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Questions and Answers
Initial management for a confused 70-year-old male with type 2 diabetes should include:
Initial management for a confused 70-year-old male with type 2 diabetes should include:
- Performing a rapid exam and obtaining vital signs.
- Administering one to two tubes of oral glucose.
- Assisting the patient with his diabetic medication.
- Applying a nonrebreathing mask at 15 L/min. (correct)
Diabetic ketoacidosis occurs when:
Diabetic ketoacidosis occurs when:
- Blood glucose levels rapidly fall.
- The pancreas produces excess insulin.
- The cells rapidly metabolize glucose.
- Insulin is not available in the body. (correct)
Insulin shock will MOST likely develop if a patient:
Insulin shock will MOST likely develop if a patient:
- Markedly overeats and misses an insulin dose.
- Misses one or two prescribed insulin injections.
- Takes too much of his or her prescribed insulin. (correct)
- Eats a regular meal followed by mild exertion.
A 75-year-old male with type 1 diabetes presenting with chest pain should be treated as though he is experiencing:
A 75-year-old male with type 1 diabetes presenting with chest pain should be treated as though he is experiencing:
In contrast to insulin shock, diabetic coma:
In contrast to insulin shock, diabetic coma:
Assessment of a patient with hypoglycemia will MOST likely reveal:
Assessment of a patient with hypoglycemia will MOST likely reveal:
Which of the following statements regarding glucose is correct?
Which of the following statements regarding glucose is correct?
When obtaining a SAMPLE history from a patient with diabetes, it would be MOST important to determine:
When obtaining a SAMPLE history from a patient with diabetes, it would be MOST important to determine:
You are treating a 40-year-old male with a blood sugar reading of 300 mg/dL. Definitive treatment for this patient includes:
You are treating a 40-year-old male with a blood sugar reading of 300 mg/dL. Definitive treatment for this patient includes:
Kussmaul respirations indicate that the body is:
Kussmaul respirations indicate that the body is:
A 28-year-old female patient with type 1 diabetes is found unresponsive. You should suspect that she:
A 28-year-old female patient with type 1 diabetes is found unresponsive. You should suspect that she:
During your assessment of a 19-year-old male being treated with factor VIII, this indicates that:
During your assessment of a 19-year-old male being treated with factor VIII, this indicates that:
A 19-year-old male with insulin on a table cannot remember if he ate. After assessing his blood glucose level is 'error', in addition to administering oxygen, you should:
A 19-year-old male with insulin on a table cannot remember if he ate. After assessing his blood glucose level is 'error', in addition to administering oxygen, you should:
A 42-year-old male found unresponsive should be managed by suspecting:
A 42-year-old male found unresponsive should be managed by suspecting:
Glutose is a trade name for:
Glutose is a trade name for:
A man finds his wife unconscious, who has type 2 diabetes. Your assessment should first include:
A man finds his wife unconscious, who has type 2 diabetes. Your assessment should first include:
Excessive eating caused by cellular 'hunger' is called:
Excessive eating caused by cellular 'hunger' is called:
An acute accelerated drop in the hemoglobin level occurs during a(n) __________ crisis.
An acute accelerated drop in the hemoglobin level occurs during a(n) __________ crisis.
Diabetic coma results from:
Diabetic coma results from:
Patients with uncontrolled diabetes experience polyuria because:
Patients with uncontrolled diabetes experience polyuria because:
Hypoglycemic crisis tends to develop more often and more severely in children because:
Hypoglycemic crisis tends to develop more often and more severely in children because:
A patient acting erratically while holding a baseball bat indicates you should:
A patient acting erratically while holding a baseball bat indicates you should:
Patients with type 2 diabetes usually control their disease with all the following, EXCEPT:
Patients with type 2 diabetes usually control their disease with all the following, EXCEPT:
Diabetes is MOST accurately defined as a/an:
Diabetes is MOST accurately defined as a/an:
Glipizide, a non-insulin-type medication, is another name for:
Glipizide, a non-insulin-type medication, is another name for:
The normal blood glucose level, as measured by a glucometer, is between:
The normal blood glucose level, as measured by a glucometer, is between:
When assessing an unconscious diabetic patient, the primary visible difference between hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia is the:
When assessing an unconscious diabetic patient, the primary visible difference between hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia is the:
Ketone production is the result of:
Ketone production is the result of:
A 30-year-old female with sickle cell disease presents with severe acute pain. You should suspect that:
A 30-year-old female with sickle cell disease presents with severe acute pain. You should suspect that:
Classic signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia include:
Classic signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia include:
Study Notes
Endocrine and Hematologic Emergencies
- Initial management for a confused patient with diabetes should include nonrebreathing mask application at 15 L/min.
- Diabetic ketoacidosis occurs when insulin is unavailable in the body, preventing proper glucose metabolism.
- Insulin shock is most likely to develop from excessive insulin intake.
- A patient with type 1 diabetes experiencing chest pain and weakness should be treated as if having a heart attack, despite blood glucose concerns.
- Diabetic coma is not easily correctable outside a hospital setting, unlike insulin shock which can be quickly reversed.
- Hypoglycemia assessment often reveals combativeness as a key indicator.
- The brain requires glucose as much as oxygen, highlighting glucose's critical role in brain function.
- Inquire about recent illnesses or stress when gathering a SAMPLE history from diabetic patients, as this is crucial information.
- Definitive treatment for a semiconscious diabetic patient with high blood sugar (300 mg/dL) involves insulin administration.
- Kussmaul respirations indicate the body's attempt to eliminate acids from the blood due to metabolic disturbances.
- A significantly hyperglycemic patient may present with confusion and excessive urination, indications of poor blood glucose control.
- Factor VIII treatment indicates hemophilia A diagnosis.
- For patients unable to recall insulin intake, contacting medical control for oral glucose administration is critical.
- Unresponsive patients with hemophilia and low blood glucose levels may have intracranial bleeding; assist ventilations and transport urgently.
- Glutose refers to oral glucose used for diabetic emergencies.
- In unresponsive diabetes patients, prioritize maintaining airway and assessing breathing for effective management.
- Polyphagia denotes excessive eating due to cellular hunger, a common symptom in diabetes.
- Hemolytic crises result in accelerated red blood cell breakdown and a drop in hemoglobin levels.
- Diabetic coma results from hyperglycemia, ketoacidosis, and dehydration, highlighting the severity of untreated diabetes.
- Excess glucose in the blood is excreted by kidneys, explaining why uncontrolled diabetes leads to polyuria.
- Children are more susceptible to hypoglycemic crises due to irregular eating habits.
- In potentially dangerous situations with confused patients, safety precautions such as calling law enforcement may be necessary.
- Type 2 diabetes management varies, but supplemental insulin is generally not included.
- Diabetes refers to a disorder of carbohydrate metabolism, emphasizing its systemic implications.
- Glipizide, also known as Glucotrol, is used to control blood sugar levels without insulin.
- Normal blood glucose levels range from 80 to 120 mg/dL, essential for managing diabetes.
- In unconscious diabetic patients, observe breathing patterns to differentiate between hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia.
- Ketone production signifies fat metabolism when glucose is insufficient, indicating severe energy deficits in cells.
- In sickle cell disease, acute abdominal pain may suggest splenic engorgement due to compromised circulation from the disease.
- Classic hypoglycemia signs include cool, clammy skin, weakness, tachycardia, and rapid respiration, guiding diagnosis and treatment.
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