18 Questions
What was one of the reasons women found it easier to go on pilgrimages during this period?
The bakufu and daimyo loosened restrictions on travel.
Where did many women go on pilgrimage to in the first half of the eighteenth century?
Mt. Fuji.
What did the oshi of Yoshida request in 1740?
To loosen the requirements for female pilgrims' travel documents.
Why did women devise ways to bypass barriers?
To visit famous temples and shrines.
What did the oshi of Yoshida begin to do for female believers?
Pay special attention to female believers.
What was the result of the changes in restrictions on travel?
More women and men went on pilgrimages.
What was a significant factor in the popularity of the northern route for Mt. Fuji pilgrims?
The route's accessibility to women
Why did some groups wish to descend the mountain along a different route from the one they used for the ascent?
To ensure the female members of the party could join them
What was the outcome for climbing routes that were open only to men?
They experienced a drop in the overall number of pilgrims
What change in policy did the religionists of Murayama, ?miya, and Subashiri make by the sixth month of 1860?
They allowed women to climb up to the third or fourth stage
What was the initial restriction on female pilgrims on certain climbing routes?
They were not allowed to climb beyond the entrance point
What can be inferred about the role of women in Mt. Fuji pilgrimages before the policy change?
Women were restricted from participating in pilgrimages
What was a major obstacle for female pilgrims during the Tokugawa period?
Barriers and checkpoints along the main highways
What document did female travelers need to obtain from their lord to pass through the barriers?
A document issued by the lord of their home domain
Why did the bakufu restrict the movement of women during the Tokugawa period?
To maintain social order and control
Which of the following highways was notorious for being especially strict with women?
Hakone Itti
Where did female pilgrims traveling to Mt. Fuji from Edo and the eastern provinces have to go through?
Both A and B
What changed substantially during the mid- and late Tokugawa period?
The circumstances surrounding travel
Quiz about the restrictions on women's travel in 17th century Japan, including the role of the bakufu, daimyo domains, and village officials.
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