Podcast
Questions and Answers
What helps in the stability of the denture during function?
What helps in the stability of the denture during function?
- The posterior nasal spine
- The palatine processes of maxillary bone
- The slopes of the ridges (correct)
- The hard palate
What happens to the denture-bearing surface as the alveolar ridge resorbs?
What happens to the denture-bearing surface as the alveolar ridge resorbs?
- It becomes flatter and wider towards the buccal shelf. (correct)
- It becomes narrower towards the buccal shelf.
- It disappears completely.
- It remains unchanged.
Where is the mental foramen usually located?
Where is the mental foramen usually located?
- On the buccal surface of the mandible.
- On the lingual surface of the mandible.
- On the medial surface of the mandible.
- On the lateral surface of the mandible between 1st and 2nd premolar. (correct)
What is the mid palatine suture formed by?
What is the mid palatine suture formed by?
What can happen to the mental foramen with continued resorption of the ridge?
What can happen to the mental foramen with continued resorption of the ridge?
What is the area of sutural joint covered by?
What is the area of sutural joint covered by?
What runs along the lingual surface of the mandible?
What runs along the lingual surface of the mandible?
What is the purpose of relieving the mid palatal raphae during the final impression procedure?
What is the purpose of relieving the mid palatal raphae during the final impression procedure?
What is the significance of the genial tubercles in denture construction?
What is the significance of the genial tubercles in denture construction?
What is the posterior border of the palatine bone united with?
What is the posterior border of the palatine bone united with?
What is the clinical consideration for the genial tubercles?
What is the clinical consideration for the genial tubercles?
What marks the division between the movable and immovable tissues of the soft palate?
What marks the division between the movable and immovable tissues of the soft palate?
What are mandibular tori?
What are mandibular tori?
What is the posterior palatal seal area limited by?
What is the posterior palatal seal area limited by?
What should be done to large mandibular tori?
What should be done to large mandibular tori?
What is the area between the mandibular buccal frenum and the anterior edge of the masseter muscle?
What is the area between the mandibular buccal frenum and the anterior edge of the masseter muscle?
What is the name of the process that is continuous with the anterior border of the ramus?
What is the name of the process that is continuous with the anterior border of the ramus?
What happens to the buccal shelf area as resorption of the ridge occurs?
What happens to the buccal shelf area as resorption of the ridge occurs?
What can cause discomfort and dislodgment of the upper denture?
What can cause discomfort and dislodgment of the upper denture?
What is the movable member of the stomatognathic system?
What is the movable member of the stomatognathic system?
What is the bone underlying the crest of the residual alveolar ridge?
What is the bone underlying the crest of the residual alveolar ridge?
What is the area that remains after loss of teeth?
What is the area that remains after loss of teeth?
What is the muscle that attaches horizontally along the boney external oblique ridge?
What is the muscle that attaches horizontally along the boney external oblique ridge?
What is the primary reason why a dentist needs to understand anatomy and physiology in constructing a prosthesis?
What is the primary reason why a dentist needs to understand anatomy and physiology in constructing a prosthesis?
What is the role of osteology in denture construction?
What is the role of osteology in denture construction?
What are the areas in the maxillary and mandibular edentulous foundations that are better suited to bear the stresses of mastication?
What are the areas in the maxillary and mandibular edentulous foundations that are better suited to bear the stresses of mastication?
What is the function of the submucosa in relation to the mucosa?
What is the function of the submucosa in relation to the mucosa?
What is the importance of the mucous membrane in the oral cavity?
What is the importance of the mucous membrane in the oral cavity?
What is the role of the blood vessels in the submucosa?
What is the role of the blood vessels in the submucosa?
What are the structures that limit the extension of the maxillary and mandibular complete dentures?
What are the structures that limit the extension of the maxillary and mandibular complete dentures?
What are the factors that influence the form and size of the supporting bone?
What are the factors that influence the form and size of the supporting bone?
What is the purpose of the external oblique ridge in denture construction?
What is the purpose of the external oblique ridge in denture construction?
What is the composition of the posterior aspect of the retromolar pad?
What is the composition of the posterior aspect of the retromolar pad?
Which of the following is a 1° stress-bearing area in the maxilla?
Which of the following is a 1° stress-bearing area in the maxilla?
What is the pattern of bone resorption in the mandible?
What is the pattern of bone resorption in the mandible?
What is the mean denture-bearing area for edentulous maxillae?
What is the mean denture-bearing area for edentulous maxillae?
Why should the retromolar pad be covered by the denture?
Why should the retromolar pad be covered by the denture?
What is the purpose of identifying areas requiring relief in the final impression?
What is the purpose of identifying areas requiring relief in the final impression?
What is the pattern of bone resorption in the maxilla?
What is the pattern of bone resorption in the maxilla?
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Study Notes
Anatomy and Physiology of Dental Prostheses
- A dentist requires understanding and thorough knowledge of anatomy and physiology of supporting structures to assure successful results.
Osteology
- Osseous structures support dentures and have a direct relation to impression making procedure, tooth position, and finished denture contours.
- Knowledge of tissues supporting maxillary and mandibular dentures is essential for understanding retention and stability.
Tissue Regions
- Stress-bearing areas: suitable to bear mastication stresses.
- Stress relief areas: not suited to take up stresses due to anatomy or underlying structures.
- Border-limiting areas: structures limiting the extension of maxillary and mandibular complete dentures.
Mucous Membrane and Submucosa
- Mucous membrane lining oral cavity varies in character in different zones.
- Submucosa (connective tissue) attaches mucosa to underlying structures, varying in composition depending on mucosa attachment and muscle tissue presence.
Factors Influencing Supporting Bone
- Original size and arch form before extractions.
- Severity of periodontal disease.
- Slopes of ridges affecting denture stability.
Palatine Processes and Hard Palate
- Palatine processes: horizontal plates from maxilla, uniting in midline, forming mid-palatal suture.
- Torus palatinus: overgrowth of bone in this area.
- Hard palate: resists resorption, primary stress-bearing area.
Palatine Bone and Posterior Palatal Seal
- Palatine bone: horizontal plate uniting with posterior rough border of maxillae.
- Posterior palatal seal (PPS): area where pressure can be applied, aiding in removable complete denture retention.
Vibrating Line and Limiting Structures of Upper Denture
- Vibrating line: imaginary line across soft palate, dividing movable and immovable tissues.
- Limiting structures: labial vestibule, right and left buccal vestibules, and vibrating line.
Osseous Structures Associated with Mandibular Denture
- Coronoid process: anterior process continuous with anterior border of ramus.
- Residual alveolar ridge: part remaining after tooth loss.
- Buccal shelf area: between mandibular buccal frenum and anterior edge of masseter muscle.
- Mental foramen: on lateral surface of mandible between 1st and 2nd premolar.
- Mylohyoid ridge: on lingual surface of mandible.
- Genial tubercles: bilateral or unilateral prominences on lingual surface of mandible.
- Torus mandibularis: bilateral or unilateral prominences of cortical bone.
- External oblique ridge: dense bone extending from mental foramen to anterior border of ramus.
- Retromolar pad: triangular pad of tissue at distal end of residual ridge.
Maxillary and Mandibular Stress-Bearing Areas
- Maxillary: firm tuberosities, hard palate, alveolar ridge, and rugae.
- Mandibular: buccal shelves, retromolar pads, alveolar ridge.
Areas Requiring Relief in Final Impression
- Palatal torus, median palatal raphe, mandibular tori, retromylohyoid ridge, and undercuts or sharp boney prominence on ridges.
Pattern of Bone Resorption
- Maxilla: resorbs upward and inward, becoming progressively smaller (centripetal).
- Mandible: resorbs downward and outward, becoming gradually wider (centrifugal).
Denture Bearing Area
- Mean denture bearing area for edentulous maxillae: 23cm2.
- Mean denture bearing area for edentulous mandible: 12cm2.
- Area of PDL in each dental arch: 45cm2.
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