experiencing the most significant stress for the longest period of time.
You’re studying long-term stress in foster children. You expect to find_________ among the children experiencing the most significant stress for the longest period of time.
Which of the following is an action of the sympathetic nervous system during stress?
Which of the following is an action of the sympathetic nervous system during stress?
Which of the following hormones is NOT usually secreted at higher levels in response to stress?
Which of the following hormones is NOT usually secreted at higher levels in response to stress?
Which statement best describes the manner in which growth hormone stimulates cell proliferation?
Which statement best describes the manner in which growth hormone stimulates cell proliferation?
At what time in the lifespan is the growth hormone secretion rate highest?
At what time in the lifespan is the growth hormone secretion rate highest?
Which is true about the growth of long bones?
Which is true about the growth of long bones?
In what form is the body's largest pool of calcium?
In what form is the body's largest pool of calcium?
During a long illness, Terrell has not been eating much. As a result, his plasma Ca2+ levels decrease. Which hormone would we expect to see in higher levels than usual in his blood?
During a long illness, Terrell has not been eating much. As a result, his plasma Ca2+ levels decrease. Which hormone would we expect to see in higher levels than usual in his blood?
Which is NOT an effect of parathyroid hormone?
Which is NOT an effect of parathyroid hormone?
Which would result from a vitamin D deficiency?
Which would result from a vitamin D deficiency?
Which of the following is TRUE regarding pituitary growth hormone (GH)?
Which of the following is TRUE regarding pituitary growth hormone (GH)?
Which of the following is NOT true of pituitary growth hormone?
Which of the following is NOT true of pituitary growth hormone?
Baby Sylvia is born with a thyroid deficiency. Which of the following can we expect for Sylvia if it goes untreated?
Baby Sylvia is born with a thyroid deficiency. Which of the following can we expect for Sylvia if it goes untreated?
A deficiency in dietary iodine can cause which of the following?
A deficiency in dietary iodine can cause which of the following?
Which correctly lists a function of estrogens in females and testosterone in males?
Which correctly lists a function of estrogens in females and testosterone in males?
Flashcards
Endocrine System Anatomy
Endocrine System Anatomy
Unlike most body systems, the endocrine system's components are not anatomically connected.
Hormone Composition
Hormone Composition
Not all hormones are derived from cholesterol; some are proteins or peptides.
Peptide/Protein Hormone Secretion
Peptide/Protein Hormone Secretion
Cells secreting peptide/protein hormones have abundant rough ER, Golgi apparatus, and secretory granules due to the protein synthesis and packaging process.
Steroid Hormone Secretion
Steroid Hormone Secretion
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Steroid Hormone Synthesis
Steroid Hormone Synthesis
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Prohormone
Prohormone
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Tryptophan's Role
Tryptophan's Role
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Aldosterone Production
Aldosterone Production
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Growth Hormone Production
Growth Hormone Production
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Hormone Types
Hormone Types
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