1970s-1990s US Presidents and Events Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What was the name of the policy that Ronald Reagan utilized to try and end the Cold War?

  • Glasnost and Perestroika
  • Detente
  • The Reagan Doctrine (correct)
  • Reaganomics

The Camp David Accords ended the Cold War.

False (B)

Who was the leader of the Soviet Union during the 1980s who worked with Reagan to end the Cold War?

Mikhail Gorbachev

What was the name of the failed US Military operation attempting to rescue 52 American Hostages from the US Embassy in Tehran?

<p>Operation Eagle Claw (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Operation Desert Storm was the successful American-led assault in the First Gulf War that aimed to remove Iraqi forces from Kuwait.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the scandal that involved the Clintons being accused of misusing money through the Whitewater Development Corporation?

<p>Whitewater Scandal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which event is considered to be the symbolic end of the Cold War?

<p>The Fall of the Berlin Wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

Saddam Hussein was a dictator in Iraq who wanted to take over Kuwait and Iran, to gain ownership of oil and more land.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the agreement that was made to allow free trade between Canada, Mexico, and the United States?

<p>NAFTA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is the only president to ever resign?

<p>Richard Nixon</p> Signup and view all the answers

In 1999, a school shooting happened at Columbine high school, who were those who were killed?

<p>12 students and 1 teacher (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the 1971 secret document papers released to the public that showed the United States was not being truthful about the Vietnam War?

<p>Pentagon Papers</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Brady Bill passed in 1993, requiring a waiting period before a handgun could be purchased, and a background check.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Operation Just Cause was the name of the US invasion of Panama to capture Manuel Noriega.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In 1979, the Soviet Union invaded what country, leading President Carter to raise defense spending and boycott the 1980 Moscow Olympics?

<p>Afghanistan (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Helinski Accords were signed by the United States and the Soviet Union in 1975, and declared their commitment to détente, and to respecting each other's boundaries.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 requires employers to provide:

<p>Unpaid leave (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

On the 1984 presidential campaign, Ronald Reagan used what slogan to describe the country's recovery under his leadership?

<p>It's Morning Again in America</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Oslo Accords, hosted by President Clinton in 1993, aimed to establish peace between Israel and Pakistan.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Boland Amendment, passed in 1984, prohibited government agencies from providing military aid to the Contras in Nicaragua.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the scandal that involved Bill Clinton having an affair with Monica Lewinsky, and then lying about it under oath?

<p>Monica Lewinsky Scandal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which incident started the issue of gun control?

<p>Columbine School Shooting</p> Signup and view all the answers

The 1980s Arms Race involved increased defense spending by the US, who believed the Soviet Union couldn't keep up.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the Christian cult in Waco, TX led by David Koresh, which led to a standoff with the federal government, ending in a fire?

<p>Branch Davidians (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sandra Day O'Connor became the first woman to be appointed to the US Supreme Court in 1981.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The "Teflon President" was a nickname given to Ronald Reagan.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the secret group created by Nixon that broke into the Democratic National Committee headquarters to spy?

<p>The Plumbers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Watergate Hotel was the location of the Democratic National Committee headquarters that was broken into.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the Watergate scandal, what was the name given to the firing of prosecutor Archibald Cox, and the resignation of several cabinet members?

<p>Saturday Night Massacre</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a nickname for President Reagan?

<p>The Great Debater (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the two major reform movement's that Gorbachev implemented in Russia, aiming to restructure the Soviet system?

<p>Glasnost and Perestroika</p> Signup and view all the answers

President Carter's foreign policy was marked by a successful return of American hostages held in Iran.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Perjury, is the act of lying under oath.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Air Traffic Controller Strike of 1981 was a successful labor strike, ending in a major pay raise for the workers.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the name given to the recordings of Nixon's White House conversations that proved he was involved in the cover-up of the Watergate break-in.

<p>Nixon Tapes</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Velvet Revolution was a violent overthrow of communism in Czechoslovakia.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

After the Soviet Union withdrew from Afghanistan in 1989, the country continued to remain peaceful.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

After Poland elected a non-communist government, the collapse of other Eastern Bloc countries did not follow.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Detente

Relaxation of tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union.

Richard Nixon

The 37th President of the United States; is the only president to ever resign, known for the Watergate scandal and ending US involvement in the Vietnam War.

Gerald Ford

1974-1977, Republican, the first non-elected president and VP, he pardoned Nixon.

Jimmy Carter

39th President of the United States that is known for the Camp David Accords, Iranian Revolution/Oil Crisis, Iranian hostage crisis, and high inflation.

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Ronald Reagan

The 40th President of the United States; Known for "Reaganomics", assassination attempt, ending the cold war, and more.

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George H.W. Bush

The 41st President. Led the country during the Gulf War, and was able to quickly bring the war to a conclusion.

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Bill Clinton

42nd President of the United States that is known for trying to reform healthcare, NAFTA, Oslo Accords, Brady Bill, Family and Medical Leave Act, The scandals of his second term, and more.

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NAFTA

An agreement for free trade between the United States and Canada and Mexico

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Brady Bill

Law passed requiring a waiting period on sales of handguns, along with a criminal background check on the buyer.

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Family and Medical Leave Act

Requires employers to provide unpaid leave for pregnancy and family medical emergencies.

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Saddam Hussein

Was a dictator in Iraq who tried to take over Kuwait and Iran violently in order to gain the land and the oil supply

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Monica Lewinsky

White House intern that had an affair with Bill Clinton and they both lied about it.

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Operation Just Cause

US invaded Panama to capture Panama leader Noriega (found of drug charges)

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Operation Desert Storm

Assault by American-led multinational forces that quickly defeated Iraqi forces under Saddam Hussein in the First Gulf War, ending the Iraqi occupation of Kuwait.

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Perjury

Lying under oath.

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Troopergate Scandal

A scandal in which several Arkansas State Troopers claimed that Bill Clinton had them scout women for him.

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Whitewater Scandal

A scandal where the Clintons were accused of swindling money through the Whitewater Development Corporation.

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Persian Gulf War

Conflict between Iraq and a coalition of countries led by the U.S. to remove Iraqi forces from Kuwait which they have invaded in hopes of controlling the oil supply.

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Helinski Accords

The Soviet Union signed a commitment to obeying détente and respecting each other's boundaries.

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Camp David Accords

President Carter helped negotiate a Middle East peace agreement between Egypt and Israel.

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Oslo Accords

Clinton hosted a peace treaty signing between Palestine and Israel. It required Israel to give up territory on the West Bank and Gaza Strip.

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Reaganomics

The economic policies of US president Ronald Reagan, associated especially with the reduction of taxes to businesses. It helped revive the economy in the 1980's.

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John Hinckley Jr.

Failed assassin of Ronald Reagan. He was motivated by his delusional love for Jodi Foster's character in The Taxi Driver, he shot Reagan and James Brady

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Mikhail Gorbachev

Soviet leader of the 1980s who worked with Reagan to end the Cold War

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Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan

After the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan in December 1979, President Carter worried about the world's oil supply and placed an embargo on wheat shipments and technology to Russia, increased spending on defense, and boycotted the 1980 Olympics in Moscow.

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Iran Hostage Crisis

Revolutionaries invaded the American embassy in Iran, threatening to kill 52 hostages if the Shah was not returned to Iran to face trial for his actions. Carter rejected the demand, and they held 52 hostages for 444 days.

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Pentagon Papers

Secret documents, published by the New York Times in 1971, showed the blunders and deceptions that led the United States to the Vietnam War. Revealed the government misleading the people of its involvement in Vietnam, both about the intentions and the outcomes.

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The Plumbers

A secret group created by Nixon that broke into the democratic national headquarters to spy. They were caught and arrested.

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Watergate Hotel

The Democratic Party's headquarters that was broken into during the scandal.

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Operation Eagle Claw

A failed US Military operation attempting to rescue 52 American Hostages from the US Embassy in Tehran.

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Saturday Night Massacre

The firing of prosecutor Archibald Cox and the resignation of several cabinet members during the Watergate scandal.

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Study Notes

1970s-1990s US Presidents and Events

  • Detente: A period of reduced tension between the US and the Soviet Union.
  • Richard Nixon (1969-1974): 37th President, resigned due to the Watergate scandal, ended US involvement in the Vietnam War.
  • Gerald Ford (1974-1977): First unelected US President, pardoned Nixon.
  • Jimmy Carter (1977-1981): 39th President, known for the Camp David Accords, Iranian Revolution/Oil Crisis, Iranian hostage crisis, and high inflation.
  • Ronald Reagan (1981-1989): 40th President, "Reaganomics" (economic policies), assassination attempt, ending the Cold War.
  • George H.W. Bush (1989-1993): 41st President, led the country during the Gulf War.
  • Bill Clinton (1993-2001): 42nd President, healthcare reform attempts, NAFTA, Oslo Accords, Brady Bill, Family and Medical Leave Act, scandals
  • NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement): Agreement for free trade between the US, Canada, and Mexico.
  • Brady Bill (1993): Law requiring a waiting period and background checks for handgun purchases.
  • Family and Medical Leave Act (1993): Employers provide unpaid leave for family and medical emergencies.
  • Saddam Hussein: Iraqi dictator, invaded Kuwait in the First Gulf War.
  • Monica Lewinsky: White House intern involved in an affair with Bill Clinton.
  • Operation Just Cause (1989): US invasion of Panama to capture Manuel Noriega.
  • Operation Desert Storm (1991): Coalition forces led by the US defeated Iraq in the First Gulf War.
  • Perjury: Lying under oath.
  • Troopergate Scandal: Allegations against Bill Clinton involving Arkansas State Troopers.
  • Whitewater Scandal: Allegations of financial wrongdoing involving the Clintons.
  • Persian Gulf War (1991): Conflict between Iraq and a coalition led by the US to remove Iraqi forces from Kuwait.
  • Helsinki Accords: Agreement between the Soviet Union and the US to respect each other's boundaries.
  • Camp David Accords (1978): Carter negotiated peace between Egypt and Israel.
  • Oslo Accords (1993): Peace treaty between Palestine and Israel, facilitated by Clinton.
  • Reaganomics: Economic policies of President Reagan, emphasizing tax cuts for businesses.
  • John Hinkley Jr.: Failed assassin of Ronald Reagan.
  • Mikhail Gorbachev: Soviet leader who worked with Reagan to end the Cold War with his Glasnost and Perestroika policies.
  • Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan (1979): Soviet intervention in Afghanistan, leading to US responses and international tensions.
  • Iran Hostage Crisis (1979): Revolutionaries held American hostages in Tehran for 444 days.
  • Pentagon Papers (1971): Leaked documents revealing government deception about the Vietnam War.
  • The Plumbers: Secret group created by Nixon to engage in illegal activities.
  • Watergate Hotel: Location of the Democratic National Committee headquarters broken into during the Watergate scandal.
  • Operation Eagle Claw: Failed US attempt to rescue US hostages held in Iran.
  • Saturday Night Massacre: Firing of Archibald Cox and resignations of cabinet members during the Watergate scandal.
  • Nixon Tapes: Recordings of Nixon's conversations that revealed a cover-up of Watergate.
  • Glasnost and Perestroika: Soviet reforms under Gorbachev aimed at openness and economic restructuring.
  • Velvet Revolution (1989): Peaceful overthrow of communism in Czechoslovakia.
  • Fall of the Berlin Wall (1989): Symbol of the end of the Cold War.
  • Collapse of the Soviet Union (1991): Dissolution of the Soviet Union.
  • 1980s Arms Race: Increased defense spending by the US and the Soviet Union.
  • Sandra Day O'Connor (1981): First woman appointed to the US Supreme Court.
  • OKC Bombing (1995): Bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Building in Oklahoma City.
  • Branch Davidians Incident: Standoff between federal authorities and a religious group in Waco, TX.
  • Ronald Reagan nicknames: "The Great Communicator," "Teflon President."
  • Reagan Doctrine (1985): US support for anti-communist groups in various countries.
  • "It's Morning Again in America": Reagan's campaign slogan.
  • Boland Amendment 1984: Prohibited US military aid to the Contras.
  • Manuel Noriega: Overthrown Panama leader, convicted of drug trafficking.
  • Air Traffic Controller Strike (1981): Striking air traffic controllers were fired, contributing to significant delays and difficulties in air travel.
  • Paula Jones: Lawsuit against Bill Clinton related to sexual harassment allegations.
  • Columbine School Shooting (1999): School shooting that sparked further debate about gun control.

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