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Questions and Answers

Match the following terms with their correct definitions relating to motion:

Displacement = Change in the position of an object; a vector quantity. Velocity = The rate of change of position with direction; a vector quantity. Acceleration = The rate at which velocity changes with time. Speed = The rate of change of an object's movement.

Match the following concepts with their appropriate mathematical representations:

Average Acceleration = $a_{avg} = \frac{v_f - v_i}{t_f - t_i}$ Displacement = $\Delta x = x_f - x_i$ Instantaneous Acceleration = $a = \frac{dv}{dt}$ Distance = Magnitude between two interval points

Match the measurement units to the quantities they represent.

Displacement = meters Velocity = meters per second Acceleration = meters per second squared Force = Newtons

Match the concepts with the descriptions that best characterize them:

Vector = Quantity with both magnitude and direction Scalar = Quantity with magnitude only Force = A push or pull Position = Location relative to a reference point Signup and view all the answers

Relate the following scenarios to the concept that is best illustrated:

A car speeding up = Acceleration A runner changing direction = Velocity The length of a track = Distance How far from the start a runner ends = Displacement Signup and view all the answers

Match the type of quantity with an example:

Scalar Quantities = Distance & Speed Vector Quantities = Displacement & Velocity Definition of Force = Push or Pull Kinematics = branch of mechanics that deals with the motion Signup and view all the answers

Match the description with the term:

$\Delta x$ = Displacement $v_f - v_i$ = Change in Velocity $t_f - t_i$ = Change in Time $\frac{dv}{dt}$ = Instantaneous acceleration Signup and view all the answers

Match the quantity with its unit measured:

Distance = Measured in meters Time = Measured in seconds Mass = Measured in kilograms Acceleration = Measured in meters per second squared Signup and view all the answers

Match each law or concept to its correct description:

Newton's First Law = An object's velocity remains constant unless a net force acts on it. Newton's Second Law = The net force on an object is equal to the mass of the object times its acceleration, $\vec{F}_{net} = m\vec{a}$ Net Force = The vector sum of all forces acting on an object. Mass = A measure of the amount of 'stuff' in an object and its resistance to acceleration. Signup and view all the answers

Match each type of force with its defining characteristic:

Contact Force = Arises from direct physical contact between objects. Action-at-a-Distance Force = Acts between objects that are not physically touching. Gravitational Force = An attractive force between objects with mass. Net Force = The vector sum of all forces acting on an object. Signup and view all the answers

Relate the effect of force on objects with different masses.

Small Mass = Experiences a large acceleration when a force is applied. Large Mass = Experiences a small acceleration when the same force is applied. No Net Force = Object maintains constant velocity. Equal and opposite forces = No change in the motion of the object Signup and view all the answers

Match the examples to illustrate the concept of Net Force

Balanced Forces = An object at rest remains at rest. Unbalanced Forces = An object accelerates in the direction of the net force. Zero Net Force = Object moves with constant velocity or is at rest. Non-zero Net Force = Change in the state of motion of the object Signup and view all the answers

Match the description of a scenario to the physical law it exemplifies:

A hockey puck sliding on ice eventually comes to rest. = Newton's First Law (due to friction, an external force). A car accelerates faster with more engine power. = Newton's Second Law. An astronaut floats in space. = Newton's First Law (negligible net force). A book resting on a table doesn't move. = Newton's First Law (net force is zero). Signup and view all the answers

Match the units to the quantities they measure:

Newton (N) = Force Kilogram (kg) = Mass Meters per second squared (m/s²) = Acceleration Piconewton (pN) = Small Force (10⁻¹² N) Signup and view all the answers

Match each scenario involving microtubules to its corresponding force or effect:

Microtubules pulling chromosomes apart = Cell Division Microtubules exerting a force of 1 pN = Forces at the cellular level Microtubules maintaining cell shape = Structural Support No force from microtubules on the cell = The cell will be unable to maintain shape or properly divide. Signup and view all the answers

Match the correct relationships according to Newton's Second Law

Constant Mass, Increasing Force = Increasing acceleration Constant Force, Increasing Mass = Decreasing acceleration Zero Net Force = No acceleration Increasing Mass and Force Proportionally = Constant acceleration Signup and view all the answers

Match each concept with its correct description:

Newton's Third Law = For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. Applied Stress = Force per unit area applied to a material. Strain = The resulting deformation of a material under stress, expressed as a ratio of change in length to original length. Young's Modulus = A measure of a material's stiffness or resistance to elastic deformation under stress. Signup and view all the answers

Match the formula element to what it represents in the Elastic Deformation equation:

F = Applied Force A = Cross-sectional Area $\Delta L$ = Stretch or change in length L = Original Length Signup and view all the answers

Match the property of a stretched copper wire with its description:

Proportional to Applied Force = The greater the force, the more the wire stretches. Proportional to Original Length = Longer wires stretch more under the same force. Inversely Proportional to Cross-sectional Area = Thicker wires stretch less under the same force. Elastic Deformation = The wire returns to its original length once the force is removed. Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms related to force with their definitions:

$F_{AB}$ = Force exerted by body A on body B. $F_{BA}$ = Force exerted by body B on body A. Magnitude of Force = The amount or intensity of the force, irrespective of direction. Oppositely Directed Force = A force acting in the reverse direction. Signup and view all the answers

Match the material type to its relevance in biological systems:

Bone = Provides structural support and protection. Soft Tissues = Includes muscles, tendons, and ligaments that enable movement and connection. Copper Wire = Illustrates the elastic deformation properties in a simple system. Structural Solids = Materials such as bones and tissues which play key biological roles. Signup and view all the answers

Match each concept related to forces with the correct description:

Tensile Stress = Stress caused by pulling or stretching a material. Elastic Deformation = Temporary change in shape that disappears when the stress is removed. Applied Force = External force exerted on an object or material. Cross-sectional Area = The area of a slice taken perpendicular to the direction of the force. Signup and view all the answers

Match the variables in Young's modulus equation with their units of measurement.

Force (F) = Newtons (N) Area (A) = Square meters ($m^2$) Length (L, $\Delta L$) = Meters (m) Young's modulus (Y) = Pascals (Pa) or $N/m^2$ Signup and view all the answers

Associate the description with the corresponding law or material property.

Newton's Third Law = Action and reaction forces are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. Elastic Deformation = The material returns to its original shape after the force is removed. Young’s Modulus = The ratio of stress to strain. Structural Solids = Materials that play major roles in the life process of an organism. Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

Power = The rate at which energy is transferred or converted. Momentum = A vector quantity representing the product of an object's mass and velocity. Torque = The rotational equivalent of linear force; a measure of how much a force causes an object to rotate. Angular Velocity = The rate of change of angular displacement with respect to time. Signup and view all the answers

Match the quantities with their formulas:

Power = $P = \frac{W}{t}$ Momentum = $\vec{p} = m\vec{v}$ Speed of a point on a rotating rigid object = $v = r\omega$ Average angular velocity = $\omega_{average,z} = \frac{\Delta\theta}{\Delta t}$ Signup and view all the answers

Match the following activities with the concept they primarily demonstrate:

Walking = Work done at a lower power output. Running = Work done at a higher power output. A spinning top = Rotational motion. Applying a wrench to a bolt = Torque. Signup and view all the answers

Match each situation with the physical quantity that remains constant (conserved), assuming no external forces or torques are present:

Isolated system of colliding objects = Momentum Rotating object with no external torques = Angular Velocity An object lifted straight up at a constant speed = Power An object rotating around an axis = Torque Signup and view all the answers

Match each real-world scenario to the physics concept it exemplifies:

A car accelerating from rest = Change in momentum A figure skater spinning faster by pulling their arms in = Conservation of Angular Velocity An electric motor driving a machine = Power transfer Tightening a screw with a screwdriver = Application of torque Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their qualitative description:

Power = How quickly energy is transferred. Momentum = Inertia in motion. Torque = Twisting force. Angular Velocity = Rotational speed. Signup and view all the answers

Match the concepts to their effect in real-world scenarios:

High Power = Rapid task completion. High Momentum = Difficult to stop. High Torque = Strong rotational capability. High Angular Velocity = Fast rotation. Signup and view all the answers

Match the terms related to rotational motion with their correct descriptions:

Torque = The capability of a force to produce a change in the rotational motion of a body. Lever Arm = The position vector from the axis of rotation to the point where the force is applied. Centripetal Force = The force that keeps an object moving in a circular path, directed towards the center of the circle. Centrifugal Force = The apparent outward force on a rotating object, equal and opposite to the centripetal force. Signup and view all the answers

Associate each scenario with the physical principle that best explains it:

Tightening a Bolt = Torque A Car Rounding a Curve = Centripetal Force A Washing Machine Spin Cycle = Centrifugal Force Opening a Door = Torque Signup and view all the answers

Match the variables in the centripetal force equation with their definitions:

F = Centripetal Force m = Mass of the Object v = Speed of the Object r = Radius of the Circular Path Signup and view all the answers

Match the following applications with the physical principle they utilize:

Jaw Muscles = Torque Blood Separation = Centripetal Technique Biceps Muscle Action = Torque Amusement Park Ride = Centripetal Force Signup and view all the answers

Match the descriptions with the appropriate quantity related to circular motion:

Force component towards the center = Centripetal Force Perceived outward force in circular motion = Centrifugal Force Force causing rotational acceleration = Torque Radius of the circular path = Lever Arm Distance Signup and view all the answers

Associate equation elements with their full expression:

$\tau$ = $rF\sin{\phi}$ $F_c$ = $\frac{mv^2}{r}$ r = Position vector (lever arm vector) $\phi$ = Angle between the force and the lever arm vector Signup and view all the answers

Match the description with the force it describes:

Points towards the centre of curvature = Centripetal force Equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the centripetal force = Centrifugal force Causes a change in rotational motion = Torque Force exerted by an object on another in direct contact = Normal Force Signup and view all the answers

Relate the magnitude of the force to it's impact

Small lever arm, large force = Large torque Small lever arm, small force = Small torque Large lever arm, large force = Extremely large torque Large lever arm, small force = Moderate torque Signup and view all the answers

Match each of the following scenarios with the type of force that is primarily involved:

A car accelerating from a stop = Applied Force A book resting on a table = Normal Force A skydiver falling through the air = Air Resistance A hockey puck sliding on ice gradually slowing down = Friction Signup and view all the answers

Match the descriptions of the states of matter to their plasma-related characteristics:

Gas with ionized particles = Plasma Fixed volume, fixed shape = Solid Fixed volume, variable shape = Liquid Variable volume, variable shape = Gas Signup and view all the answers

Match each quantity with its corresponding SI unit:

Force = Newton (N) Mass = Kilogram (kg) Velocity = Meters per second (m/s) Energy = Joule (J) Signup and view all the answers

Match the scenarios to the types of potential energy involved:

A stretched rubber band ready to be released = Elastic Potential Energy A ball held high above the ground = Gravitational Potential Energy Two positive electrical charges being brought closer = Electric Potential Energy Compressed spring = Elastic Potential Energy Signup and view all the answers

Match each wave phenomenon with its correct description:

Bending of waves around obstacles = Diffraction The change in direction of waves as they pass from one medium to another = Refraction The superposition of waves that results in a combined wave with increased or decreased amplitude = Interference The bouncing back of a wave when it hits a barrier = Reflection Signup and view all the answers

Match the term related to motion with its definition:

The rate at which an object changes its velocity = Acceleration The distance traveled by an object per unit time = Speed The speed of an object in a particular direction = Velocity A push or pull exerted on an object = Force Signup and view all the answers

Match the terms related to electricity with their definitions:

The flow of electric charge = Current The opposition to the flow of electric charge = Resistance The potential difference between two points in a cicuit = Voltage A closed path that allows electric charge to flow = Circuit Signup and view all the answers

Match each process with its description relating to heat transfer:

Heat transfer through direct contact = Conduction Heat transfer through the movement of fluids = Convection Heat transfer through electromagnetic waves = Radiation Energy transfer due to temperature difference = Heat Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Position

Location of an object relative to a reference point.

Distance

Magnitude between two points (scalar).