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Questions and Answers

How many PPB equals one PPM?

  • 1,000,000
  • 100
  • 10,000
  • 1000 (correct)

    • If the bubbler system air supply line at the wet well is clogged, what will this cause the pump to do?

    Run longer than necessary, possibly not kick off and run continually.

    If the bubbler system air supply line at the wet well has a hole in it above the water level, what will this cause the pump to do?

    Cause a low pressure reading showing a lower water level.

    What is the best way to keep within the operating budget?

    <p>Keep a list of purchases and expenses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a diaphragm pump has 2 check valves open, what will the pump do?

    <p>It would not pump properly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a suction lift pump typically read on the psi vacuum gauge?

    <p>2 in of mercury.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    One mg per L equals how many pounds per 1 MG?

    <p>8.34</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the proper way to put packing in a pump?

    <p>Cut the packing rope at a 45-degree angle and offset the joints.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many drips of water should you have coming out of a packing seal?

    <p>No drip on a mechanical seal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the efficiency range of most motors?

    <p>80-95%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A motor that has a 440 volt supply is usually what phase of power?

    <p>3 phase.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does NPDES stand for?

    <p>National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the regulatory agency document that controls pollutant discharges?

    <p>NPDES permit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the best way to promote safety in the workplace?

    <p>The supervisor needs to promote safety effectively.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is normally used to raise the pH in sludge?

    <p>Lime.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common device used to measure the effluent of a lagoon?

    <p>V notch weir.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What concentration of H2S is unsafe to humans?

    <p>0.2%.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum O2 concentration that is safe for workers to enter a manhole?

    <p>19.5%.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Normal air contains ______% of O2

    <p>20.93</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What knob is turned to control the usage of chlorine applied?

    <p>Rotameter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Can you store BOD at 4°C for 48 hours?

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum velocity of the water flow for a grit chamber?

    <p>1.0 feet per second minimum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many mg/L equals one grain per gallon?

    <p>17.1 mg/L.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Dissolved oxygen increases when the temperature __________.

    <p>decreases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    You can tell if a clarifier scraper arm is working by what means?

    <p>Visual check to see if the scum scraper arm is moving.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the sludge is thick or thin, what does this tell you about the sludge scraper?

    <p>Flights may be damaged or speed may need adjustment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for aging and maturing of a body of water?

    <p>Eutrophication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the effluent from a treatment facility contained 5mg/L of BOD, what effect would this have on the receiving stream?

    <p>Little effect.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If you are doing a test and add one drop of chemical at a time, what is this method called?

    <p>Titration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If doing a Winkler or azide method, and the contents of the bottle turn white after adding the first two chemicals, what does this mean?

    <p>No oxygen left in the bottle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How far from a well should a sewer main be?

    <p>300 feet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a connection between a potable water system and a nonpotable water supply called?

    <p>Cross connection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bacteria causes diseases?

    <p>Pathogenic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What diseases are considered to be waterborne?

    <p>Giardia, Cryptosporidium, Typhoid, Hepatitis, Cholera.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the 3 main components in fertilizer that are in sludge?

    <p>Nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the application of the various soil and plant sciences to soil management and crop production called?

    <p>Agronomy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the filter fecal test is run, what color would the fecal coliform show up as?

    <p>Blue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is another name for non-filterable solids?

    <p>Suspended solids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If you switch any lead on a three-phase motor, what is the result on the motor rotation?

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of plant involves steps: MLSS in aeration, MLSS no aeration, MLSS in aeration?

    <p>Step feed aeration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What part of a centrifugal pump is used to discharge water?

    <p>Volute.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major cause of bearing failure in a motor?

    <p>Improper lubrication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    One horsepower equals how many watts?

    <ol start="746"> <li></li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

    A piston pump is a ___________ displacement pump.

    <p>positive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Never operate it against a ________ discharge pump.

    <p>closed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The suction valve should be ____ when the pump is started.

    <p>open</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the BOD removal efficiency of a lagoon?

    <p>60-70%.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should you decant a digester?

    <p>To thicken biosolids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a form of the hydrologic cycle?

    <p>Absorption (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should you lubricate motors?

    <p>As recommended by the manufacturer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the addition of oxygen, removal of hydrogen, or the removal of electrons from an element or compound called?

    <p>Oxidation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In wastewater treatment, organic matter is ___________ to more ______ substances.

    <p>oxidized, stable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are bacteria that can either use dissolved molecular oxygen or oxygen obtained from food materials called?

    <p>Facultative bacteria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is neutral pH?

    <ol start="7"> <li></li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major problem with using UV disinfection?

    <p>High operational costs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is not able to be removed by a treatment plant?

    <p>Dissolved solids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A sudden change in _________ of 10-20 mg/L may indicate a problem developing in a pond.

    <p>Alkalinity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Waste material which comes mainly from animal or plant sources is called?

    <p>Organics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hydrogen sulfide gas is noticeable by what characteristics?

    <p>Rotten odor smell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum dissolved oxygen (DO) for fish to survive?

    <p>5 to 7 parts per million or mg/L.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What book do you use to do lab tests?

    <p>Standard methods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of riprap?

    <p>Preventing erosion and maintaining levees.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a plate put between two flanges with a hole in the middle used to measure the rate of air flow through the pipes called?

    <p>Orifice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is another name for total suspended solids?

    <p>Non-filterable solids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do you check for a chlorine leak?

    <p>Use a rag dipped in ammonia near possible leak points.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much heavier is chlorine compared to air?

    <p>2.5 times heavier.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the temperature of an incubator for running BOD tests?

    <p>20 degrees Celsius.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How often do you need to renew your license?

    <p>Every 3 years and 30 credit hours for renewal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Wastewater is what percentage of water?

    <p>99.9%.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an Imhoff cone used for?

    <p>To measure settleable solids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mandatory years for keeping records for NPDES?

    <p>5 years.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What regulates the rules of hauling sludge?

    <p>503 EPA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long does a primary clarifier require for detention time?

    <p>45 min-1.5 hours.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diameter of a manhole?

    <p>48 inches or greater.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended flow rate in feet per second on grit chambers?

    <p>1 ft per sec.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Two conditions required to be septic include?

    <p>pH below 7 and no DO.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How deep should lagoons be to allow sunlight to penetrate and produce algae?

    <p>3 feet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the required freeboard at the highest point of water?

    <p>2 feet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fire hydrant needs to be ___ or possibly ___ ft away from a lagoon?

    <p>200 or 300.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be posted on all four sides of a lagoon?

    <p>Sign.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the best chemical used to kill duckweed?

    <p>Copper sulfate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended size of rock for riprap?

    <p>4-6 inches in diameter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Wastewater Treatment Key Concepts

    • PPM and PPB Conversion: 1 PPM equals 1000 PPB.
    • Bubbler System Issues: Clogged air supply lines can cause pressure buildup, leading to pump malfunction; holes can cause false low pressure readings.
    • Budget Management: Maintain a record of purchases and regularly compare expenses against the budget to avoid overspending.

    Pump Operation and Maintenance

    • Diaphragm Pump Valves: Both check valves should not be open simultaneously to ensure proper functioning.
    • Suction Lift Pump Readings: An increase in mercury readings can indicate suction line restrictions.
    • Packing in Pumps: Packing rope should be cut at a 45-degree angle and staggered around the shaft.

    Safety and Health Standards

    • Chlorine Exposure: 0.2% H2S concentration can be fatal; safe O2 levels above 19.5% are required for manhole entry.
    • Waterborne Diseases: Diseases like Giardia, Typhoid, and Hepatitis are transmitted via contaminated water.

    Chemical and Biological Measurements

    • BOD Calculations: Removal efficiency in lagoons is typically 60-70%.
    • Fecal Coliform Reporting: Measured in MPN (Most Probable Number) or Colony Forming Units (CFU) per 100 mL.
    • pH Levels: Neutral pH is 7; below 7 indicates acidic conditions.

    Physical and Operational Standards

    • Sewer Distances: Maintain at least 300 feet from wells and 50 feet from water mains.
    • Grit Chamber Flow Rates: Recommended flow is 1.0 to 2.0 feet per second.
    • Record Keeping: NPDES records must be retained for a minimum of 5 years.

    Equipment and Efficiency

    • Amperage and Horsepower: A one horsepower motor runs on 746 watts; efficiency typically ranges from 80-95%.
    • Sludge Handling: Thickened sludge enhances economic feasibility for disposal.

    Environmental and Conservation Efforts

    • Eutrophication: Refers to the aging and maturation process in water bodies, often leading to nutrient over-enrichment.
    • Riprap Usage: Prevents erosion and maintains levees.

    Emergency and Operational Protocols

    • Chlorine Leak Detection: Use ammonia to check for leaks; a white gas indicates a leak present.
    • Signs and Accessories: Safety signs must be posted around lagoons.

    Algae and Organic Management

    • Algae Control: Chlorination and copper sulfate are effective chemicals for managing algae proliferation.
    • Organic Composition of Wastewater: Primarily consists of organic materials from animal and plant sources.

    Miscellaneous Standards

    • Laboratory Testing: Standard methods are the go-to for executing lab tests.
    • Breathing Apparatus Storage: Store in an unlocked, approved casing outside chlorination areas.

    General Knowledge

    • Hydrogen Sulfide Characteristics: Notable for its rotten odor; can impair smell senses at low concentrations.
    • Alkalinity Shifts: Sudden changes in alkalinity levels can signal potential issues in water bodies.

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