2nd Semester 2023 - 2024 Prelim Exam: Environmental Science Multiple Choice Questions

Environmental Science

Sustainable Development

• Environmental studies contribute to sustainable development by promoting responsible resource management.

Ecosystems

• More complicated ecosystems have higher species diversity due to the requirement of diverse species for stability.
• Complexity and species diversity are related factors in ecosystems.

Abiotic and Biotic Components

• Abiotic components have an impact on organism survival, whereas biotic components are affected by changes in abiotic components.
• Abiotic components provide energy, while biotic components provide structure.

Environmental Evolution

• The concept of the environment has evolved over time, encompassing aspects such as biodiversity, forest growth, and wildlife conservation.

Population Growth

• Countries with stabilized or slowly growing populations are likely to have a steady population growth rate.
• Birth and immigration rates both contribute to population growth.

Water Resources

• Fresh surface water is predominantly found in polar ice caps and glaciers, and is not evenly distributed across all continents.
• Fresh surface water suitable for human consumption constitutes a small portion of available water resources.

Ecosystem Resilience

• Ecosystem resilience refers to the capacity of an ecosystem to recover from disturbances.

Environmental Interactions

• Physical, biological, and cultural elements interact synergistically to shape the environment.
• All three elements have a significant impact on the environment's structure and function.

Environmental Scope

• The scope of the environment includes the lithosphere, biosphere, and atmosphere.
• The atmosphere plays a crucial role in absorbing solar radiation and protecting life on Earth.

Aquatic Habitat

• Aquatic habitats of organisms include marine, brackish, and freshwater environments.

Population Regulation

• Factors regulating population growth include habitat, parasite-host relationship, predation, and food.

Climatic Factors

• Climatic factors of the abiotic environment include water currents, wind, rainfall, but not pressure.

Ecosystem Dynamics

• Pollution can lead to the development of resistance in certain species, while others may decline in numbers.
• The absence of one of the three elements (physical, biological, or cultural) can lead to an environmental crisis.

Community and Ecosystem

• A community consists of the population of plants and animals living together in a particular space.
• An ecosystem includes the community and the physical environment.

Migration and Emigration

• Migration can lead to increased genetic diversity, while emigration can lead to decreased population size.
• Immigration can lead to increased population size.

Ecosystem Functions

• The functional aspect of an ecosystem includes the flow of energy and freshwater.
• Brackish water has salinity levels between seawater and freshwater.

Abiotic Factors

• Physical factors of the abiotic environment include solar radiation, geomagnetism, light, and pressure.
• Biological factors of an ecosystem include plants, microorganisms, and animals.

Food Chain

• Primary consumers in a food chain include rabbit, deer, and grasshopper, but not hawk.