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Questions and Answers
Which type of tissue is mostly derived from mesoderm?
Which type of tissue is mostly derived from mesoderm?
Which is a function of connective tissue?
Which is a function of connective tissue?
Which type of connective tissue is abundant in newborns?
Which type of connective tissue is abundant in newborns?
Which type of connective tissue cell surrounds endothelial cells of capillaries and regulates capillary blood flow?
Which type of connective tissue cell surrounds endothelial cells of capillaries and regulates capillary blood flow?
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What is the most abundant but least specialized cell in connective tissue?
What is the most abundant but least specialized cell in connective tissue?
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Which type of connective tissue cell is responsible for synthesizing, storing, and releasing fat?
Which type of connective tissue cell is responsible for synthesizing, storing, and releasing fat?
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Which type of connective tissue cell is derived from bone marrow and mediates inflammation and immediate hypersensitivity reactions?
Which type of connective tissue cell is derived from bone marrow and mediates inflammation and immediate hypersensitivity reactions?
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Which type of connective tissue cell is NOT found in the central nervous system?
Which type of connective tissue cell is NOT found in the central nervous system?
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Which type of connective tissue cell is derived from stem cells in the bone marrow and matures into macrophages in connective tissue?
Which type of connective tissue cell is derived from stem cells in the bone marrow and matures into macrophages in connective tissue?
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Which type of tissue gives rise to the entire nervous system?
Which type of tissue gives rise to the entire nervous system?
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Which type of connective tissue proper cell is concentrated around blood vessels and is rich in heparin?
Which type of connective tissue proper cell is concentrated around blood vessels and is rich in heparin?
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During neurulation, what invaginates to form the neural groove?
During neurulation, what invaginates to form the neural groove?
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Which type of connective tissue cell is likely derived from myeloid stem cells and mediates inflammation and immediate hypersensitivity reactions?
Which type of connective tissue cell is likely derived from myeloid stem cells and mediates inflammation and immediate hypersensitivity reactions?
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Which type of connective tissue fiber is the majority of CT fibers?
Which type of connective tissue fiber is the majority of CT fibers?
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Which type of connective tissue contains fixed cells, collagen fibers, elastic fibers, ground substance, fluid, nerve fibers, and blood vessels?
Which type of connective tissue contains fixed cells, collagen fibers, elastic fibers, ground substance, fluid, nerve fibers, and blood vessels?
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Which type of muscle tissue is voluntary and attached to bone and other tissues?
Which type of muscle tissue is voluntary and attached to bone and other tissues?
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Which type of muscle tissue is involuntary and forms the wall of the heart?
Which type of muscle tissue is involuntary and forms the wall of the heart?
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Which type of muscle tissue is involuntary and found in the walls of hollow structures such as the gastrointestinal tract and urinary bladder?
Which type of muscle tissue is involuntary and found in the walls of hollow structures such as the gastrointestinal tract and urinary bladder?
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Which type of muscle tissue contains branching fibers and can contract spontaneously?
Which type of muscle tissue contains branching fibers and can contract spontaneously?
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Which type of muscle tissue is specialized for slow, prolonged contraction and is found in the walls of hollow structures such as the gastrointestinal tract and urinary tract?
Which type of muscle tissue is specialized for slow, prolonged contraction and is found in the walls of hollow structures such as the gastrointestinal tract and urinary tract?
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Which type of connective tissue cell forms a net around adipose tissue and liver sinusoids?
Which type of connective tissue cell forms a net around adipose tissue and liver sinusoids?
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Which type of connective tissue cell is responsible for synthesizing, storing, and releasing fat?
Which type of connective tissue cell is responsible for synthesizing, storing, and releasing fat?
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What is the function of neuroglial cells?
What is the function of neuroglial cells?
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Which type of neuron transmits impulses between neurons in the central nervous system (CNS)?
Which type of neuron transmits impulses between neurons in the central nervous system (CNS)?
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Which layer of the meninges is highly vascular?
Which layer of the meninges is highly vascular?
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Which part of the neuron is responsible for receiving signals?
Which part of the neuron is responsible for receiving signals?
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Which type of neuron has a short axon, one long dendron, and its cell body located in the dorsal ganglia of the spinal cord?
Which type of neuron has a short axon, one long dendron, and its cell body located in the dorsal ganglia of the spinal cord?
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Which type of neuroglial cell is responsible for producing myelin in the central nervous system (CNS)?
Which type of neuroglial cell is responsible for producing myelin in the central nervous system (CNS)?
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Which part of the nervous system is composed of aggregates of neuronal cell bodies, dendrites, unmyelinated axons, and neuroglial cells?
Which part of the nervous system is composed of aggregates of neuronal cell bodies, dendrites, unmyelinated axons, and neuroglial cells?
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Which type of neuroglial cell is the smallest?
Which type of neuroglial cell is the smallest?
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Which type of neuroglial cell lines the brain ventricles and the central spinal cord canal?
Which type of neuroglial cell lines the brain ventricles and the central spinal cord canal?
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Which type of neuroglial cell forms myelinated and unmyelinated axon sheaths in the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?
Which type of neuroglial cell forms myelinated and unmyelinated axon sheaths in the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?
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Which component of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) receives peripheral signals and transmits them to the central nervous system (CNS)?
Which component of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) receives peripheral signals and transmits them to the central nervous system (CNS)?
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Which component of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) transmits signals from the CNS to effector organs such as smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands?
Which component of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) transmits signals from the CNS to effector organs such as smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands?
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Which cranial nerves are part of the central nervous system (CNS)?
Which cranial nerves are part of the central nervous system (CNS)?
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Which cranial nerves innervate structures within and outside the head and neck?
Which cranial nerves innervate structures within and outside the head and neck?
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Which type of muscle tissue is specialized for slow, prolonged contraction and is found in the walls of hollow structures such as the gastrointestinal tract and urinary tract?
Which type of muscle tissue is specialized for slow, prolonged contraction and is found in the walls of hollow structures such as the gastrointestinal tract and urinary tract?
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Which component of the Peripheral nervous system (PNS) transmits signals from the central nervous system (CNS) to effector organs?
Which component of the Peripheral nervous system (PNS) transmits signals from the central nervous system (CNS) to effector organs?
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Which type of system directly transmits impulses to skeletal muscles via a single neuron?
Which type of system directly transmits impulses to skeletal muscles via a single neuron?
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Which type of system transmits impulses to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands via two neurons?
Which type of system transmits impulses to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands via two neurons?
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Which cranial nerves are part of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?
Which cranial nerves are part of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?
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Which cranial nerves innervate structures within and outside the head and neck?
Which cranial nerves innervate structures within and outside the head and neck?
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Which type of muscle tissue is striated and voluntary?
Which type of muscle tissue is striated and voluntary?
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Which type of muscle tissue is found in the walls of hollow structures such as the gastrointestinal tract and urinary tract?
Which type of muscle tissue is found in the walls of hollow structures such as the gastrointestinal tract and urinary tract?
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Which type of muscle tissue can contract spontaneously and is inherent rhythmicity?
Which type of muscle tissue can contract spontaneously and is inherent rhythmicity?
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Which type of connective tissue cell provides structural and metabolic support to neurons?
Which type of connective tissue cell provides structural and metabolic support to neurons?
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Which type of connective tissue cell provides electric insulation for neurons in the central nervous system (CNS)?
Which type of connective tissue cell provides electric insulation for neurons in the central nervous system (CNS)?
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Which type of connective tissue cell acts as resident macrophages in the nervous tissue?
Which type of connective tissue cell acts as resident macrophages in the nervous tissue?
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Which type of connective tissue cell lines the brain ventricles and the central spinal cord canal?
Which type of connective tissue cell lines the brain ventricles and the central spinal cord canal?
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Which type of connective tissue cell surrounds endothelial cells of capillaries and regulates capillary blood flow?
Which type of connective tissue cell surrounds endothelial cells of capillaries and regulates capillary blood flow?
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Study Notes
Tissue Types and Functions
- Mesoderm-Derived Tissue: Connective tissue is primarily derived from the mesoderm layer during embryonic development.
- Function of Connective Tissue: Provides structural support, connects different tissues, and facilitates nutrient transport.
Connective Tissue Specifics
- Connective Tissue in Newborns: Brown adipose tissue is abundant in newborns, aiding thermoregulation.
- Cells Surrounding Endothelial Cells: Pericytes surround capillary endothelial cells, regulating blood flow.
- Most Abundant Cell: Fibroblasts are the most abundant but least specialized connective tissue cells.
- Fat-Related Cells: Adipocytes synthesize, store, and release fat.
Immune Response Cells
- Bone Marrow-Derived Cells: Mast cells are derived from bone marrow and play a role in mediating inflammation and hypersensitivity reactions.
- Central Nervous System Cells: Neurons do not contain mast cells.
- Macrophage Precursors: Monocytes mature into macrophages in connective tissue, originating from bone marrow stem cells.
Nervous System Development
- Tissue Leading to Nervous System: Ectoderm gives rise to the entire nervous system.
- Neural Groove Formation: During neurulation, the neural plate invaginates to form the neural groove.
Connective Tissue Fiber and Composition
- Main CT Fiber Type: Collagen fibers are the majority in connective tissues.
- Connective Tissue Composition: Contains fixed cells, collagen fibers, elastic fibers, ground substance, fluid, nerve fibers, and blood vessels.
Muscle Tissue Types
- Voluntary Muscle: Skeletal muscle is striated and attached to bones.
- Heart Muscle: Cardiac muscle is involuntary and forms the heart's walls, containing branching fibers.
- Involuntary Smooth Muscle: Found in the walls of hollow structures, such as the gastrointestinal tract and urinary bladder.
Muscle Tissue Functions
- Slow Prolonged Contraction: Smooth muscle specializes in slow, sustained contractions within hollow organ walls.
Connective Tissue Support Roles
- Adipose Tissue and Liver Support: Reticular cells form nets around adipose tissue and liver sinusoids, providing structure.
- Neuroglial Cells Function: Support, protect, and insulate neurons, facilitating signal transmission.
Neuron Types and Functions
- Interneurons: Connect and transmit impulses between neurons in the central nervous system (CNS).
- Meninges Layer: The pia mater is the highly vascular layer, surrounding the brain and spinal cord.
Neuron Structure
- Dendrites vs. Axon: Dendrites receive signals, while the axon transmits impulses away from the neuron.
- Pseudounipolar Neuron: Characterized by a short axon, one long dendron, and found in dorsal root ganglia.
Neuroglial Cells in CNS
- Myelin Production: Oligodendrocytes produce myelin sheaths for CNS neurons.
- Structure of Grey Matter: Composed of neuronal cell bodies, dendrites, unmyelinated axons, and neuroglial cells.
- Microglial Cells: The smallest type of neuroglial cell, acting as resident macrophages in the CNS.
- Ependymal Cells: Line brain ventricles and the spinal canal, involved in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) production.
Peripheral Nervous System Components
- Afferent Nerves: Transmit peripheral signals to the CNS.
- Efferent Nerves: Transmit signals from the CNS to effector organs, such as muscles and glands.
- Cranial Nerves: Innervate structures in the head and neck, with some being part of the CNS and others part of the PNS.
Muscle Tissue Specializations
- Rhythmic Contraction: Cardiac muscle can contract spontaneously and exhibits inherent rhythmicity.
- Striated Voluntary Muscle: Skeletal muscle is characterized by striations and voluntary control.
- Smooth Muscle Location: Found in hollow organs, contributing to their function through involuntary contraction.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the development of the nervous system with this quiz! Learn about the formation of the neural plate, neural crest, and neural folds, and understand how the entire nervous system arises from the ectoderm.
