4G/5G Cellular Networks Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of putting the LTE radio to 'sleep'?

  • To reduce signal interference
  • To improve data transmission speed
  • To increase network coverage
  • To conserve battery (correct)

    • What is the duration of inactivity required for the LTE mobile to enter deep sleep mode?

  • 100 milliseconds
  • 1 minute
  • 1 hour
  • 5-10 seconds (correct)

    • What is the purpose of the Home Subscriber Server (HSS) in a global cellular network?

  • Handling handover between base stations
  • Storing subscriber information (correct)
  • Managing radio frequency allocation
  • Configuring data-plane tunnels

    • What is the major goal of 5G networks?

    <p>10x increase in peak bitrate, 10x decrease in latency, 100x increase in traffic capacity over 4G</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does MIMO stand for in the context of 5G networks?

    <p>Multiple Input Multiple Output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two frequency bands used in 5G NR (new radio)?

    <p>FR1 (450 MHz–6 GHz) and FR2 (24 GHz–52 GHz)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of tunneling via GTP (GPRS tunneling protocol)?

    <p>Encapsulating mobile's datagram to streaming server inside UDP, inside datagram</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of mutual authentication in mobile networks?

    <p>Ensuring both the network and the mobile device verify each other's identity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the cell diameters for pico-cells in 5G networks?

    <p>10-100 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the Mobility Management Entity (MME) in LTE networks?

    <p>Establishing control-plane configuration for mobile devices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the transmission rate for 4G cellular networks?

    <p>Up to 100's Mbps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization is responsible for the technical standards of 4G/5G cellular networks?

    <p>3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the availability of 4G network in Korea, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>97%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common device that is part of the mobile device category in the 4G/5G cellular networks?

    <p>Smartphone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What business model is typically associated with 4G/5G cellular networks?

    <p>Subscription-based</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a distinguishing feature of user identity in 4G/5G cellular networks?

    <p>SIM card</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the standard responsible for 4G, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Long-Term Evolution (LTE)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which network element has a strong notion of 'home and roaming' as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Core network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a distinguishing feature of 4G/5G cellular networks compared to wired Internet?

    <p>'Always-on' connectivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Home Subscriber Service (HSS) in 4G LTE architecture?

    <p>Stores information about mobile devices for which the HSS’s network is their “home network”</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Serving Gateway (SGW) and PDN Gateway (P-GW) do in 4G LTE architecture?

    <p>Lie on data path from mobile to/from Internet and provide NAT services similar to other internet gateway routers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Mobility Management Entity (MME) in 4G LTE architecture?

    <p>Coordinates device authentication and mobile management, including device handover between cells and tracking/paging device location</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the LTE data plane protocol stack include?

    <p>Packet Data Convergence, Radio Link Control (RLC) Protocol, and Medium Access</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of GPRS Tunneling Protocol (GTP-U) in LTE data plane protocol stack?

    <p>Encapsulates mobile datagrams and sends them inside UDP datagrams to S-GW</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the base station play in 4G LTE architecture?

    <p>Manages wireless radio resources and mobile devices in its coverage area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the base station from a WiFi Access Point (AP)?

    <p>Active role in user mobility and coordinates with nearly base stations for mobile device handover between cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of IP tunnels in LTE data plane protocol stack?

    <p>Facilitate mobility by setting up path (tunneling) from mobile device to P-GW</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What protocols are used at the link and physical layers in LTE data plane?

    <p>LTE link layer protocols: Application, Transport, IP, Packet Data Convergence, Radio Link Control (RLC) Protocol, Medium Access.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    LTE Radio Management

    • The LTE radio is put to 'sleep' to conserve power and reduce battery consumption.
    • The radio enters deep sleep mode after a certain duration of inactivity, typically 10-20 seconds.

    Home Subscriber Server (HSS)

    • The HSS is a central database that stores subscriber information and authenticates users in a global cellular network.

    5G Networks

    • The major goal of 5G networks is to provide high-speed, low-latency, and ubiquitous connectivity.
    • MIMO stands for Multiple-Input Multiple-Output, which is a key technology used in 5G networks to increase data transmission rates.
    • 5G NR (New Radio) uses two frequency bands: FR1 (410 MHz - 7.125 GHz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz - 52.6 GHz).

    GTP (GPRS Tunneling Protocol)

    • Tunneling via GTP is used to tunnel user data and signaling between different network elements in a mobile network.

    Mutual Authentication

    • Mutual authentication is used to ensure the authenticity of both the user and the network, preventing unauthorized access.

    Cell Diameters

    • Pico-cells in 5G networks have diameters of around 10-100 meters.

    Mobility Management Entity (MME)

    • The MME is responsible for managing mobility, authentication, and bearer management in LTE networks.

    4G Cellular Networks

    • The transmission rate for 4G cellular networks is typically up to 100 Mbps.
    • The 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) is responsible for the technical standards of 4G/5G cellular networks.
    • 4G network is widely available in Korea, with over 90% coverage.

    Mobile Devices

    • A common device that is part of the mobile device category is a smartphone.

    Business Model

    • The business model typically associated with 4G/5G cellular networks is a subscription-based model.

    User Identity

    • A distinguishing feature of user identity in 4G/5G cellular networks is the use of IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identity) numbers.

    Standards

    • The standard responsible for 4G is LTE (Long-Term Evolution).

    Network Elements

    • The HSS has a strong notion of 'home and roaming' as it stores subscriber information and manages roaming agreements.

    4G/5G Cellular Networks

    • A distinguishing feature of 4G/5G cellular networks compared to wired Internet is their mobility and ubiquity.

    Home Subscriber Service (HSS)

    • The HSS is responsible for storing subscriber information, authenticating users, and managing roaming agreements in 4G LTE architecture.

    Serving Gateway (SGW) and PDN Gateway (P-GW)

    • The SGW and P-GW are responsible for routing user data and signaling between the LTE network and the Internet.

    Mobility Management Entity (MME)

    • The MME is responsible for managing mobility, authentication, and bearer management in 4G LTE architecture.

    LTE Data Plane Protocol Stack

    • The LTE data plane protocol stack includes the GTP-U (GPRS Tunneling Protocol - User plane) protocol.
    • The GTP-U protocol is used to tunnel user data between the LTE network and the Internet.

    IP Tunnels

    • IP tunnels are used to tunnel user data and signaling between different network elements in the LTE data plane.

    Base Station

    • The base station plays a crucial role in 4G LTE architecture, responsible for transmitting and receiving data to and from mobile devices.
    • The base station is distinguished from a WiFi Access Point (AP) by its ability to provide mobility and handover management.
    • The protocols used at the link and physical layers in LTE data plane are the MAC (Media Access Control) and PHY (Physical) layers respectively.

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    Related Documents

    LTE 1.1.pptx

    Description

    Test your knowledge about the advancements and features of 4G and 5G cellular networks, including availability, transmission rates, technical standards, and their impact on mobile-broadband-connected devices.

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