Questions and Answers
What is the name of MgCl2?
NO2 is covalent due to a difference in electronegativity of 0.5.
True
What is the name of Ge3P4?
Trigermanium Tetraphosphide
Is PO4 3- ionic or covalent?
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What is the difference in electronegativity for Sb2Te5?
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What is the formula for iron (III) oxide?
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Titanium (I) Oxide is ionic because of the roman numeral.
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What type of bond does ammonium phosphate exhibit?
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What is the name of CCl4?
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What is the formula for disilicon hexafluoride?
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How can KMnO4 have both ionic and covalent bonds?
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All ionic substances dissolve in water.
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Covalent substances dissociate in water.
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What happens to ionic substances when heated?
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Covalent substances are solid at room temperature.
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The dry substance does not conduct electricity.
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What type of bond conducts electricity when dissolved in water?
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What type of substances do not dissolve in water?
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The substance does not conduct electricity in water if it's ionic.
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The substance, in solid form, is malleable.
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What is the type of bond in rubidium iodide?
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What is wrong with the name tricalcium diphosphate?
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Study Notes
Ionic Compounds
- MgCl2 is Magnesium Chloride; it is ionic with an electronegativity difference of 1.8.
- Fe2O3 is Iron (III) Oxide; identified as ionic with an electronegativity difference of 1.7 and involves a transition metal.
- Ti2O is Titanium (I) Oxide; considered ionic because of its electronegativity difference of 2.0.
- Ammonium Phosphate has the formula (NH4)3PO4; it is ionic due to the presence of polyatomic ions.
- Rubidium Iodide is identified as ionic due to the absence of prefixes in its name.
- KMnO4 contains both ionic and covalent bonds; the ionic bond exists between potassium and the permanganate ion, while the bond between manganese and oxygen is covalent.
Covalent Compounds
- NO2 is Nitrogen Dioxide; it is covalent with an electronegativity difference of 0.5, indicating polar characteristics.
- Ge3P4 is Trigermanium Tetraphosphide; it is covalent with a non-polar electronegativity difference of 0.3.
- Sb2Te5 is Diantimony Pentatelluride; a covalent compound marked by an electronegativity difference of 0.3.
- CCl4 is Carbon Tetrachloride, also covalent with an electronegativity difference of 0.5.
- Disilicon Hexafluoride with the formula Si2F6 is identified as covalent due to its use of prefixes.
Properties of Ionic and Covalent Compounds
- Ionic compounds generally dissolve in water and dissociate into ions; they conduct electricity when dissolved.
- Some covalent compounds may dissolve in water, but they do not dissociate into ions and typically do not conduct electricity.
- Covalent substances can melt at lower temperatures compared to ionic compounds, which require high temperatures to melt.
- Ionic compounds are solid at room temperature, whereas covalent compounds can exist as gases or liquids.
- In solid form, ionic compounds are brittle; covalent compounds can be malleable.
Additional Notable Points
- The term "polar" in covalent bonds denotes a situation where there is a slight charge difference, whereas "non-polar" indicates even sharing of electrons.
- The suffix "ate" in names indicates the presence of a polyatomic ion, impacting naming conventions for ionic compounds.
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