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Questions and Answers
What is literature?
The written work of a specific culture, sub-culture, religion, or philosophy.
What does 21st Century Literature deal with?
Current themes/issues and reflects a technological culture.
What is universality in literature?
The lasting impression of literature on the lives of people.
What is the Roman alphabet?
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What does cenaculo refer to?
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What is a tanaga?
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Who is considered the father of drama in the Philippines?
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The use of the Roman alphabet in the Philippines was influenced by Spanish colonizers.
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What marked the literary period of self-discovery and growth in Philippine literature?
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Who was Alejandro Roces?
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Who is the first author of literature in the world known by name?
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What does literature express?
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The Bible is a collection of writings that range over a thousand years in time.
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What influence did Jose Rizal's execution and death have?
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What does Proclamation No. 968 declare?
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What are aphorisms and proverbs?
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What is the Salubong?
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What is the significance of the Zarzuela in Philippine culture?
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Study Notes
Literature Overview
- Literature encapsulates written works tied to particular cultures, sub-cultures, religions, and philosophies, inclusive of poetry and prose.
- 21st Century Literature represents contemporary writings emerging within the last decade, reflecting current issues and technological influences, often deviating from established literary norms.
- Universality signifies the lasting impact of literature, resonating with individuals who engage with its narratives and themes.
Literary Evolution in the Philippines
- The alibata was replaced by the Roman alphabet, highlighting shifts in written communication in the Philippines.
- Cenaculo refers to dramatic performances commemorating the passion and death of Jesus Christ, an important cultural tradition.
- The tanaga is a traditional Filipino form of poetry, akin to Japan's haiku, characterized by its structure and depth.
- Zarzuela is dubbed the "father" of Philippine drama, illustrating the fusion of music and theatrical storytelling.
- Philippine literature underwent significant transformation during the Period of Self-Discovery and Growth, especially in English writing.
Notable Figures
- Alejandro Roces, a 21st-century National Artist for Literature, is renowned for his short stories and essays, particularly "My Brother's Peculiar Chicken."
Early Literature
- Enheduanna, a high-priestess of Ur, is acknowledged as the first identifiable author in history (2285-2250 BCE).
- Ancient Mesopotamian literature primarily explores divine narratives and their role in human affairs.
Characteristics of Literature
- Literature possesses characteristics such as Eternity, reflecting timeless moral values appealing to audiences, and Universality, where themes transcend cultural and temporal boundaries.
- It is classified into fiction and non-fiction, focusing on expressing thoughts and ideas about life and society.
Influence of Historical Events
- Jose Rizal’s execution profoundly impacted 21st-century Philippine literature, inspiring themes of nationalism and social justice in contemporary works.
The Bible’s Importance
- The Bible is a significant anthology, influential for over a millennium, encompassing diverse topics like history, poetry, philosophy, and theology, shaping religious and moral beliefs globally.
21st Century Reader
- The modern reader is technologically savvy, proficient in navigating information digitally, and must adapt continuously to emerging technologies and platforms.
Cultural Expressions
- Aphorisms and proverbs are succinct expressions that embody cultural norms and wisdom, effectively encapsulating complex ideas.
- Salubong is a religious rite symbolizing the reunion of the Risen Christ with the Virgin Mary, emphasizing themes of faith and community.
Puerto Rican Cultural Heritage
- The zarzuela serves as a vibrant form of entertainment, blending comedy and melodrama, and plays a crucial role in the Philippines' cultural identity.
- Francisco Sionil Jose's Rosales Saga presents a critically acclaimed narrative series that addresses the social and historical fabric of Philippine life.
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Description
This quiz covers key concepts and themes in 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and around the world, as outlined in the 1st Quarter Reviewer. It explores the characteristics of contemporary literary works, including poetry and prose that reflect modern themes and technological culture.
