14th Century Historical Events Quiz

The 14th Century: A Time of Significant Changes

• The Black Death, a pandemic that devastated Europe, killed approximately 25 million people.
• The 14th century saw the rise of chivalry and the emergence of separate identities in Europe, particularly in England and France.

Empires and Leaders

• The Timurid Empire, led by Tamerlane, was a powerful force in Asia, marked by numerous wars and significant loss of life.
• The Mali Empire, under the rule of Mansa Musa I, was a wealthy and influential empire, with Mansa Musa I considered one of the richest people in the world.

Climate and War

• The Little Ice Age, a period of cooling, had a far-reaching impact on global climate patterns.
• The Hundred Years' War, a prolonged conflict between France and England, lasted from 1337 to 1437 and ended with France emerging victorious.
• The Peasants' Revolt, a significant uprising in England in 1381, was driven by the consequences of the Black Death and high taxes.

Scholars and Mathematicians

Nicole Oresme

• A renowned scholastic philosopher and economist who contributed significantly to the development of modern mathematics and science.
• Translated Aristotle's works, including Ethics, Politics, and On the Heavens, from Latin to French.
• Made key contributions to mathematics through his Tractatus de configurationibus qualitatum et motuum.
• First to prove the harmonic series, use graphical analysis, and apply infinitesimal analysis.

Albert of Saxony

• A German philosopher and mathematician known for his contributions to logic and physics.
• Developed the "Theory of Impetus," an auxiliary theory of Aristotelian dynamics, to explain projectile motion.
• Wrote the "Treatise on Proportions," which influenced the application of the theory of proportions to motion.

Immanuel Bonfils

• A French-Jewish mathematician and astronomer who pioneered exponential calculus.
• Credited with inventing the system of decimal fractions.
• Employed decimal notation for integers, fractions, and both positive and negative exponents.

Paolo Dagomari Di Prato

• A 14th-century Florentine mathematician and astronomer.
• Master of the abbaco, a medieval system of calculation combining arithmetic, geometry, and algebra.
• Contributed to the development of mathematics and astronomy through his treatises on geometry and astronomy.

Non-European Mathematicians

Narayana Pandit

• A significant Indian mathematician who lived between 1340 and 1400.
• Known for his contributions to Sanskrit mathematics, particularly in the field of combinatorics.
• Authored the "Ganita Kaumudi" in 1356, a treatise on mathematical operations.
• Developed a method for systematic generation of all permutations of a given sequence.

Qadi Zada al-Rumi

• A 14th-century Turkish astronomer and mathematician.
• Born in Bursa, Ottoman Empire, in 1364 and died in Samarkand, Timurid Empire in 1436.
• Worked at the observatory in Samarkand and studied geometry and astronomy with al-Fanari.