Gr 11 History Term Test 1
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Questions and Answers

What event sparked the 1905 Revolution in Russia?

  • Assassination of Tsar Nicholas II
  • October Manifesto
  • Russo-Japanese War
  • Bloody Sunday (correct)

What was a major consequence of rapid industrialization in Russia?

  • Poor working conditions in cities (correct)
  • Increased wealth of peasants
  • Improved working conditions in cities
  • Development of the agricultural sector

What was the outcome of the 1905 Revolution?

  • The Russo-Japanese War ended with a Russian victory
  • The Russian monarchy was abolished
  • Tsar Nicholas II was overthrown
  • A constitution was established and a parliament (Duma) was formed (correct)

What was a social cause of discontent that fueled the revolution?

<p>Increased inequality between rich and poor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main reason for the failure of the 1905 Revolution to overthrow the Tsar?

<p>Real power remained with the Tsar (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What event triggered the February Revolution?

<p>Acute food shortages and dissatisfaction with the war (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of Russia's involvement in World War I?

<p>It led to widespread hardship and social unrest (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main trigger for the February 1917 Revolution?

<p>Severe food shortages and general discontent with the war effort (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the February Revolution?

<p>Tsar Nicholas II was forced to abdicate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the October Revolution?

<p>A planned event by the Bolsheviks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the October 1917 Revolution?

<p>The Bolsheviks seized power and established a communist state (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the February 1917 Revolution?

<p>The Provisional Government was established (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a consequence of the Provisional Government's inability to meet the demands of the populace?

<p>A power vacuum was created, which the Bolsheviks exploited (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a political cause of the February and October Revolutions of 1917?

<p>Autocratic rule and political repression (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Russian Civil War fought between?

<p>The Red Army and the White Army (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was an economic cause of the February and October Revolutions of 1917?

<p>The impact of World War I on the Russian economy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key factor in the Red Army's success?

<p>The role of the Cheka (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a cause of the Russian Civil War?

<p>The Bolsheviks' withdrawal from World War I (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of Lenin's April Theses?

<p>It galvanized Lenin's supporters to prepare for a second revolution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Russian Civil War?

<p>The Red Army emerged victorious (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main occupation of the majority of Russia's population in the 19th century?

<p>Peasants (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of Tsar Alexander II's emancipation of serfs in 1861?

<p>A mobility that contributed to urban industrial growth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main factor that led to the growth of an urban proletariat in Russia?

<p>Rapid industrialization in the late 19th and early 20th centuries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the division between those who believed in a gradual approach to socialism and those who supported a more revolutionary approach?

<p>The split between the Mensheviks and the Bolsheviks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main impact of industrialization on the Russian population?

<p>The growth of an urban proletariat and a rise in dissatisfaction due to harsh working conditions and low wages (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the theoretical foundation for revolutionary thought in Russia?

<p>The Marxist ideology (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main issue that led to the dissatisfaction among the urban proletariat in Russia?

<p>Harsh working conditions and low wages (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When did the split between the Mensheviks and the Bolsheviks occur?

<p>1903 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of the Immigration Act of 1924?

<p>To severely limit immigration from southern and eastern Europe and Asia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the adoption of mass production techniques on consumer goods?

<p>It made consumer goods more accessible to the masses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary cause of the stock market crash of 1929?

<p>Speculation and overvalued stocks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the credit structure in the 1920s?

<p>It contributed to the stock market crash (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Wall Street Crash of 1929 on banks?

<p>Banks failed due to unpaid loans (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the immediate consequence of the Wall Street Crash of 1929?

<p>The economy spiraled into the Great Depression (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of the First Five-Year Plan in the Soviet Union?

<p>Targeting massive increases in heavy industry (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of business closures and unemployment?

<p>It led to widespread economic hardship (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Great Purge on the Red Army?

<p>It weakened the military by removing experienced leaders (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterized the early 20th-century American capitalism?

<p>Rapid industrial growth and significant labor changes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the New Deal?

<p>To strengthen capitalism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was established in 1917 to coordinate war efforts?

<p>The War Industries Board (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the reduction in production and prices?

<p>It further harmed the economy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the approach to business during the 1920s in the USA?

<p>Laissez-faire approach with minimal government involvement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason for the shift in political sentiment in 1932?

<p>The government's inadequate response to the crisis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contributed to the growth of labor unions in the 1920s?

<p>Improved working conditions and higher wages (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the focus of the Third Five-Year Plan in the Soviet Union?

<p>Improving consumer goods production (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the NKVD during the Great Purge?

<p>It arrested, held show trials, and executed perceived enemies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the 1920s economic boom in the USA?

<p>Massive expansion in American industry (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the sentiment behind the 1920s immigration policies in the USA?

<p>Nativist sentiment and isolationism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of War Communism during the Civil War?

<p>To consolidate power and meet the demands of war through radical economic measures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the key features of War Communism?

<p>Food requisitioning from peasants (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Kronstadt Rebellion in 1921?

<p>The rebellion was crushed, but it indicated deep-seated dissatisfaction with Bolshevik methods (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Stalin's interpretation of Marxism-Leninism?

<p>Socialism in one country, focusing on internal development (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of Stalin's economic reorganization?

<p>Transforming the Soviet Union into a self-sufficient industrial superpower (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of collectivization under Stalin's rule?

<p>To consolidate individual landholdings and labor into collective farms and state farms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of collectivization under Stalin's rule?

<p>A devastating famine in Ukraine (1932-1933) and widespread resistance from peasants (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the focus of Stalin's Five-Year Plans?

<p>Rapid industrial growth, emphasizing heavy industries like steel, coal, and machinery (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the first Five-Year Plan (1928-1932)?

<p>Ambitious production targets were partially met, at the cost of considerable human suffering (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What replaced War Communism in 1921?

<p>The New Economic Policy (NEP) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What marked a significant shift from the policies of Herbert Hoover?

<p>Roosevelt's approach to economic recovery (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main focus of the First New Deal?

<p>Immediate relief for the needy, economic recovery, and financial reforms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)?

<p>To provide jobs through public works projects (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Social Security Act of 1935?

<p>It established a system of old-age benefits and unemployment insurance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a weakening aspect of the New Deal?

<p>Increased government control (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the New Deal on ending the Great Depression?

<p>Its impact on ending the Great Depression is debated (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What ultimately lifted the U.S. fully out of the Great Depression?

<p>The economic mobilization of World War II (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the legacy of the New Deal?

<p>It led to significant changes in American society and governance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key factor in the economic recovery of the United States during World War II?

<p>Increased industrial production and government spending (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Second New Deal?

<p>It introduced more comprehensive reforms in social security, labor relations, and housing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main reason for the increase in industrial production in the United States during World War II?

<p>The anticipation of war and the need to produce war materials (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the war effort on employment in the United States?

<p>It created millions of jobs and drastically reduced unemployment rates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the government's increased spending during World War II?

<p>An injection of capital that stimulated economic activity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the initial purpose of the Neutrality Acts?

<p>To keep the United States out of foreign wars (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Cash and Carry Policy?

<p>A policy that allowed trade with belligerent nations as long as they paid cash and transported goods on their own ships (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the transformative impact of World War II on the U.S. economy?

<p>It effectively ended the Great Depression and revitalized industries (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the long-term benefits of the war-related research and development during World War II?

<p>The advancement of technological boundaries, leading to innovations with peacetime applications (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the war effort on women's roles in the workforce?

<p>They took on roles traditionally held by men, who were now overseas (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary cause of the growth of an urban proletariat in Russia during the late 19th and early 20th centuries?

<p>Rapid industrialization and urbanization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main consequence of the emancipation of serfs in 1861?

<p>A mobility that contributed to urban industrial growth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the theoretical foundation for revolutionary thought in Russia?

<p>Karl Marx's theories (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary issue that led to dissatisfaction among the urban proletariat in Russia?

<p>Harsh working conditions and low wages (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the division between the Mensheviks and the Bolsheviks in 1903?

<p>The crystallization of different factions within the Russian socialist movement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main occupation of the majority of Russia's population in the 19th century?

<p>Peasants (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary impact of rapid industrialization on the Russian population?

<p>A growth in dissatisfaction among the urban proletariat (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the spread of Marxist ideas in Russia?

<p>A resonance with the increasingly restive urban workers and some intellectuals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of War Communism during the Russian Civil War?

<p>To consolidate power and meet the demands of war through radical economic measures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Kronstadt Rebellion in 1921?

<p>It indicated deep-seated dissatisfaction with Bolshevik methods (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main feature of Stalin's interpretation of Marxism-Leninism?

<p>Focus on consolidating power and developing the Soviet economy independently (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary objective of collectivization?

<p>To modernize agriculture and increase food production (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main focus of the Five-Year Plans under Stalin?

<p>Rapid industrial growth, emphasizing heavy industries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the implementation of collectivization?

<p>Widespread famine and millions of deaths (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the replacement of the New Economic Policy (NEP) with state control over industry?

<p>It moved away from capitalist tendencies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main goal of Stalin's economic reorganization?

<p>To transform the Soviet Union into a self-sufficient industrial superpower (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a consequence of the implementation of War Communism?

<p>Severe damage to the Russian economy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the economic and social challenges under War Communism?

<p>The replacement of War Communism with the New Economic Policy (NEP) in 1921 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of the Immigration Act of 1924?

<p>To limit immigration from southern and eastern Europe and Asia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the major consequence of the adoption of mass production techniques?

<p>Reduced costs and made consumer goods more accessible to the masses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary cause of the stock market crash of 1929?

<p>Rampant speculation and overvalued stocks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the immediate consequence of the Wall Street Crash of 1929?

<p>The Great Depression (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of the New Deal?

<p>To restore economic stability and provide relief to the population (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the credit structure in the 1920s?

<p>It contributed to the stock market crash of 1929 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of business closures and unemployment?

<p>Increased economic hardship and drastically reduced consumer spending (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterized early 20th-century American capitalism?

<p>Restrictive immigration policies and isolationist tendencies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the approach to business during the 1920s in the USA?

<p>Laissez-faire economics and minimal government oversight (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the reduction in production and prices?

<p>Decreased revenues for businesses and further economic downturn (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main consequence of Russia's rapid industrialization?

<p>The growth of social disparities and poor working conditions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary cause of the February Revolution?

<p>Acute food shortages and general dissatisfaction with the war (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the February Revolution?

<p>The abdication of Tsar Nicholas II and the formation of the Provisional Government (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main factor that contributed to the Bolsheviks' success in the October Revolution?

<p>The inability of the Provisional Government to meet the demands of the populace (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of the Cheka during the Russian Civil War?

<p>To suppress opposition through terror and executions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main reason for the opposition to the Bolsheviks' policies?

<p>Their harsh methods and the dissolution of the Constituent Assembly (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Russian Civil War?

<p>The victory of the Red Army and the consolidation of Bolshevik power (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of War Communism during the Russian Civil War?

<p>To nationalize key industries and allocate resources (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Bolsheviks' withdrawal from World War I?

<p>It displeased many, especially within the military (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main characteristic of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War?

<p>It was well-organized and disciplined (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the First Five-Year Plan in the Soviet Union?

<p>To target massive increases in heavy industry (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Great Purge on the Soviet military?

<p>It resulted in a weakening of the military (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason for the growth of labor unions in the 1920s in the USA?

<p>Improved working conditions and wages (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the focus of the Second Five-Year Plan in the Soviet Union?

<p>To continue emphasis on heavy industry and improve quality and efficiency (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the War Industries Board in the USA during WWI?

<p>It coordinated the production of war materials and set priorities in industrial production (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary characteristic of the USA's economic policies during the 1920s?

<p>A return to a laissez-faire approach (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Third Five-Year Plan on the Soviet economy?

<p>It was disrupted by WWII, shifting focus to military production (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of the NKVD during the Great Purge?

<p>It carried out arrests, show trials, and executions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary cause of the rolling back of labor protections in the 1920s in the USA?

<p>The pro-capitalist ethos of the era (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the sentiment behind the 1920s immigration policies in the USA?

<p>A growing nativist sentiment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main outcome of the 1905 Revolution in Russia?

<p>The creation of a parliament (Duma) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of Father Georgii Gapon in the 1905 Revolution?

<p>He led the Bloody Sunday protest (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of Russia's involvement in World War I on the Russian economy?

<p>It resulted in severe food shortages and economic disruptions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the slogan that galvanized the Bolsheviks in the October 1917 Revolution?

<p>Peace, Land, and Bread (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the autocratic rule and political repression in Russia?

<p>It led to widespread dissatisfaction among various societal groups (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of Grigori Rasputin on the Russian monarchy?

<p>He undermined the credibility of the monarchy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Bolsheviks' seizure of power in October 1917?

<p>The establishment of a communist state and withdrawal from WWI (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the failure of the Duma on the Russian monarchy?

<p>It further destabilized the nation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of Lenin's April Theses in the October 1917 Revolution?

<p>It galvanized supporters of Lenin to prepare for a second revolution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Provisional Government's inability to meet the demands of the populace?

<p>It further destabilized the nation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of the First New Deal?

<p>Providing immediate relief for the needy and economic recovery (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the New Deal on capitalism?

<p>It strengthened the regulatory framework and created a safety net (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the New Deal in terms of ending the Great Depression?

<p>It was ultimately the economic mobilization of World War II that lifted the US out of the Depression (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the legacy of the New Deal?

<p>It laid the groundwork for modern welfare states and shaped future economic policies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason for the economic recovery of the US during World War II?

<p>Increased industrial production and government spending (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the New Deal on the role of the federal government in the economy?

<p>It expanded the role of the federal government in the economy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) and the Works Progress Administration (WPA)?

<p>To provide millions of jobs through public works projects (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the New Deal on the economy?

<p>It helped the US recover from the Great Depression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Second New Deal?

<p>It introduced more comprehensive reforms in social security and labor relations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the criticism of the New Deal by some business leaders?

<p>It imposed excessive regulations and high taxes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason for the increased industrial production in the United States during World War II?

<p>The anticipation of war and the need for military production (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the war effort on the US employment rate?

<p>Unemployment rates decreased drastically (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the federal government's increased spending during World War II?

<p>A massive injection of capital into the economy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of the Cash and Carry Policy?

<p>To allow trade with belligerent nations while remaining neutral (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the economic mobilization for war in the United States?

<p>The Great Depression ended (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant technological advancement resulting from World War II?

<p>The discovery of radar and jet engines (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the war effort on women in the workforce?

<p>Women took on new roles traditionally held by men (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was NOT a factor contributing to the Russian Civil War?

<p>Desire to reinstate the Romanov dynasty (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary consequence of the Provisional Government's inability to meet the demands of the populace?

<p>The power vacuum that facilitated the Bolshevik takeover (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following groups was NOT involved in the Russian Civil War?

<p>Green Army (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary role of the Cheka during the Russian Civil War?

<p>To suppress opposition through terror and executions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a major factor contributing to the discontent among urban workers and peasants?

<p>Rapid industrialization and urbanization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key geographical factor that contributed to the Bolsheviks' success in the Civil War?

<p>Control of central areas, including Petrograd and Moscow (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the February Revolution?

<p>The abdication of Tsar Nicholas II (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a major consequence of the Russian withdrawal from World War I?

<p>Discontent among military veterans and active service members (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of War Communism during the Russian Civil War?

<p>To consolidate power and meet the demands of war through radical economic measures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key factor in the Red Army's success during the Civil War?

<p>The leadership of Leon Trotsky (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the collectivization program introduced by Stalin?

<p>The devastating famine in Ukraine (1932-1933) resulting in millions of deaths (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of War Communism during the Civil War?

<p>To manage and control the economy through central planning (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of Stalin's Five-Year Plans?

<p>To focus on rapid industrial growth, emphasizing heavy industries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Kronstadt Rebellion in 1921?

<p>It indicated deep-seated dissatisfaction with Bolshevik methods (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of Stalin's interpretation of Marxism-Leninism?

<p>Consolidating power and developing the Soviet economy independently (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of War Communism on the Russian economy?

<p>The Russian economy was severely damaged, with industrial output plummeting and agricultural production being insufficient (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of Lenin's introduction of the New Economic Policy (NEP) in 1921?

<p>To revitalize the economy by reintroducing private enterprise elements (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of Stalin's economic reorganization?

<p>Mechanizing agriculture to increase productivity and support industrialization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the introduction of the NEP in 1921?

<p>The economy was revitalized, and private enterprise elements were introduced (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of Stalin's collectivization program?

<p>To modernize agriculture and accumulate capital (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary cause of the rapid growth of the urban proletariat in Russia during the late 19th and early 20th centuries?

<p>The rapid industrialization and urbanization of Russia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary ideological influence on the Russian socialist movement?

<p>The theories of Karl Marx (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary consequence of the emancipation of serfs in 1861?

<p>The growth of an urban proletariat due to increased mobility (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary factor that contributed to the dissatisfaction among the urban proletariat in Russia?

<p>The harsh working conditions and low wages in urban industries (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary outcome of the division between the Mensheviks and the Bolsheviks?

<p>The split into separate socialist parties (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary social structure of Russia in the 19th century?

<p>An autocratic empire with a strict Tsarist regime (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary consequence of rapid industrialization in Russia?

<p>The growth of an urban proletariat and a rise in dissatisfaction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary theoretical foundation for revolutionary thought in Russia?

<p>The theories of Karl Marx (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the First New Deal?

<p>To provide immediate relief for the needy, economic recovery, and financial reforms to prevent future depressions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the New Deal programs and legislation?

<p>The New Deal helped the United States recover from the Great Depression, but its impact on ending it is debated (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant shift marked by Roosevelt's approach?

<p>A shift towards a mixed economy where government and private enterprise play roles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key aspect of the Emergency Banking Relief Act of 1933?

<p>Stabilizing the banking system by closing insolvent banks and reorganizing the banking sector (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a weakening aspect of the New Deal?

<p>The expansion of federal government's role in the economy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key factor that drove the economic recovery of the United States during World War II?

<p>Increased industrial production and government spending (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Social Security Act of 1935?

<p>It established a system of old-age benefits and unemployment insurance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a strengthening aspect of the New Deal?

<p>The creation of a safety net and regulatory frameworks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the New Deal on American society and governance?

<p>It laid the groundwork for modern welfare states and shaped future economic policies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason for the dissatisfaction among the urban proletariat in Russia?

<p>The lack of access to credit and high unemployment rates (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of the Second Five-Year Plan in the Soviet Union?

<p>Continuing emphasis on heavy industry while improving quality and efficiency (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main consequence of the Soviet Union's rapid industrialization during the 1920s and 1930s?

<p>A worsening of labor relations and a decline in worker welfare (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Great Purge in the Soviet Union during the late 1930s?

<p>The weakening of the Red Army and a decline in military effectiveness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the War Industries Board established in 1917 in the United States?

<p>Coordinating the production of war materials and setting priorities in industrial production (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the economic boom of the 1920s in the United States?

<p>A massive expansion in American industry, facilitated by technological advancements (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the sentiment behind the 1920s immigration policies in the United States?

<p>A growing nativist sentiment and a desire to restrict immigration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary role of the NKVD during the Great Purge in the Soviet Union?

<p>Carrying out arrests, show trials, and executions of perceived enemies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Third Five-Year Plan in the Soviet Union?

<p>A disruption in plans due to World War II, leading to a focus on military production (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main consequence of the 1920s economic boom in the United States?

<p>A growing inequality between the rich and the poor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the economic policies promoted by Presidents Warren Harding and Calvin Coolidge in the 1920s?

<p>Reducing government involvement in business and favoring a return to normalcy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a major consequence of the United States' preparation for war?

<p>A decrease in unemployment rates (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a result of the Cash and Carry Policy?

<p>Exports increased and the U.S. economy benefited (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a transformative impact of World War II on the U.S. economy?

<p>The U.S. became a war economy and the Great Depression ended (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a result of the government's massive spending during World War II?

<p>Federal spending stimulated economic activity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a technological advancement that resulted from World War II?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a role that women took on during World War II?

<p>Traditionally male-oriented jobs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of the U.S. government's policy during the early years of World War II?

<p>Remaining neutral and isolationist (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a long-term impact of World War II on the U.S. economy?

<p>The war mobilization brought a sustained period of economic growth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary consequence of the uneven distribution of wealth during the 1920s?

<p>The stagnation of real wages and an overreliance on credit (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was a key factor in the rise of advertising and consumer spending during the 1920s?

<p>The introduction of mass production techniques (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary consequence of the Wall Street Crash of 1929 on the banking system?

<p>The failure of over 650 banks and the collapse of around 4,000 more by 1933 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of the New Deal introduced by Franklin D. Roosevelt?

<p>To provide relief to the suffering population and restore economic stability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary consequence of the reduction in production and prices during the Great Depression?

<p>A decrease in revenues for businesses, leading to further economic harm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason for the shift in political sentiment in 1932?

<p>The initial governmental response under President Hoover was seen as inadequate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary consequence of the credit structure in the 1920s?

<p>Investors were unable to repay loans, leading to bankruptcies and further financial strain on banks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary consequence of the Immigration Act of 1924?

<p>The severe limitation of immigration from southern and eastern Europe and Asia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary consequence of business closures and unemployment during the Great Depression?

<p>Widespread economic hardship and drastically reduced consumer spending and investment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary consequence of the lack of regulations in the stock market during the 1920s?

<p>The operation of speculative excess and risky investment practices (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary consequence of the Tsar's decision to dissolve the Duma multiple times?

<p>The erosion of trust in the ruling class and further destabilization of the nation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary cause of the severe food shortages and general discontent with the war effort in Petrograd (St. Petersburg) in 1917?

<p>The economic and social stresses exacerbated by World War I (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of Lenin's April Theses in 1917?

<p>To galvanize his supporters to prepare for a second revolution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary consequence of the October Revolution of 1917?

<p>The withdrawal of Russia from World War I (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason for the failure of the Provisional Government under Alexander Kerensky in 1917?

<p>Its inability to address key issues like land reform and continued participation in WWI (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary consequence of the autocratic rule and political repression during the reign of Tsar Nicholas II?

<p>The erosion of trust in the ruling class and widespread dissatisfaction among various societal groups (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary consequence of the influence of Grigori Rasputin in royal affairs during World War I?

<p>The erosion of trust in the monarchy and the downfall of the Tsarist regime (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary cause of the widespread strikes, uprisings, and mutinies in 1905?

<p>The Bloody Sunday massacre (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary consequence of the economic and social stresses exacerbated by World War I on Russian society?

<p>The severe food shortages and general discontent with the war effort (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the Bolsheviks' slogan 'Peace, Land, and Bread'?

<p>To capitalize on the general dissatisfaction with the war effort and the Provisional Government (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which event was the immediate trigger for the February 1917 Revolution?

<p>Severe food shortages and general discontent with the war effort (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the consequences of the 1905 Revolution?

<p>The promise of a constitution and the establishment of a parliament (Duma) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a major political cause of the February and October Revolutions of 1917?

<p>The failure of the Duma and the Provisional Government (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key factor that contributed to the discontent among workers and peasants in Russia?

<p>The government's inability to manage food supplies (A), Rapid industrialization leading to poor working conditions (B), The lack of land reforms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the February Revolution?

<p>The end of centuries of Romanov rule (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a major economic consequence of Russia's involvement in World War I?

<p>Severe shortages of food and essential goods (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main slogan of the Bolsheviks led by Lenin in 1917?

<p>Peace, Land, and Bread (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key factor that contributed to the Bolsheviks' takeover in the October Revolution?

<p>The Provisional Government's inability to meet the demands of the populace (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key feature of the Civil War in Russia?

<p>The opposition to the Bolsheviks from various social groups (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary role of the Cheka during the Civil War?

<p>To suppress opposition through terror and executions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the First Five-Year Plan in the Soviet Union?

<p>Targeted massive increases in heavy industry (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the 1920s economic boom in the USA?

<p>Rapid industrial growth and infrastructure development (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the Great Purge on the Red Army?

<p>Weakened the Red Army's leadership and initial ability to respond effectively (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the focus of the Second Five-Year Plan in the Soviet Union?

<p>Continued emphasis on heavy industry while attempting to improve quality and efficiency (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary sentiment behind the 1920s immigration policies in the USA?

<p>Reflecting a growing nativist sentiment and tightening immigration restrictions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main consequence of the emancipation of serfs in 1861?

<p>It allowed for the mobility of peasants and contributed to urban industrial growth. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary catalyst for the growth of an urban proletariat in Russia?

<p>Rapid industrialization in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of Marxist ideas in Russia?

<p>They provided a theoretical foundation for revolutionary thought. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the division between the Mensheviks and the Bolsheviks?

<p>A split into different factions within the Russian socialist movement. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main social class that made up the majority of Russia's population in the 19th century?

<p>Peasants. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the First New Deal (1933-1935)?

<p>Focus on immediate relief for the needy, economic recovery, and financial reforms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the New Deal on capitalism?

<p>It strengthened the rights of labor unions and created a more sustainable economic environment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the New Deal's economic and social programs?

<p>The New Deal's programs helped the United States recover from the Great Depression, but its impact is debated (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the legacy of the New Deal?

<p>It led to significant changes in American society and governance, laying the groundwork for modern welfare states (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary factor that contributed to the economic recovery of the United States during World War II?

<p>Increased industrial production and government spending (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of Stalin's policy of 'Socialism in One Country'?

<p>To consolidate power and develop the Soviet Union's economy independently of global revolutionary movements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main consequence of collectivization in Ukraine?

<p>A widespread famine, resulting in millions of deaths (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the focus of Stalin's Five-Year Plans?

<p>Rapid industrial growth, emphasizing heavy industries like steel, coal, and machinery (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason for the replacement of War Communism with the New Economic Policy (NEP) in 1921?

<p>The economic and social challenges under War Communism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of the forced requisitioning of grain from peasants during War Communism?

<p>Widespread resentment and reduced agricultural output (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a major factor contributing to the stock market crash of 1929?

<p>Lack of regulation in the stock market (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant societal impact of the Great Depression?

<p>Decline in living standards (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary role of advertising in the 1920s?

<p>Encouraging consumer spending (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Wall Street Crash of 1929?

<p>The onset of the Great Depression (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the New Deal?

<p>A series of reforms to restore economic stability and provide relief (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a major factor that contributed to the increased industrial production in the United States during World War II?

<p>The anticipation of war and the subsequent ramp-up in military production (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant impact of the war effort on the United States labor market?

<p>The creation of millions of jobs and a drastic reduction in unemployment rates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the Cash and Carry Policy during World War II?

<p>To allow trade with belligerent nations as long as they paid cash and transported goods on their own ships (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant outcome of the economic mobilization for war in the United States?

<p>The effective end of the Great Depression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant technological advancement that resulted from war-related research and development?

<p>The creation of the atomic energy sector (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary outcome of the increased industrial production in the United States during World War II?

<p>A significant reduction in unemployment rates (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the war-related research and development on the U.S. economy?

<p>It pushed technological boundaries, leading to innovations with peacetime applications (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason for the increase in federal spending during World War II?

<p>To fund massive projects like the construction of new factories and infrastructure improvements (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the 'Cash and Carry Policy' during World War II?

<p>It allowed trade with belligerent nations as long as they paid cash and transported goods on their own ships (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the transformative impact of the war effort on the U.S. economy?

<p>It effectively ended the Great Depression in the United States (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of women in the workforce during World War II?

<p>They took on roles traditionally held by men, who were now overseas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the figure of 'Rosie the Riveter' during World War II?

<p>She epitomized the role of women in the war effort (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the massive government-funded projects during World War II?

<p>A stimulation of economic activity across various sectors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of the war effort on industries that had suffered during the Depression?

<p>They found new life in producing military vehicles, weaponry, and other logistics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of the U.S. economy during World War II?

<p>Producing war materials and military logistics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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