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L7

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of a case-control study?

To determine cause and effect relationships

To compare two groups with and without a specific outcome (correct)

To observe the natural progression of a disease

To study the prevalence of a disease in a population

Which type of research involves synthesizing already published research?

Secondary research (correct)

Primary research

Basic research

Clinical research

Which of the following is a key feature of case-control studies?

Cases and controls must be matched based on their disease status

Cases and controls must be similar except for their disease status (correct)

Cases and controls must have the same outcome

Cases and controls must have the same exposure histories

What is a potential disadvantage of case-control studies?

They can be affected by recall bias Signup and view all the answers

What is the design of a cohort study?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating the exposure odds ratio (OR) in a case-control study?

OR = ad/bc Signup and view all the answers

What does an odds ratio (OR) greater than 1 indicate in a case-control study?

Cases had greater odds of exposure than controls Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of matching in a case-control study?

To ensure that cases and controls have similar demographic characteristics Signup and view all the answers

What is the measure of association used in case-control studies?

Odds ratio Signup and view all the answers

Which type of study recruits participants based on a defining characteristic, such as birth or graduation, and performs a cross-section at intervals through time?

Longitudinal study Signup and view all the answers

In a cohort study, the study participants must be similar except for what?

Exposure status Signup and view all the answers

What is the aim/objective of a cohort study?

To compare rates of a new (incident) disease over time in people with and without a particular well-defined exposure Signup and view all the answers

What type of population is used in a longitudinal cohort study where all participants start the study at the same time and no additional participants are added after the study’s start date?

Fixed population Signup and view all the answers

L7