6 Questions
What is the primary purpose of the 4th Amendment?
To protect citizens from unreasonable searches and seizures
What is the requirement for police to conduct a search under the 4th Amendment?
A warrant or probable cause
What is the term for the principle that evidence obtained illegally is inadmissible in court?
Exclusionary rule
What is the exception to the warrant requirement that allows police to search a person without a warrant?
Arrest
What is the 1967 landmark case that established the 4th Amendment protects against unreasonable searches and seizures, not just physical intrusions?
Katz v. United States
What type of search is permitted if an officer has reasonable suspicion of criminal activity?
Stop-and-frisk search
Study Notes
What is the 4th Amendment?
- Part of the Bill of Rights in the United States Constitution
- Protects citizens from unreasonable searches and seizures
Key Components
- Unreasonable searches and seizures: Government cannot conduct searches or seizures without a warrant or probable cause
- Warrant requirement: Police must obtain a warrant from a judge before conducting a search
- Probable cause: Police must have reasonable grounds to believe a crime has been committed
Protections Under the 4th Amendment
- Searches of homes and personal property: Requires a warrant or consent
- Searches of persons: Requires a warrant or arrest
- Seizures of property: Requires a warrant or probable cause
- Exceptions to the warrant requirement: Exigent circumstances, consent, and stop-and-frisk searches
Landmark Cases
- Mapp v. Ohio (1961): Exclusionary rule established, evidence obtained illegally is inadmissible in court
- Terry v. Ohio (1968): Stop-and-frisk searches permitted if officer has reasonable suspicion of criminal activity
- Katz v. United States (1967): 4th Amendment protects against unreasonable searches and seizures, not just physical intrusions
Test your knowledge of the 4th Amendment, which protects citizens from unreasonable searches and seizures, and its key components, landmark cases, and protections.
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