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2017 Viral Hepatitis Outbreaks and Cases

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2017 Viral Hepatitis Outbreaks and Cases

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Questions and Answers

What was the offending agent in a total of 3407 cases of acute viral hepatitis nationwide in 2017?

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) (correct)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV)

Influenza virus

Hepatitis A virus (HAV)

What factor has influenced the rates of viral hepatitis C (HCV) in recent years?

Increased access to healthcare

Decreased opioid use

The opioid crisis (correct)

Improved sanitation measures

What is the estimated number of people living with HCV infection in the United States?

2.4 million (correct)

500,000

10 million

1 million

What has contributed to the overall decrease in hepatitis B virus (HBV) rates since 1990?

Implementation of universal precautions and blood safety measures Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of viral hepatitis cases is estimated to go unreported?

60% to 90% Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of infectious hepatitis will patients experience jaundice and dark urine?

Phase 3: Icteric phase Signup and view all the answers

Which virus is responsible for causing Hepatitis A?

Hepatitis A virus Signup and view all the answers

How is Hepatitis A primarily transmitted?

Through the fecal-oral route Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of clinical hepatitis cases in the United States does the HAV account for?

20-25% Signup and view all the answers

What are some symptoms experienced during the preicteric or prodromal phase of infectious hepatitis?

Anorexia, nausea, and vomiting Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended for individuals traveling to developing countries with poor sanitation conditions and insufficient time to get the hepatitis A vaccine?

Pre-exposure prophylaxis Signup and view all the answers

What is an important aspect of treatment during the acute stage of hepatitis A?

Frequent small feedings Signup and view all the answers

How should the nurse assist the patient and family in managing hepatitis A?

By helping cope with temporary disability and fatigue Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary to stimulate appetite in a patient with hepatitis A who often has an aversion to food?

Gentle persistence and creativity Signup and view all the answers

When is management of hepatitis A usually done according to the text?

In the home unless symptoms are severe Signup and view all the answers