法定傳染病Quiz
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Questions and Answers

法定傳染病的主要特點是什麼?

  • 需要輸血 treatment
  • 需要長期醫療 treatment
  • 病毒感染
  • 對他人有高度傳染風險 (correct)

哪些疾病是法定傳染病的例子?

  • viruses hemorrhagic fevers, cholera, measles (correct)
  • 感冒、流感
  • 糖尿病、高血壓
  • 癌症、阿爾茨海默氏症

醫療機構對法定傳染病的報告要求是什么?

  • 報告到當地公共衛生機構 (correct)
  • 報告到醫院行政部門
  • 不需要報告
  • 報告到衛生部門

公共衛生機構對法定傳染病的應對措施包括什么?

<p>調查和接觸追蹤,隔離和檢疫,疫苗接種和治療,環境清潔和消毒,公眾教育 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

法定傳染病的報告目的是什麼?

<p>追蹤疾病的傳播趨勢,identify爆發和流行,實施控制措施 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

哪種疾病需要立即公共衛生行動?

<p>法定傳染病 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

法定傳染病 (Notifiable Infectious Diseases)

Definition

  • Diseases that are required by law to be reported to the government or public health authorities when diagnosed or suspected
  • Purpose: to ensure timely and effective response to prevent the spread of infectious diseases

Characteristics

  • High risk of transmission to others
  • Potential to cause significant harm or death
  • Require immediate public health action to prevent outbreaks or epidemics

Examples of 法定傳染病

  • Viral hemorrhagic fevers (e.g. Ebola, Lassa fever)
  • Bacterial infections (e.g. cholera, plague)
  • Vaccine-preventable diseases (e.g. measles, polio)
  • Respiratory infections (e.g. SARS, MERS)
  • Waterborne diseases (e.g. typhoid fever, Legionnaires' disease)
  • Vector-borne diseases (e.g. dengue fever, Zika virus)

Reporting Requirements

  • Healthcare providers must report suspected or confirmed cases to local public health authorities
  • Reports must include patient demographics, symptoms, and laboratory results
  • Reports are used to track disease trends, identify outbreaks, and implement control measures

Public Health Response

  • Investigation and contact tracing to identify potential sources and contacts
  • Isolation and quarantine to prevent further transmission
  • Vaccination and treatment of contacts and affected individuals
  • Environmental cleaning and disinfection to reduce transmission risk
  • Communication and education to the public and healthcare professionals

法定傳染病

定義

  • 根據法律規定,醫療機構必須向政府或公共衛生機構報告診斷或疑似感染的疾病
  • 目的是ensureтимely和有效的響應,以 防止傳染病的傳播

特徵

  • 高度傳染性,容易傳播給他人
  • 可能導致嚴重傷亡
  • 需要立即的公共衛生干預以防止爆發或流行

法定傳染病的例子

  • 病毒性出血熱(例如埃博拉、拉沙熱)
  • 細菌感染(例如霍亂、鼠疫)
  • 可預防的疫苗疾病(例如麻疹、脊髓灰質炎)
  • 呼吸道感染(例如SARS、MERS)
  • 水源性疾病(例如傷寒、倫格氏病)
  • 襲擊性疾病(例如登革熱、伊波拉病毒)

報告要求

  • 醫療機構必須向當地公共衛生機構報告疑似或確診的病例
  • 報告必須包括患者人口統計、症狀和實驗室結果
  • 報告用於追蹤疾病趨勢、識別爆發和實施控制措施

公共衛生回應

  • 調查和聯繫追蹤以確定潛在的sources和聯繫者
  • 隔離和檢疫以防止進一步的傳播
  • 為聯繫者和受影響個體進行疫苗接種和治療
  • 環境清潔和消毒以減少傳播風險
  • 對公眾和醫療專業人員進行溝通和教育

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了解法定傳染病的定義、特徵和例子。這些疾病需要向政府或公共衛生機構報告,以防止傳染病的傳播。

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