Untitled Quiz

Study Notes

Science

A systematized body of knowledge that deals with the study of matter
Done through experimentation to reach conclusions
A formal activity that creates and accumulates knowledge by directly confronting the natural world
The scientific method involves observing, identifying the problem, proposing a hypothesis, experimentation, and concluding
Major Fields of Science
- Social Science
  - Study of human society and behavior
  - Focuses on:
    - History - study of past events using old records and evidence
    - Psychology - study of mind and behavior, both individual and in groups
    - Sociology - study of social life, change and the social impact of human behavior
    - Demography - statistical study of human populations (death & birth rate)
- Abstract Science
  - Involved in theoretical models and concepts rather than direct observation
  - Focuses on:
    - Computer Science
    - Geometry
    - Logistics
    - Mathematics
    - Logic - the science and art of correct thinking. Derived from the Greek word “logos” which means study, reason, or discourse.
      - It is a science because it is a systematized body of logical truths and principles governing correct thinking.
    - Philosophy - study of theoretical foundation
      - Ethics - study of what is of value
      - Metaphysics - study of what is real
      - Aesthetics - study of what is beautiful
      - Epistemology - study of how we know
      - Logic - study of how we reason
      - Political Philosophy - study of how societies should be governed
- Natural Science
  - Study of the natural world
  - Focuses on:
    - Physics/Physical - study of matter, energy, and their interaction
    - Biology - study of life

Technology

Applied science - refers to intangible techniques and know-how processes (historical and cultural context)
Technology is found everywhere (geographical context)
The use of scientific knowledge for the production, improvement, distribution of goods and services, as well as the satisfaction of other material needs.
The core activity of technology is technological innovation

Society

Uses science to come up with better technology to meet its people’s necessities.
Interrelationship and Dynamics between Science and Technology
- Science cannot advance without the technology infrastructure needed for research and development
- Technology cannot advance without input from science (research and development)
- Experience and practice are also valuable sources of technology

Importance of Science and Technology

Increases a country’s economic strength and productivity
Increase the scope and efficacy of medical care

Science and Technology Historical Antecedents: Ancient Times (3800B.C.– A.D. 1200 in the old world)

Sumerian Civilization
- The earliest known civilization
- Known for cuneiform (early form of writing) and metallurgy
Babylonian Civilization (3500 B.C.– 500 B.C.)
- The Tower of Babel (legendary structure) - different languages.
- Popularized the Bronze Age era
- Known for advanced architecture design
- Estimated pi as 3 (modern estimate is 22/7 or 3.142)
Egyptian Civilization
- The Great Pyramid of Giza – one of the seven ancient wonders.
- Built in honor of King Khufu
Cretan (Minoan) Civilization
Greek Civilization (1100 B.C.– 1300 B.C.)
- The Parthenon - built in honor of Goddess Athena
Persian Civilization
Roman Civilization
Arabic/Islam Civilization
- The Peruvian Canal – recognized as a World Heritage Site
Chinese Civilization
Olmec Civilization
- Known for Olmec Structures and Giant/Colossal Heads