11+ Maths: Numbers and Operations

11+ Maths Topics

• Prime Factors: A prime factor is a prime number that divides a given number exactly without leaving a remainder. It's essential to find prime factors to solve various maths problems.

• Highest Common Factors (HCF): The HCF, also known as the Greatest Common Divisor (GCD), is the largest number that divides two or more numbers exactly without leaving a remainder.

• Lowest Common Multiple (LCM): The LCM is the smallest number that is a common multiple of two or more numbers.

• Square Numbers: A square number is the result of multiplying a number by itself. For example, 4 is a square number because it's 2 multiplied by 2.

• Cubed Numbers: A cubed number is the result of multiplying a number by itself three times. For example, 8 is a cubed number because it's 2 multiplied by 2 multiplied by 2.

• Square Roots: A square root of a number is a value that, when multiplied by itself, gives the original number. For example, the square root of 16 is 4, because 4 multiplied by 4 equals 16.

11+ Maths Revision

Prime Factors

• A prime factor is a prime number that divides a given number exactly without leaving a remainder
• Prime factors are used to find the highest common factor (HCF) and lowest common multiple (LCM) of two or more numbers

Highest Common Factors (HCF)

• The highest common factor is the largest number that divides two or more numbers exactly without leaving a remainder
• HCF is also known as the greatest common divisor (GCD)
• HCF is used to simplify fractions and find the common denominator

Lowest Common Multiple (LCM)

• The lowest common multiple is the smallest number that is a multiple of two or more numbers
• LCM is used to add or subtract fractions with different denominators
• LCM is also used to find the least common multiple of two or more numbers

Square Numbers

• A square number is the result of multiplying a number by itself (e.g., 2^2 = 4, 3^2 = 9)
• Square numbers are also known as perfect squares
• Square numbers have an odd number of factors

Cubed Numbers

• A cubed number is the result of multiplying a number by itself three times (e.g., 2^3 = 8, 3^3 = 27)
• Cubed numbers are also known as perfect cubes
• Cubed numbers have an odd number of factors

Square Roots

• A square root of a number is a value that, when multiplied by itself, gives the original number
• Square roots are denoted by the symbol √
• Square roots can be simplified by removing square factors