T2 L14: Gait: anatomy and physiology of walking (LRB)
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Questions and Answers

Which system(s) in the body are involved in walking?

  • Musculoskeletal system
  • Nervous system
  • Cardiovascular system
  • All of the above (correct)

    • What can disrupt the phases of gait?

  • Musculoskeletal conditions
  • Neurological conditions
  • Pain
  • All of the above (correct)

    • Which of the following is an example of a musculoskeletal condition that can affect gait?

  • Arthritis (correct)
  • Cerebral Palsy
  • Parkinson's
  • Peripheral neuropathy

    • Which system(s) can have an effect on our ability to walk?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the different phases of gait?

    <p>Initial contact, stance phase, swing phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system is responsible for proprioception in walking?

    <p>Nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a neurological condition that can affect gait?

    <p>Parkinson's</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main aim of learning about gait?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of gait?

    <p>The act of walking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of walking?

    <p>The act of walking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a compensatory mechanism for severe osteoarthritis (OA) in the knee?

    <p>Circumduction of the hip</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some possible effects of severe OA in the knee?

    <p>Decreased use of the affected knee</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a characteristic of gait analysis?

    <p>Smooth surfaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of gait assessment tools?

    <p>To assess walking pattern</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of severe OA in the knee?

    <p>Reduced step length in the same limb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential compensation for severe OA in the knee?

    <p>Increased step length in the same limb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main complaint of a 55-year-old lady with severe OA in her left knee?

    <p>Decreased use of the affected knee</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the patient video mentioned in the text?

    <p>To demonstrate gait changes in OA patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential effect of severe OA in the knee on muscle strength?

    <p>Decreased muscle strength in the quadriceps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'circumduction of the hip' refer to?

    <p>Swinging the leg out to the side during walking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the position of the knee during the loading response phase of gait?

    <p>Knee flexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle group contracts eccentrically to prevent foot slapping during the loading response phase of gait?

    <p>Ankle dorsiflexors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the position of the hip during the heel off phase of gait?

    <p>Hip extension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle group contracts concentrically to bring the knee into flexion during the toe off phase of gait?

    <p>Gastroc</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the position of the hip during the initial swing phase of gait?

    <p>Hip flexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle group contracts concentrically to keep the hip in flexion during the mid swing phase of gait?

    <p>Hip flexors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the position of the knee during the terminal swing phase of gait?

    <p>Knee extension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle group contracts eccentrically to control hip flexion during the terminal swing phase of gait?

    <p>Hip extensors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the position of the ankle during the terminal swing phase of gait?

    <p>Ankle dorsiflexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle group contracts concentrically to keep the foot off the ground during the terminal swing phase of gait?

    <p>Ankle dorsiflexors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of this session?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one key characteristic of walking?

    <p>It is similar to breathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can influence walking alignment?

    <p>Joint issues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential effect of severe osteoarthritis (OA) in the knee on muscle strength?

    <p>Decreased muscle strength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial phase of gait called?

    <p>Initial contact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of analyzing gait from the side view?

    <p>To analyze knee movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of gait covers about 60% of the entire gait cycle?

    <p>Stance phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the cyclic movement of the center of mass over the foot during walking?

    <p>Inverted pendulum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions can cause toe walking in children?

    <p>Autism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is responsible for dorsi flexing the foot during walking?

    <p>Tibialis anterior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common condition that affects the big toe?

    <p>Bunions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can happen over time if a bunion is not treated?

    <p>The joint becomes rigid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the position of the ankle during the terminal stance phase of gait?

    <p>Plantarflexed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle group contracts eccentrically to control the body weight during the loading response phase of gait?

    <p>Ankle plantarflexors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential cause of an early heel off during the terminal stance phase of gait?

    <p>Tight gastrocnemius</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the position of the knee during the mid swing phase of gait?

    <p>Extended</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of analyzing someone's gait?

    <p>To identify the main muscles that are working during gait</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the hip flexors during the initial contact phase of gait?

    <p>Flexing the hip</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential compensation for a muscle that is not working during gait?

    <p>Lifting the knee higher than normal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a potential cause of a muscle not working during gait?

    <p>Issues with the nerve innervation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of gait involves the leg being in the air and swinging?

    <p>Terminal swing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the compensation for severe osteoarthritis (OA) in the knee, where the patient uses their little toes to push forward?

    <p>Low gear propulsion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause issues if a patient has other underlying conditions?

    <p>Low gear propulsion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the bending of the foot during walking?

    <p>Circumduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main aim of learning about gait?

    <p>To improve walking ability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential effect of severe OA in the knee on muscle strength?

    <p>Muscle weakness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of gait?

    <p>The act of walking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between walking and running?

    <p>The speed at which it is done</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who can analyze someone's gait?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential cause of pain during walking in individuals with peripheral arterial disease?

    <p>Lack of blood supply to the lower limb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of gait?

    <p>The process of walking from one place to another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between walking and running?

    <p>The speed at which the movement is performed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who can analyze gait?

    <p>Anyone with basic knowledge and understanding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of breaking gait into different phases?

    <p>To analyze the specific movements and transitions during walking</p> Signup and view all the answers

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