3D Mesh Preparation and Quality Control

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Questions and Answers

What is the process of finding and removing unnecessary free edges in a 3D mesh called?

  • Mesh Cleanup (correct)
  • Mesh Preparation
  • Mesh Quality Assessment
  • Mesh Editing

Which color represents bounding faces in solid geometry?

  • Blue
  • Green (correct)
  • Yellow
  • Red

What type of faces are shared between connected solids and depicted in yellow?

  • Fixed Faces
  • Partition Faces (correct)
  • Shared Faces
  • Bounding Faces

What should be adjusted during mesh preparation particularly for interactive processes?

<p>Mesh Details (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which operation helps to correct areas with low mesh quality?

<p>Morphing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action is taken after running a mesh to ensure quality?

<p>Review Element Quality (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are edges that belong to two adjacent faces of a single solid called?

<p>Shared Edges (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to unexpected holes in a 3D mesh?

<p>Close the Holes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must be adjusted in the microdialog to create a hex mesh along the element normal?

<p>Thickness value (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which property indicates whether a solid can be meshed using the map tool?

<p>Mappability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What color indicates a solid that is not mappable?

<p>Orange (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which shape is required for the Map tool to function properly?

<p>Solid geometry of mappable shapes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean if a solid is mappable in one direction?

<p>It can only be meshed in a single dimension. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What will prevent a solid from being classified as mappable?

<p>Multiple surfaces on the destination face (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which step is unnecessary for the Tetra meshing process in HyperMesh?

<p>Generate a shell mesh (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which situation indicates that not all solids can be meshed at once?

<p>When all solids are mappable but complex (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes a solid to be classified as not mappable?

<p>Shared edges perpendicular to the drag direction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which feature is essential for generating a tetrahedral mesh from geometry?

<p>Proper element connectivity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic should a 2D mesh have to be suitable for tetrahedral meshing?

<p>It must be non-overlapping (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can the quality of a tetrahedral mesh be improved after its creation?

<p>Performing mesh smoothing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process is not part of the typical workflow for tetrahedral meshing?

<p>Running computational tests (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary consideration when creating geometry for tetrahedral meshing?

<p>The geometry should be watertight (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which element type is generally not used in the Tetra meshing process?

<p>Hexahedral elements (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In improving mesh quality, which criterion is often prioritized?

<p>Balancing mesh size and shape (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is required for hex meshing to occur?

<p>An existing 2D mesh (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of hex meshing, what is referred to as the 'drag direction'?

<p>The vector from the source face to the target face (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following roles do Guide faces serve in hex meshing?

<p>Faces that connect the source and target faces (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action is optional when creating a hex mesh in HyperMesh?

<p>Equivalence of elements in the solidmap component (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which toolbar is used to access the hex meshing features in HyperMesh?

<p>3D ribbon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When creating a mesh of solid elements, what is the first step?

<p>Select surfaces, elements, or faces as source/target (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of mesh can be created using the Map tool in HyperMesh?

<p>3D meshes on mappable solids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'equivalence' refer to in the context of hex meshing?

<p>Ensuring elements in the solidmap component are unified (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of 1D meshing in HyperMesh?

<p>To accurately test connectors like bolts and rods in FEA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What additional value do 2.0D elements incorporate compared to 1D elements?

<p>Mesh nodes with an additional scalar value (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which application would you likely use beam sections for modeling?

<p>Designing structural joints in automotive engineering (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which feature allows users to review cross-sectional values of beam sections in HyperMesh?

<p>Contour plots (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the 'Align, Orient, and Offset' features relate to in HyperMesh?

<p>Adjusting 1D element configurations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What functionality can be accessed under the Beam Mesh group in HyperMesh?

<p>Editing and reviewing beam properties (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes beam sections in HyperMesh?

<p>They store configurations of 1D beam cross-sections. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of beam models can be reviewed when using the Edit Beam feature?

<p>Moments of inertia and stiffness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of RBE3 elements in the context of connector creation?

<p>To connect multiple nodes into a single node (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which connector type needs to be created after RBE3 elements in the connector creation process?

<p>Point Connectors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the model setup for channel analysis, what material property is assigned to the Bracket?

<p>T=2 and E=7.0e4 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of creating sliding contacts between components in analysis setups?

<p>To allow relative motion between parts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which step follows the creation of load collectors in the model setup process?

<p>Creation of constraints (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key benefit of validating and checking the model before running solver analysis?

<p>To ensure the model meets required specifications (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What material property parameters are used for steel in the model build?

<p>T=3, E=2.1e5, nu=0.3 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of model ribbon functions, what does 'Run' specifically enable users to do?

<p>Open the Altair Compute Console (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Bounding Faces

Solid faces that belong to only one solid and are displayed in green.

Partition Faces

Solid faces that are shared between two or more connected solids. Displayed in yellow.

Shared Edges

Edges that belong to two adjacent faces of a single solid. Displayed in green.

Fixed Points

Points located at the ends of edges. Selectable as points.

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Solid

A 3D representation of an object that defines its shape and volume.

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Meshing

The process of creating a 3D mesh from a solid model.

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Geometry Preparation

The process of preparing a solid model for meshing, including removing unnecessary features and defining target elements

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Mesh Quality and Editing

The process of assessing the quality of a 3D mesh and making adjustments to improve its accuracy and smoothness.

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Map Tool

A method in HyperMesh that automatically creates 3D mesh directly on solids, provided the selected solids are mappable.

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Hex Meshing

The process of creating a 3D mesh from a 2D mesh by extending it into the third dimension based on specific parameters.

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Guide Faces

Faces that directly connect and enclose the volume between the Source and Target faces in Hex Meshing.

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Source Face

The face from which the mesh is projected in Hex Meshing, initiating the creation of the 3D mesh.

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Target Face

The opposing face of the Source Face in Hex Meshing, which guides the direction of the mesh projection.

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Drag Direction

The vector determining the direction of the 3D mesh creation in Hex Meshing, extending from the Source face to the Target face.

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Create (Hex)

A HyperMesh function that creates hex mesh elements on a solid object.

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Hex Meshing Process

The process of creating a mesh of solid elements, where surfaces, elements or faces are selected as Source/Target, and lines, nodes or other entities are selected as Guides.

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Geometry Cleanup

The process of removing unnecessary features from a solid model to prepare it for meshing, such as holes and internal details.

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2D Shell Mesh

A two-dimensional representation of a solid model's surface, with elements like triangles or quadrilaterals, used as the foundation for tetrahedral meshing.

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Element Connectivity Check

A process that involves checking if all elements in a mesh are connected correctly, ensuring data flow and avoiding errors during analysis.

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Tetrahedral Meshing

A process used to create a 3D mesh by filling the space within a 2D shell mesh with tetrahedral elements.

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Tetra Mesh Quality Assessment

The process of accurately evaluating the quality of a tetrahedral mesh by examining its geometry and element properties for errors or distortions.

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Tetra Meshing Preparation

The process of ensuring that a solid model is prepared for meshing, often involving steps like cleaning up geometry, creating a 2D shell mesh, and checking element connectivity.

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Model Simplification

The process of simplifying complex solid models by reducing the amount of detail or removing unnecessary features for more efficient meshing.

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Geometry Resolution

The process of resolving geometric inconsistencies, such as gaps, overlapping surfaces, or sharp edges, in a solid model before meshing.

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Mappability

The ability of a solid object to be meshed in a specific direction (one or three dimensional).

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Not Mappable

A solid object that cannot be meshed, typically due to complex geometry or sharp edges.

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1-Directional Mappable

A solid object that can be meshed in one specific direction, typically along a single axis.

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3-Directional Mappable

A solid object that can be meshed in all three directions (X, Y, Z).

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What are 1D elements used for?

1D elements are used to model rod-like or bar-like objects like bolts, accurately capturing their behavior in FEA.

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What are 0D elements?

0D elements are essentially mesh nodes with an additional value attached. These values can represent various properties like material properties or boundary conditions.

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What is the purpose of Beam Sections in HyperMesh?

Beam sections store data about the cross-section of a beam, allowing efficient beam generation. They also provide 3D visualization, alignment, and offset manipulation tools for accurate modeling.

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What industries benefit from Beam Modeling?

Automotive, Ship Building, Aircraft, and Civil Engineering all benefit from Beam Modeling. They provide efficient and accurate representations of structural elements in these industries.

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What can you do with the Edit Beam function?

Edit Beam in HyperMesh allows users to modify 1D beam elements. It includes features for alignment, orientation, offset, and control over degrees of freedom. This provides fine-grained control over the model's behavior.

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What does the Review function provide within Beam Mesh?

The Review function within Beam Mesh allows for analysis of the beam's cross-section. It provides information about area moments of inertia and stiffness, which are crucial for structural analysis.

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RBE3 Element

A type of connector that creates a rigid connection between two nodes. It transfers all six degrees of freedom (DOF): translation and rotation.

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Point Connector

A connector that allows for a specific type of connection between two nodes. It can be used to define various types of behavior, such as pinned connections, sliding connections, or rigid connections.

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Auto Fastener Creation

A process that automatically creates connectors based on pre-defined rules, simplifying the connector creation process.

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Connector Browser

A central hub in HyperMesh for managing and reviewing all connectors created in the model, providing insights into their properties and behavior.

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Model Build

The initial stage in the analysis process where the model is built and prepared for simulation. This includes tasks like defining geometries, materials, and connections between parts.

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Model Validation

A tool for checking and verifying the accuracy and integrity of the model before running the simulation. It helps identify potential errors and ensures the model is ready to run.

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Model Run

The final step of the analysis process where the simulation is executed using a chosen solver, producing results that provide insights into the model's behavior.

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The Model Ribbon

A set of pre-defined tools and features within HyperMesh designed for model building, analysis, and validation. It helps navigate through different stages of the simulation process.

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Study Notes

HYPERMESH FOR PRE-PROCESSING V2023 AGENDA

  • The agenda covers HyperMesh for pre-processing, version 2023.

SESSION 4: 3D AND 1D MESHING

  • The session covers 3D and 1D meshing techniques.
  • 3D Mesh Generalities (20m): Introduces basic 3D mesh concepts.
  • Tetra Mesh (70m): Covers tetrahedral meshing methods.
  • Hexa Mesh (120m): Discusses techniques for hexahedral meshing.
  • Beam Modeling (180m): Details the methods for creating 1D beam models.

3D MESHING OVERVIEW

  • Volume meshing (solid meshing) utilizes 3D elements to model solid objects.
  • Solid meshing is suitable for parts with significant thickness and surface variation.

CAPABILITIES

  • Volume Mesh: A multi-threaded, fast volume mesher for structural and CFD applications.
  • Layered Meshing: Enables the creation of layered meshes.
  • Hexa Mesh: A general interactive solid hexahedral meshing capability.
  • Mesh Controls: Facilitates hex dominant and hex meshing, as well as mesh control for automation.

3D MESHING STRATEGY OVERVIEW

  • Geometry cleanup step involves identifying and removing unnecessary free edges.
  • Geometry preparation includes defining washers and removing other unnecessary elements (logos, etc).
  • Meshing step involves defining a target mesh, running the mesh, and adjusting it to achieve specific results.
  • 3D mesh quality and editing involve reviewing the element quality to correct low-quality areas.

GEOMETRY ENTITIES

  • Solid Faces (surfaces):
    • Bounding faces (green): Belong to one solid object.
    • Partition faces (yellow): Shared between multiple connected solids.
  • Fixed Points: Located at the ends of edges.
  • Edges: Lines either shared by two adjacent faces of a single solid (green) or non-manifold (yellow).
  • Non-manifold edges: Located between partition faces and two or more surfaces.

QUESTIONS & ANSWERS

  • Q1: What does it mean when you see yellow faces in your solid model?
    • d) Two solid faces are stitched together.

SUPPORTED 3D ELEMENTS

  • Tetra Elements:
    • Tetra4 (Configuration 204): 1st-order tetrahedra with 4 nodes.
    • Tetra10 (Configuration 210): 2nd-order tetrahedra with 10 nodes.
  • Penta Elements:
    • Penta6 (Configuration 206): 1st-order prism elements with 6 nodes.
    • Penta15 (Configuration 215): 2nd-order prism elements with 15 nodes.
  • Hexa Elements:
    • Hexa8 (Configuration 208): 1st-order hexahedra with 8 nodes.
    • Hexa20 (Configuration 220): 2nd-order hexahedra with 20 nodes.

EXERCISE 09 - TETRA MESHING

  • Steps involve opening the model, fixing topology, creating tetra mesh, performing defeaturing operations, and detecting features.

EXERCISE 10 - CREATE A MAPPABLE SOLID

  • Steps include opening the model and defecturing the solid, splitting the solid using planes and lines, and creating solid mesh.

1D MESHING OVERVIEW

  • 1D meshing is appropriate for analyzing connectors or components shaped like lines.
  • 2D elements form the foundation for 1D elements.
  • 1D elements are essentially mesh nodes.
  • Beam Sections (1D components) store, generate, and visualize 1D beam and cross-sectional data

BEAM MODELING APPLICATIONS

  • Beam modeling is used in various contexts, including automotive, ship building, aircraft, and civil engineering.
  • Specific elements modeled using this method are joints, panels, stiffener beams, columns, and nodes.

RIGIDS AND CONNECTORS

  • RBE2 (One-to-many): A rigid link where the motion of an independent node defines the motion of the dependent nodes. RBE2s add stiffness.
  • RBE3 (Many-to-one): The dependent node motion is a weighted average of the independent nodes' motion, and does not add stiffness.

CONNECTORS

  • Connectors define how parts are joined and facilitate rapid FEA (Finite Element Analysis) process realizations.

CONNECTOR STATES

  • Unrealized: No FE representation.
  • Realized: Successful FE representation.
  • Modified: The connector's values have changed after realization.
  • Failed: Unable to create a FE representation.

CREATE AND REALIZE CONNECTORS

  • The process involves utilizing tools for creating point, line, and area connectors.

SETUP VALIDATION & RUN

  • This is the final phase involving model setup, validating the model, and running the analysis.

EXERCISE 12 - CHANNEL ANALYSIS SETUP AND RUN

  • Focuses on model building, material and property setup, connector realization, and boundary condition setup, before running the solver.

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