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Questions and Answers

What are the two main parts of a cell?

  • Cytoskeleton and Inclusions
  • Cell membrane and Ribosomes
  • Cytoplasm and Nucleus (correct)
  • Mitochondria and Golgi apparatus
  • Which of the following best describes the cytoplasm?

  • It is a solid structure with no fluidity.
  • It contains both living and non-living structures. (correct)
  • It is only responsible for cell division.
  • It is exclusively non-living components.
  • Which of the following is a characteristic of membranous organelles?

  • They include ribosomes.
  • They are covered by membranes. (correct)
  • They are uncovered by membranes.
  • They are not involved in vital functions.
  • What type of organelles include ribosomes and cytoskeleton?

    <p>Non-membranous organelles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the cytoplasm is considered metabolically inactive?

    <p>Inclusions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the mitochondrial organelle?

    <p>It provides energy for the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates inclusions from organelles in the cytoplasm?

    <p>Inclusions are non-living while organelles are living structures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a membranous organelle?

    <p>Ribosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What component primarily contributes to the selective permeability of the cell membrane?

    <p>Lipid bilayer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about the phospholipid molecules in the cell membrane is correct?

    <p>They have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic ends.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of cholesterol in the cell membrane?

    <p>It modulates membrane fluidity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What appearance does the cell membrane have when viewed under an electron microscope?

    <p>Trilaminar appearance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of protein is embedded within the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane?

    <p>Transmembrane proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which function is NOT associated with the transmembrane proteins in the cell membrane?

    <p>Providing structural support</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the hydrophilic heads of phospholipids in the cell membrane?

    <p>To interact with the surrounding aqueous environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the cell membrane be stained to visualize its components?

    <p>Using PAS stain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of mitochondria in a cell?

    <p>ATP production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures is found in the inner membrane of mitochondria?

    <p>Cristae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of respiratory enzymes found in the mitochondrial matrix?

    <p>Citric acid cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of inheritance pattern is observed for mitochondrial DNA?

    <p>Maternal inheritance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of mitochondria is responsible for synthesizing some of their proteins?

    <p>Mitochondrial ribosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of mutations in mitochondrial DNA?

    <p>Muscular dystrophy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do mitochondria regulate calcium ions in the cell?

    <p>By storing calcium granules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the outer membrane of mitochondria?

    <p>Smooth and porous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of oligosaccharide chains in the cell membrane?

    <p>Facilitating cell to cell adhesion and identification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of endocytosis involves the engulfing of solid particles?

    <p>Phagocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In receptor-mediated endocytosis, what protein is associated with the cytoplasmic side of receptors?

    <p>Clathrin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes exocytosis from endocytosis?

    <p>Exocytosis releases substances from inside to outside the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes pinocytosis?

    <p>Surrounding extracellular fluid to form vesicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main consequence of a non-functioning growth hormone (GH) receptor?

    <p>Normal GH levels but ineffective hormone action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves the fusion of intracellular vacuoles with lysosomes for content digestion?

    <p>Both B and C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the formation of a coated pit during receptor-mediated endocytosis?

    <p>Binding of specific ligands to integral proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

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