Questions and Answers
What is the primary use of ACE Inhibitors?
What is the primary action of Angiotensin II Blockers?
Blocks Angiotensin II from binding to receptor sites
Benzodiazepines are primarily used for which of the following?
What do Beta Blockers block?
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Calcium Channel Blockers inhibit flow of calcium ions into ______
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What do Cephalosporins inhibit?
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Corticosteroids are primarily used for which conditions?
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Fluoroquinolones inhibit which process?
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What is the function of H1 Blockers?
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What do H2 Blockers inhibit?
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What do HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors primarily treat?
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What type of action does an NSAID have?
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Opiate Agonists are used for which type of pain?
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What do Proton Pump Inhibitors inhibit?
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What is the action of SSRIs on serotonin?
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What is the role of Sulfonylureas?
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What do Tricyclics inhibit?
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Study Notes
ACE Inhibitors
- Used for hypertension and heart conditions.
- Block conversion of Angiotensin I to Angiotensin II.
- Commonly end in -april (e.g., Enalapril).
Angiotensin II Blockers
- Treats hypertension and heart conditions.
- Prevent Angiotensin II from binding to receptors.
- Often end in -sartan (e.g., Valsartan).
Benzodiazepines
- Classified as antianxiety, anticonvulsants, and insomnia medications.
- Enhance GABA's effect, promoting relaxation and sedation.
- Commonly end in -zolam or -zepam (e.g., Alprazolam).
Beta Blockers
- Utilized for hypertension and heart disorders.
- Block norepinephrine and epinephrine at beta-adrenoceptors.
- Commonly end in -olol (e.g., Metoprolol).
Calcium Channel Blockers
- Treat hypertension and heart conditions.
- Inhibit calcium ions' flow into vascular smooth muscle.
- Commonly end in -azem, -ipine, or -amil (e.g., Verapamil, Amlodipine).
Cephalosporins
- Class of antibiotics that inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis.
- First generation starts with Ceph- (e.g., Cephalexin); subsequent generations begin with Cef- (e.g., Cefdinir).
Corticosteroids
- Anti-inflammatory medications for respiratory, dermatological, and ocular conditions.
- Commonly end in -asone or -isone (e.g., Fluticasone, Hydrocortisone, Prednisone).
Fluoroquinolones
- Antibiotics that inhibit vital enzymes for cell replication.
- Commonly end in -acin (e.g., Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin).
H1 Blockers
- Compete with histamines for H1 receptor sites.
- Commonly end in -amine, -azine, or -adine (e.g., Diphenhydramine, Hydroxyzine, Cetirizine, Fexofenadine, Loratadine).
H2 Blockers
- Used for GERD, heartburn, and ulcers.
- Block histamine receptors to reduce stomach acid secretion.
- Commonly end in -tidine (e.g., Ranitidine, Famotidine).
HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors
- Class of antihyperlipidemics (statins) that inhibit the cholesterol biosynthesis enzyme, HMG-CoA reductase.
- Commonly end in -statin (e.g., Simvastatin).
NSAIDs
- Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs with antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic properties.
- Inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX) to prevent the formation of prostaglandins.
- Common examples include Ibuprofen, Celecoxib, and Indomethacin.
Opiate Agonists
- Narcotics for moderate to severe pain relief.
- Release endogenous opiates that bind to opiate receptors in the CNS and spinal cord.
- Examples include Morphine, Oxycodone, Hydrocodone, and Codeine.
Proton Pump Inhibitors
- Used to treat GERD, heartburn, and ulcers.
- Block proton pumps in the stomach to inhibit acid secretion.
- Commonly end in -azole (e.g., Esomeprazole, Rabeprazole).
SSRIs
- Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors for depression, OCD, and panic disorders.
- Inhibit serotonin reuptake in the neuronal synapse.
- Examples include Fluoxetine, Sertraline, Paroxetine, Fluvoxamine, and Citalopram.
Sulfonylureas
- Medications for managing Type II Diabetes.
- Stimulate insulin production from the pancreas.
- Common endings include -amide, -izide, and -uride (e.g., Chlorpropamide, Glipizide, Glyburide, Glimepiride).
Tricyclics
- Antidepressants that inhibit the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine.
- Commonly end in -yline (e.g., Nortriptyline, Doxepin, Imipramine, Amoxapine).
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