3IS Review on PID and Type 1 Diabetes
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Questions and Answers

Which nursing diagnosis is appropriate for a patient with right ventricular heart failure showing signs of ascites?

  • Risk for impaired physical mobility related to permanent joint fixation
  • Activity intolerance related to arthralgia
  • Risk for infection related to open skin lesions
  • Risk for impaired skin integrity related to pruritus and scratching (correct)

What is a potential cause of impaired skin integrity in a patient with pruritus?

  • Increased pressure within the circulatory systems (correct)
  • Loss of cellular constituents of the blood
  • Rapid diffusion of solutes and solvent into the plasma
  • Rapid osmosis from tissue space to the cells

In teaching clients with Congestive Heart Failure, which statement indicates effective understanding of a low sodium diet?

  • I choose tossed salad with sardines and tomato sauce. (correct)
  • I choose a baked potato.
  • I avoid all processed foods.
  • I choose chicken soup with chicken meat.

What is the significance of the patient's history of using illicit intravenous drugs in relation to rheumatic fever?

<p>It suggests a history of untreated streptococcal infections. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best reflects a risk factor for impaired mobility in a patient with rheumatic fever?

<p>Suffering chest trauma with a fractured rib during a fight (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement would likely indicate that a patient's nutrition plan has failed?

<p>I eat fast food regularly. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In managing a patient with rheumatic fever, which of the following complications should be monitored?

<p>Myocarditis due to inflammatory processes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which dietary choice is not appropriate for a patient with high blood pressure and congestive heart failure?

<p>Processed meat with high sodium content (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the commonest age group affected by acute rheumatic fever?

<p>5-15 years (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organism is primarily responsible for acute rheumatic fever?

<p>Group A Beta-hemolytic streptococci (GAS) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What serious complication can arise from untreated streptococcal pharyngitis, as explained to a patient?

<p>Rheumatic heart disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following symptoms may indicate a complication in a child with rheumatic fever during admission assessment?

<p>Third heart sound (S3) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception about the consequences of untreated streptococcal infection?

<p>It can affect cardiovascular health. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should a nurse highlight to encourage a patient to adhere to antibiotic treatment for streptococcal infection?

<p>You need to prevent rheumatic fever to avoid further complications. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a sign that may suggest the development of rheumatic fever in a child?

<p>Abrupt vision changes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cardiac alteration is primarily indicated by the presence of a third heart sound (S3)?

<p>Ventricular dilation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom might indicate a serious complication from mitral valve stenosis?

<p>Left hemiparesis and visual changes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of aortic regurgitation that requires immediate intervention?

<p>Orthopnea (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which valve disorders are associated with a systolic murmur?

<p>Aortic stenosis and mitral regurgitation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of an abdominal aortic aneurysm?

<p>Atherosclerosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During auscultation, which sound is distinctly heard over the abdomen in case of an abdominal aortic aneurysm?

<p>Bruit (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of symptoms might indicate a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm?

<p>Severe lower back pain, decreased BP, decreased RBC (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What dietary recommendation should be made for someone with mitral valve disease?

<p>Increase potassium-rich foods (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following symptoms would NOT typically require immediate attention in a patient with aortic regurgitation?

<p>Headache (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Rheumatic Fever Definition

A diffuse inflammatory disease from delayed immune response to Group A Streptococcus infection.

Cause of Rheumatic Fever

Group A Beta-hemolytic streptococci (GAS).

Rheumatic Fever Patient Education

Encourage patient to take antibiotics as prescribed to avoid rheumatic heart disease.

Common Rheumatic Fever Age Group

Children aged 5-15 years.

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Third Heart Sound (S3) Signification

Indicates ventricular dilation. Indicates fluid buildup in the heart chambers.

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Important Patient Question (Rheumatic Fever)

"Has the child complained of any joint pain or inflammation?"

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Rheumatic Heart Disease Risk

Untreated strep throat can lead to rheumatic fever, potentially harming the heart.

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Incorrect Patient Education

Inaccurate statement linking strep throat complications to skin, hair, and balance issues.

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Ascites in RV Heart Failure

Ascites, fluid buildup in the abdomen, can result from increased pressure within the circulatory system in right ventricular heart failure.

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Low Sodium Intake in CHF

Clients with Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) need to limit sodium intake for managing fluid retention, which can also improve their health.

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Effective CHF Nutrition Teaching

A client demonstrating understanding of a CHF nutrition plan avoids foods high in sodium and processed ingredients.

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Rheumatic Fever History

The most crucial information for a nurse when obtaining a history of a 23-year-old with rheumatic fever concerns illicit intravenous drug use in the last 3 months.

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Nursing Diagnosis for Skin Lesions

A priority nursing diagnosis for a client with open skin lesions is 'Risk for infection'.

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Nursing Diagnosis for Arthralgia

A suitable nursing diagnosis for a client with joint pain (arthralgia) is 'Activity intolerance'.

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Nursing Diagnosis for Pruritus

A suitable nursing diagnosis for a client with skin itching (pruritus) is 'Risk for impaired skin integrity'.

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Nursing Diagnosis for Permanent Joint Fixation

A nursing diagnosis suited for a patient with permanently fixed joints is 'Risk for impaired physical mobility'.

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Systolic Heart Murmur Causes

Aortic stenosis and mitral regurgitation are associated with systolic heart murmurs.

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Aortic Regurgitation Serious Symptom

Sudden shortness of breath (dyspnea) in a patient with aortic regurgitation requires immediate healthcare provider intervention.

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Mitral Valve Stenosis Complication

Hypotension and syncope (fainting) are signs of a possible serious complication from mitral valve stenosis.

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Mitral Valve Replacement Discharge Instruction

Patients with prosthetic mechanical valves need instructions on monitoring for signs of problems.

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Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Cause

Atherosclerosis is the most common cause of an abdominal aortic aneurysm.

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Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Sound

A bruit, a whooshing sound, is often heard during the auscultation (listening) of an abdominal aortic aneurysm.

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Ruptured Abdominal Aneurysm Symptoms

Severe lower back pain, decreased blood pressure, and low red blood cell count are symptoms of a ruptured abdominal aneurysm.

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Mitral Murmur Location

A mitral murmur is best heard at the apex (fifth intercostal space).

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Study Notes

3IS REVIEWER - Study Notes

  • Sexually active female with lower abdominal pain, fever, and abnormal vaginal discharge: Most likely Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID).

  • Common causative organism of PID: Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

  • PID treatment instruction: Complete the full course of antibiotics, even if feeling better. Avoid alcohol for 48 hours after taking metronidazole.

  • PID complication (untreated): Ectopic pregnancy.

  • PID treatment reason for avoiding sexual intercourse: To prevent transmission to the partner.

  • Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus cause: Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells.

  • Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus symptom: Polyuria.

  • Hypoglycemia in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Symptoms include tachycardia and sweating.

  • Long-term glucose control monitoring: Hemoglobin A1c.

  • Insulin Purpose in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Promote glucose uptake into cells.

  • Poorly controlled Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus complication: Diabetic ketoacidosis.

  • Diabetic ketoacidosis laboratory findings: Elevated blood glucose and low pH.

  • Hypersensitivity reaction (bee sting): Type I (IgE-mediated).

  • Antihistamine use in allergic rhinitis: Alleviates nasal congestion.

  • Latex allergy precaution: Use latex-free gloves and equipment.

  • Epinephrine auto-injector use: At the first sign of anaphylaxis.

  • Kidney transplant rejection (acute): Fever, graft tenderness, and decreased urine output.

  • Immunosuppressive medication for transplant rejection: Prednisone.

  • Transplant rejection monitoring: Drug levels of immunosuppressive agents.

  • Heart transplant complication (suspected): Infection.

  • Immunosuppressive therapy side effect: Hypertension.

  • Chronic rejection in lung transplant symptom: Decreased oxygen saturation.

  • Kidney transplant patient instruction (mycophenolate mofetil): Take on an empty stomach. Avoid sunlight. Use effective contraception/

  • Normal serum magnesium level: 1.3-2.1 mg/dL.

  • Hypermagnesemia risk factors: Alcoholism.

  • Hypomagnesemia risk factor: Chronic alcohol consumption.

  • Hypomagnesemia symptom (NOT): Tall T-wave and depressed ST segment.

  • Hypomagnesemia electrolyte imbalance: Hypokalemia

  • Magnesium sulfate IV priority intervention: Assessing for hypertension.

  • Dietary advice for chronic hypomagnesemia: Increase intake of leafy green vegetables.

  • Medication contributing to hypomagnesemia: Proton pump inhibitors.

  • Priority intervention for patient with low magnesium levels: Administer IV magnesium sulfate.

  • Magnesium sulfate administration condition: Eclampsia

  • Normal serum magnesium level range: 1.3-2.1 mg/dL.

  • Rheumatic fever etiology: Group A β-hemolytic streptococci (GAS) infection.

  • Rheumatic fever age group affected: 5-15 years

  • Rheumatic fever symptom indicative of complication: Sore throat/fever within 2 months.

  • Teaching aplastic anemia patient: Avoid exposure to others with acute infection.

  • Discharge teaching for aplastic anemia: Discuss potential need for blood transfusions and/or blood product support and/or medications.

  • Diagnostic findings for Aplastic anemia: Decreased levels of white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets.

  • Risk for complications of Rheumatic fever: Rheumatic heart disease

  • Acute Rheumatic Fever Symptoms: Subcutaneous nodules, erythema marginatum, polyarthritis.

  • High cholesterol medication function: Decreases LDL levels and increases HDL levels.

  • Cardiomyopathy complication: Heart failure.

  • Hypertension complication: Risk of injury to the arteries

  • Patient with a history of coronary artery disease (CAD) and newly diagnosed cardiomyopathy: Patient teaching should include lifestyle modifications, medication adherence, and monitoring of symptoms.

  • Treatment for hypermagnesemia: Loop diuretics.

  • Diagnostic findings for suspected ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm: Sudden, severe low back pain, decreased BP, decreased RBC, decrease WBC.

  • Nursing intervention for Post-Aortic Aneurysm Repair: Monitor fluid intake and urine output; Check the abdominal incision for redness.

  • Nursing care for patient with mitral valve stenosis: Monitor for signs and symptoms of complications like hypotension and syncope.

  • Nursing teaching for post-valve replacement patient: Teach the patient about the need for anticoagulant therapy and/or antibiotics prior to medical procedures (dental).

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Description

This quiz covers essential notes on Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. It includes information on symptoms, treatment, complications, and monitoring techniques related to these conditions. Perfect for healthcare students and professionals preparing for exams.

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