1940s Scientific Innovations Quiz

<p>The Aqualung (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It marked the start of modern computing. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The dialysis machine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nuclear bomb (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It allowed meals to be prepared quicker and easier. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He noticed a chocolate bar melting near radar waves. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To generate microwaves for heating food. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They helped produce penicillin in large quantities for medical use. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By breaking down the cell walls of bacteria. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They enable faster cooking times compared to traditional methods. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High cost and limited availability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cathode ray tube (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They use liquid crystals and light-emitting diodes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Incorporation of color in sets and costumes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Performing complex calculations quickly (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Two symbols (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reliance on punched cards for programming (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>I Love Lucy and The Ed Sullivan Show (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Electron gun (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A standard and common item (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Calculating artillery firing tables for military (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Kay McNulty and her team of women (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>5,000 calculations per second (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The aqualung (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Limited breathing time underwater (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can perform calculations for various tasks. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Opened new possibilities in marine biology (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It took longer to complete than expected. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1945 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It was destroyed in an air raid. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide a treatment option for kidney failure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dr. Willem Kolff (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It filtered blood outside the body and returned it to the patient (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To detect enemy aircraft and ships (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It uses radio waves that bounce off objects (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Preventing mid-air collisions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plastic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Television broadcasting (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It delayed the development of effective dialysis treatments (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The introduction of artificial kidney machines for regular hospital use (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A television system capable of displaying images in color.

Many important inventions emerged during this decade transforming the world.

Early TVs displayed only black and white images.

An American inventor who presented the first color television system.

Early computers marking the start of modern computing.

Device that revolutionized underwater exploration.

Technology enhancing military strategies and air travel safety.

Medical discovery that fight infection, saving lives.

The first color television, approved by the FCC in 1946, was a major advancement in home entertainment.

Early color TVs in the 1940s were expensive, costing over $1000, making them inaccessible to many.

A key component of early color televisions that uses electrons to create images on the screen.

Red, green, and blue, combined to create all the colors on a CRT color TV screen.

A system that uses 0 and 1 to represent data in computers. It's fundamental to digital data.

An early programmable digital computer, created in 1941, that used binary and punched cards.

Konrad Zuse, a German engineer who invented the Z3.

The system that employs only two states (0 and 1) to represent information, critical for computer operation.

Modern types of TVs that utilize liquid crystals and LEDs instead of CRTs, offering better efficiency and a wider range of colors.

The introduction of color TV greatly enhanced the entertainment experience and became widely adopted in later decades.

A condition where kidneys stop filtering waste and excess fluids from the blood, leading to serious health issues.

A medical device that mimics healthy kidney function by filtering waste and excess fluids from the blood.

The inventor of the first successful kidney dialysis machine in 1943.

A radar system sends radio waves that bounce off objects, and the time it takes for the waves to return determines the object's distance.

Radar was used in WWII to detect enemy planes, ships, and submarines, helping defend against attacks.

Radar helps monitor airplane locations in the sky and on the ground, preventing collisions and ensuring safe air travel.

Meteorologists use radar to track storms and precipitation, predicting severe weather conditions.

Ships use radar to avoid obstacles, such as other vessels and landmasses, improving safety and efficiency.

The invention of the aqualung inspired more people to scuba dive, increasing awareness of ocean beauty and leading to greater conservation efforts.

Percy Spencer, an engineer working on radar technology, accidentally discovered that microwaves could heat food. In the 1940s, he invented the first microwave oven, revolutionizing food heating.

A magnetron generates microwaves that bounce around inside the oven, penetrating food and causing water molecules to vibrate. This vibration creates heat, cooking the food from the inside out quickly.

Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928. However, it was Howard Florey and Ernst Boris Chain who developed it into a usable medicine, leading to its successful use in treating infections during World War II.

Penicillin works by breaking down the cell walls of bacteria, preventing them from growing and surviving. This allows the body's immune system to effectively fight the infection.

Antibiotics like penicillin revolutionized medicine by effectively treating bacterial infections. This led to a significant decrease in deaths from diseases like pneumonia and strep throat.

An early programmable computer developed by Konrad Zuse in 1941, designed to perform calculations using electromechanical relays. It was one of the first computers to use binary arithmetic and was destroyed during World War II.

The Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer, completed in 1945, was a massive computer designed to calculate ballistics tables for the U.S. Army. It was revolutionary for its speed and paved the way for future computer development.

Electronic devices used in early computers like ENIAC, allowing for rapid switching and amplification of electronic signals. They were eventually replaced by transistors, which were smaller and more efficient.

People, often women, who were employed to perform complex mathematical calculations by hand before the advent of computers. These calculations were frequently used for military purposes.

Another name for the Aqualung, a diving device allowing divers to breathe underwater independently.

A device used in SCUBA gear that controls the flow of air from the tank, reducing the high pressure to a safe level for breathing.

The study of marine organisms, their habitats, and interactions within ocean ecosystems. The Aqualung greatly enhanced the field by allowing scientists to observe and research underwater environments more effectively.

The scientific study of the oceans, including their physical, chemical, and biological characteristics. The Aqualung revolutionized this field by enabling deeper and more extensive exploration.