1914-1945 Historical Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What was Wilson's plan for post-war Europe?

  • Open seas
  • Self-determination
  • League of Nations
  • All of the above (correct)

    • What did the 18th Amendment, also known as Prohibition, aim to address?

    Alcoholism

    What was 'The Jazz Singer' known for?

    First feature-length talkie

    What was the purpose of the Hawley-Smoot Tariff?

    <p>Protect farmers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happened to Japanese-American families during WWII?

    <p>They were imprisoned in camps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Servicemen's Readjustment Act (GI Bill) provide?

    <p>Funds for education for WWII veterans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main objective of the Social Security Administration?

    <p>Provide unemployment insurance and support for the needy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Zimmermann Telegram propose?

    <p>Unrestricted submarine warfare against the U.S.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Benito Mussolini?

    <p>Fascist Italian dictator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the Manhattan Project?

    <p>Development of the atomic bomb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of the case of Sacco and Vanzetti?

    <p>Executed for robbery and murder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Atlantic Charter outline?

    <p>Foundation for the United Nations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Treaty of Versailles accomplish?

    <p>Ended WWI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Adolf Hitler?

    <p>Leader of Nazi Germany</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was established by the Tripartite Pact?

    <p>Alliance between Japan, Germany, and Italy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the New Deal?

    <p>Economic policies to aid the unemployed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the Civilian Conservation Corps?

    <p>Government work program for youth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of the Russo-Japanese War?

    <p>Japan defeated Russia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Works Progress Administration focus on?

    <p>Public works and employment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Federal Reserve Act create?

    <p>Federal Reserve System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Franklin Delano Roosevelt?

    <p>32nd President of the U.S.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Warren G. Harding's presidency known for?

    <p>Corruption and scandals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the Agricultural Adjustment Act intended to do?

    <p>Pay farmers to reduce production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of the Lend-Lease Act?

    <p>Provide military support to Allies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event did the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire lead to?

    <p>Increased workplace safety regulations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the Cold War?

    <p>Tension between the U.S. and USSR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Henry Cabot Lodge?

    <p>Opposed the Treaty of Versailles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was General Douglas MacArthur's role during WWII?

    <p>Key General in the Pacific Theater</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Fair Labor Standards Act?

    <p>Regulated wages and hours of work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Hideki Tojo?

    <p>Prime Minister of Japan during WWII</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Clayton Antitrust Act aim to do?

    <p>Control monopolies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the National Industry Recovery Act designed for?

    <p>Help businesses and boost employment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the National Origins Act restrict?

    <p>Immigration from Southern and Eastern Europe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Wagner Act protect?

    <p>Rights of workers to unionize</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were U-Boats primarily used for?

    <p>Naval warfare and blockades</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of Schenck v. United States?

    <p>Established 'clear and present danger' test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was F. Scott Fitzgerald?

    <p>American novelist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand trigger?

    <p>Start of World War I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Court Packing?

    <p>FDR's plan to add justices to the Supreme Court</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Post-War Plans and Treaties

    • Wilson's 14 Points aimed for lasting peace in post-war Europe, emphasizing open seas, self-determination, and the League of Nations, but ultimately failed due to lack of U.S. participation in the League.
    • The Treaty of Versailles established peace in 1919, officially ending the war between Germany and the Allies.

    Economic and Social Policies

    • The 18th Amendment initiated Prohibition, driven by concerns around alcoholism, but faced backlash from immigrant communities who viewed it as discriminatory.
    • The New Deal (1933-1938), led by FDR, aimed to revive the economy during the Great Depression through various economic policies and relief programs.
    • The Agricultural Adjustment Act (1936) attempted to stabilize farm prices by paying farmers not to cultivate land, later revised due to negative employment impacts.

    Cultural Shifts and Movements

    • The Jazz Singer, released in 1927, marked the transition to "talkies," affecting the silent film industry and featuring a Jewish immigrant's journey in a racially insensitive portrayal.
    • The Harlem Renaissance was a cultural movement that sought to assert the identities of African Americans and promote civil rights through literature and art.

    War and Conflict

    • Japanese-American internment during WWII involved the detention of families in camps, driven by espionage fears, leading to significant financial loss and rights violations.
    • The Manhattan Project developed the atomic bomb from 1942 to 1946, transitioning to control under the Atomic Energy Commission in 1947.
    • The Lend-Lease Act permitted the U.S. to lend military equipment to allied nations during WWII without direct involvement in the conflict.

    Key Figures and Events

    • Adolf Hitler, as the leader of Nazi Germany, aimed for Aryan supremacy and global domination, leading to widespread destruction and genocide during WWII.
    • Benito Mussolini, Italy's fascist dictator, aligned with Hitler and played a significant role in shaping fascist ideology.
    • The Munich Agreement of 1938 allowed Hitler to annex parts of Czechoslovakia, aimed at appeasing Germany and preventing further conflict.

    Civil Rights and Labor

    • The Fair Labor Standards Act (1938) aimed to regulate minimum wage and working hours across industries, enhancing worker rights and protections.
    • The House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) emerged in 1938 to investigate communist influences in the U.S., resulting in many unjust blacklists.

    Historical Trials and Incidents

    • The Sacco and Vanzetti case involved two Italian immigrants executed in 1927, symbolizing the era's political bias and intolerance.
    • The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire (1911) highlighted workplace safety issues and galvanized labor reform efforts.

    Military Strategies and Agreements

    • The top-secret Zimmermann Telegram hinted at German plans for unrestricted submarine warfare against the U.S., intensifying tensions before U.S. entry into WWI.
    • The U-Boats utilized by Germany represented a strategic force used to disrupt allied shipping during both World Wars.

    Economic Legislation and Regulation

    • The Federal Reserve Act established a central banking system to supervise monetary policy and stabilize the economy.
    • The Clayton Antitrust Act reinforced anti-monopoly laws by protecting labor rights, exempting unions from antitrust prosecution.

    Key Conferences and Decisions

    • The Yalta Conference (1945) involved leaders Churchill, Roosevelt, and Stalin discussing postwar Europe and the establishment of the United Nations.
    • The Washington Naval Conference (1921-1922) sought disarmament and peace in the Pacific following WWI, excluding the Soviet Union from talks.

    Social Changes and Movements

    • The Good Neighbor Policy (1932) aimed to strengthen diplomatic ties with Latin America, promoting mutual defense in the Western Hemisphere.
    • Flappers of the 1920s exemplified the era's cultural shifts, reflecting newfound freedoms and social independence among women.

    Critical Supreme Court Cases

    • Schenck v. United States established the "clear and present danger" standard concerning First Amendment rights during wartime.
    • United States v. Butler (1936) deemed the Agricultural Adjustment Act unconstitutional, limiting federal powers over agricultural policy.

    Legacy of Leadership

    • Franklin Delano Roosevelt (1933-1949) led the U.S. through the Great Depression and WWII, implementing transformative social and economic policies.
    • Henry Cabot Lodge was a leading critic of the Treaty of Versailles, advocating for American sovereignty in postwar decision-making.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of key events and concepts from 1914 to 1945 with these informative flashcards. From Wilson's post-war plans to the impact of Prohibition, this quiz covers significant historical milestones and cultural shifts. Perfect for students and history buffs alike!

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