Quiz

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Which term describes an organism that does not respond to a given drug, irrespective of the dosage and the location of the infection?

Susceptible

Intermediate

Resistant (correct)

Breakpoint

What is the minimum concentration of antimicrobial agent needed to yield 99.9% killing of the bacteria?

Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)

Antimicrobial agent

Breakpoint

Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) (correct)

Which term describes an organism that is moderately susceptible to treatment, with lower response rates compared to susceptible isolates?

Intermediate (correct)

MIC

Resistant

Susceptible

Which term describes a substance that kills or suppresses the growth of microorganisms, and can be natural, semisynthetic, or synthetic?

Antimicrobial agent Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a chemically modified antimicrobial agent that is produced by bacteria or fungi to inhibit the growth of other organisms?

Antibiotic Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antibiotics binds to the bacterial cell membrane and increases the inhibition of cell wall synthesis?

Vancomycin Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antibiotics disrupts the cell membrane and increases permeability in gram-positive bacteria?

Bacitracin Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antibiotics interferes with DNA replication and cell division?

Metronidazole Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antibiotics inhibits RNA synthesis by binding to DNA-dependent RNA polymerase?

Rifampin Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antibiotics disrupts the folic acid pathway by targeting dihydropteroate synthase?

Sulfonamides Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a mechanism of resistance to β-lactam antibiotics in gram-negative bacteria?

Increased cellular efflux of the drug Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a mechanism of resistance to vancomycin in staphylococci?

Production of altered cell wall precursors Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a mechanism of resistance to aminoglycosides in gram-negative bacteria?

Enzymatic modification Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a mechanism of resistance to quinolones in staphylococci?

Decrease in accumulation/efflux Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs)?

Inactivates both penicillins and cephalosporins Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of environmentally-mediated antimicrobial resistance?

Resistance resulting from physical or chemical characteristics of the environment Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a mechanism of drug resistance?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common mechanism of bacterial resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics?

Enzymatic destruction of the antibiotics Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic is used to treat uncomplicated urinary tract infections caused by gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria?

Nitrofurantoin Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between biologic resistance and clinical resistance?

Biologic resistance is the observably reduced susceptibility of an organism to a particular antimicrobial agent, while clinical resistance is the loss of antimicrobial susceptibility to the extent that the drug is no longer effective for clinical use Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic class irreversibly binds to protein receptors on the microorganism's 30S ribosomal subunit, interrupting the formation of the ribosomal-mRNA complex and accurate reading of the mRNA code?

Aminoglycosides Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic class binds to the 23s rRNA on the bacterial 50S ribosomal subunit, disrupting the growing peptide chain by blocking the translocation reaction?

Macrolide-Lincosamide-Streptogramin (MLS) Group Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic class prevents elongation by interfering with peptidyl transfer during protein synthesis and exhibits bacteriocidal or bacteriostatic activity, depending on the bacterial species, size of the inoculum, and drug concentration?

Macrolide-Lincosamide-Streptogramin (MLS) Group Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic class consists of chemical derivatives of erythromycin A and other macrolides, and inhibits protein synthesis by binding to the 23s rRNA of the 50S ribosomal subunit?

Ketolides Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic class binds irreversibly to the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, interferes with peptide bond formation during protein synthesis, and is effective against gram-positive and some gram-negative bacteria?

Chloramphenicol Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)?

The MIC is the concentration of an antimicrobial agent needed to prevent visible growth of a microorganism suspension. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the susceptibility breakpoint?

The susceptibility breakpoint is the concentration of an antibiotic that defines whether a species of bacteria is susceptible or resistant to the antibiotic. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the term 'synergy' in the context of drug interactions?

Synergy is when the activity of combining two antimicrobial drugs is greater than the activity of each single drug alone. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the term 'narrow spectrum' in the context of antimicrobial agents?

Narrow spectrum antimicrobial agents are only active against a specific group of bacteria. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the term 'β-Lactam' in the context of inhibitors of cell wall synthesis?

β-Lactam antibiotics have a four-member, nitrogen-containing, β-lactam ring at the core of their structure. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antibiotics is a semi-synthetic tetracycline derivative?

Tigecycline Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antibiotics is converted by bacterial nitroreductases to reactive intermediates that disrupt the synthesis of RNA, DNA, and proteins?

Nitrofurantoin Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of environmentally-mediated antimicrobial resistance?

Transformation of resistance genes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a mechanism of drug resistance?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a mechanism of bacterial resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the term 'antimicrobial agent' in the context of inhibitors of microorganism growth?

A substance that kills or suppresses the growth of microorganisms, and can be natural, semisynthetic, or synthetic. Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes an organism that responds to drug treatment at the recommended dosage?

Susceptible Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the minimum concentration of antimicrobial agent needed to yield 99.9% killing of the bacteria?

Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes an organism that is moderately susceptible to treatment, with lower response rates compared to susceptible isolates?

Intermediate Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a mechanism of antibiotic resistance?

Microorganism-mediated resistance Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antibiotics inhibits peptidoglycan crosslinking by binding to penicillin binding proteins (PBPs) and terminates cell wall synthesis, leading to bacterial cell death?

Fosfomycin Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antibiotics binds to the end of the peptidoglycan and interferes with transpeptidation and incorporation of the precursors into the growing cell wall, leading to inhibition of cell wall synthesis?

Vancomycin Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antibiotics disrupts the folic acid pathway by targeting dihydropteroate synthase?

Fosfomycin Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antibiotics binds irreversibly to the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, interferes with peptide bond formation during protein synthesis, and is effective against gram-positive and some gram-negative bacteria?

Glycopeptides Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antibiotics binds to the bacterial cell membrane and increases the inhibition of cell wall synthesis?

Fosfomycin Signup and view all the answers

Which lipoglycopeptide is structurally similar to vancomycin?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic binds to the bacterial cell membrane and increases the inhibition of cell wall synthesis?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic inhibits transglycosylation by complexing with the D-alanyl-D-alanine residues?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which lipopeptide disrupts the cell membrane and increases permeability in gram-positive bacteria?

Daptomycin Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic interacts with the phospholipids in the cell membranes, increasing permeability and causing leakage of macromolecules and ions?

Polymyxins Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a mechanism of resistance to β-lactam antibiotics in gram-negative bacteria?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a mechanism of resistance to aminoglycosides in gram-negative bacteria?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a mechanism of resistance to quinolones in staphylococci?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the term 'synergy' in the context of drug interactions?

The combined effect of two drugs is greater than the sum of their individual effects Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs)?

They can inactivate both penicillins and cephalosporins Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic class irreversibly binds to protein receptors on the microorganism's 30S ribosomal subunit, interrupting the formation of the ribosomal-mRNA complex and accurate reading of the mRNA code?

Aminoglycosides Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic class binds to the 23s rRNA on the bacterial 50S ribosomal subunit, disrupting the growing peptide chain by blocking the translocation reaction?

Macrolide-Lincosamide-Streptogramin (MLS) Group Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic class prevents elongation by interfering with peptidyl transfer during protein synthesis and exhibits bacteriocidal or bacteriostatic activity, depending on the bacterial species, size of the inoculum, and drug concentration?

Macrolide-Lincosamide-Streptogramin (MLS) Group Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic class binds irreversibly to the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, interferes with peptide bond formation during protein synthesis, and is effective against gram-positive and some gram-negative bacteria?

Oxazolidinones Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic class consists of chemical derivatives of erythromycin A and other macrolides, and inhibits protein synthesis by binding to the 23s rRNA of the 50S ribosomal subunit?

Ketolides Signup and view all the answers

Quiz

Choose a study mode

Podcast

Questions and Answers

Which term describes an organism that does not respond to a given drug, irrespective of the dosage and the location of the infection?

What is the minimum concentration of antimicrobial agent needed to yield 99.9% killing of the bacteria?

Which term describes an organism that is moderately susceptible to treatment, with lower response rates compared to susceptible isolates?

Which term describes a substance that kills or suppresses the growth of microorganisms, and can be natural, semisynthetic, or synthetic?

What is the term for a chemically modified antimicrobial agent that is produced by bacteria or fungi to inhibit the growth of other organisms?

Which of the following antibiotics binds to the bacterial cell membrane and increases the inhibition of cell wall synthesis?

Which of the following antibiotics disrupts the cell membrane and increases permeability in gram-positive bacteria?

Which of the following antibiotics interferes with DNA replication and cell division?

Which of the following antibiotics inhibits RNA synthesis by binding to DNA-dependent RNA polymerase?

Which of the following antibiotics disrupts the folic acid pathway by targeting dihydropteroate synthase?

Which of the following is a mechanism of resistance to β-lactam antibiotics in gram-negative bacteria?

Which of the following is a mechanism of resistance to vancomycin in staphylococci?

Which of the following is a mechanism of resistance to aminoglycosides in gram-negative bacteria?

Which of the following is a mechanism of resistance to quinolones in staphylococci?

Which of the following is a characteristic of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs)?

Which of the following is an example of environmentally-mediated antimicrobial resistance?

Which of the following is a mechanism of drug resistance?

What is the most common mechanism of bacterial resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics?

Which antibiotic is used to treat uncomplicated urinary tract infections caused by gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria?

What is the difference between biologic resistance and clinical resistance?

Which antibiotic class irreversibly binds to protein receptors on the microorganism's 30S ribosomal subunit, interrupting the formation of the ribosomal-mRNA complex and accurate reading of the mRNA code?

Which antibiotic class binds to the 23s rRNA on the bacterial 50S ribosomal subunit, disrupting the growing peptide chain by blocking the translocation reaction?

Which antibiotic class prevents elongation by interfering with peptidyl transfer during protein synthesis and exhibits bacteriocidal or bacteriostatic activity, depending on the bacterial species, size of the inoculum, and drug concentration?

Which antibiotic class consists of chemical derivatives of erythromycin A and other macrolides, and inhibits protein synthesis by binding to the 23s rRNA of the 50S ribosomal subunit?

Which antibiotic class binds irreversibly to the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, interferes with peptide bond formation during protein synthesis, and is effective against gram-positive and some gram-negative bacteria?

Which of the following is true about the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)?

Which of the following is true about the susceptibility breakpoint?

Which of the following best describes the term 'synergy' in the context of drug interactions?

Which of the following best describes the term 'narrow spectrum' in the context of antimicrobial agents?

Which of the following best describes the term 'β-Lactam' in the context of inhibitors of cell wall synthesis?

Which of the following antibiotics is a semi-synthetic tetracycline derivative?

Which of the following antibiotics is converted by bacterial nitroreductases to reactive intermediates that disrupt the synthesis of RNA, DNA, and proteins?

Which of the following is an example of environmentally-mediated antimicrobial resistance?

Which of the following is a mechanism of drug resistance?

Which of the following is a mechanism of bacterial resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics?

Which of the following best describes the term 'antimicrobial agent' in the context of inhibitors of microorganism growth?

Which term describes an organism that responds to drug treatment at the recommended dosage?

What is the term for the minimum concentration of antimicrobial agent needed to yield 99.9% killing of the bacteria?

Which term describes an organism that is moderately susceptible to treatment, with lower response rates compared to susceptible isolates?

Which of the following is a mechanism of antibiotic resistance?

Which of the following antibiotics inhibits peptidoglycan crosslinking by binding to penicillin binding proteins (PBPs) and terminates cell wall synthesis, leading to bacterial cell death?

Which of the following antibiotics binds to the end of the peptidoglycan and interferes with transpeptidation and incorporation of the precursors into the growing cell wall, leading to inhibition of cell wall synthesis?

Which of the following antibiotics disrupts the folic acid pathway by targeting dihydropteroate synthase?

Which of the following antibiotics binds irreversibly to the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, interferes with peptide bond formation during protein synthesis, and is effective against gram-positive and some gram-negative bacteria?

Which of the following antibiotics binds to the bacterial cell membrane and increases the inhibition of cell wall synthesis?

Which lipoglycopeptide is structurally similar to vancomycin?

Which antibiotic binds to the bacterial cell membrane and increases the inhibition of cell wall synthesis?

Which antibiotic inhibits transglycosylation by complexing with the D-alanyl-D-alanine residues?

Which lipopeptide disrupts the cell membrane and increases permeability in gram-positive bacteria?

Which antibiotic interacts with the phospholipids in the cell membranes, increasing permeability and causing leakage of macromolecules and ions?

Which of the following is a mechanism of resistance to β-lactam antibiotics in gram-negative bacteria?

Which of the following is a mechanism of resistance to aminoglycosides in gram-negative bacteria?

Which of the following is a mechanism of resistance to quinolones in staphylococci?

Which of the following best describes the term 'synergy' in the context of drug interactions?

Which of the following is a characteristic of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs)?

Which antibiotic class irreversibly binds to protein receptors on the microorganism's 30S ribosomal subunit, interrupting the formation of the ribosomal-mRNA complex and accurate reading of the mRNA code?

Which antibiotic class binds to the 23s rRNA on the bacterial 50S ribosomal subunit, disrupting the growing peptide chain by blocking the translocation reaction?

Which antibiotic class prevents elongation by interfering with peptidyl transfer during protein synthesis and exhibits bacteriocidal or bacteriostatic activity, depending on the bacterial species, size of the inoculum, and drug concentration?

Which antibiotic class binds irreversibly to the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, interferes with peptide bond formation during protein synthesis, and is effective against gram-positive and some gram-negative bacteria?

Which antibiotic class consists of chemical derivatives of erythromycin A and other macrolides, and inhibits protein synthesis by binding to the 23s rRNA of the 50S ribosomal subunit?

More Like This

Pruebas y flashcards en línea gratis - QuizGecko

¿Quién eres en la Guerra Civil Española? - Quiz y Flashcards

Quiz de Pisco