10th Board Exam Science 1
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Questions and Answers

What is one property of magnets?

  • Have only one pole
  • Attract and repel (correct)
  • Absorb light
  • Conduct heat well
  • Which type of heat transfer involves the movement of fluids?

  • Radiation
  • Convection (correct)
  • Insulation
  • Conduction
  • In which atomic model were electrons described as existing in fixed orbits around the nucleus?

  • Quantum Model
  • Bohr Model (correct)
  • Thomson Model
  • Rutherford Model
  • What definition best describes latent heat?

    <p>Heat required to change the state of matter (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about ionic bonding is correct?

    <p>It involves the transfer of electrons (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic is essential to define a mixture?

    <p>Can be physically separated (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the basic principles of biology?

    <p>Cells can arise spontaneously (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In ecology, what is the term for the relationships between organisms in an ecosystem?

    <p>Symbiosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes Newton's third law of motion?

    <p>For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the universal gravitational constant in gravitational calculations?

    <p>It is essential for calculating gravitational force between two masses. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of mirror is commonly used in vehicles to give drivers a wider field of view?

    <p>Convex mirror (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of electricity, what does Ohm's law state?

    <p>Current is directly proportional to voltage and inversely proportional to resistance. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What phenomenon describes the splitting of white light into its component colors?

    <p>Dispersion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which equation represents the kinetic energy of an object?

    <p>$KE = \frac{1}{2}mv^2$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which force is responsible for keeping planets in their orbits around the sun?

    <p>Gravitational force (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect when a current passes through a conductor?

    <p>It causes a magnetic field around the conductor. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Newton's Law of Gravitation

    Describes the force of attraction between any two objects with mass, proportional to their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

    Universal Gravitational Constant

    A constant used in calculations involving gravitational force, representing the strength of gravitational interaction.

    Circular Motion

    Motion along a curved path caused by a force directed towards the center of the circle.

    Conservation of Energy

    The law stating that the total energy in an isolated system remains constant, although it can be transformed from one form to another.

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    Centripetal Force

    The force that pushes an object towards the center of a circle during circular motion.

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    Dispersion of Light

    The splitting of white light into its component colors (violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange, red) when it passes through a prism or a raindrop due to different refractive indices.

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    Ohm's Law

    Describes the relationship between current (I), voltage (V), and resistance (R) in a circuit.

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    Resistance

    The property of a material that opposes the flow of electric current through it.

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    What are the properties of magnets?

    Magnets have two poles, north and south. Like poles repel each other, while unlike poles attract.

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    What is heat?

    Heat is a form of energy that flows from a hotter object to a colder object.

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    How does heat affect materials?

    Materials expand when heated and contract when cooled. Different materials expand and contract at different rates.

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    What are the different ways heat can transfer?

    Conduction is heat transfer through direct contact. Convection is heat transfer through the movement of fluids. Radiation is heat transfer through electromagnetic waves.

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    What is the structure of an atom?

    Atoms are the basic building blocks of matter. They consist of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

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    What is radioactivity?

    Radioactivity is the spontaneous decay of unstable atomic nuclei, releasing energy and particles.

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    What are the main types of chemical bonds?

    Ionic bonding occurs between oppositely charged ions due to electrostatic attraction. Covalent bonding involves sharing electrons between atoms.

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    What is the fundamental unit of life?

    All living things are composed of cells, which are the basic unit of life. Cells perform various functions necessary for life, like metabolism, reproduction, and response to stimuli.

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    Study Notes

    Introduction to 10th Board Exam Science 1

    • This section outlines key topics in 10th-grade science, focusing on core exam material.
    • It's a study aid, not a complete list of all potential exam questions.
    • Mastering underlying principles is crucial for success.

    Physical World

    • Fundamental forces in Nature: Gravitational, electromagnetic, strong, and weak nuclear forces—their characteristics.
    • Motion in a Straight line: Speed, velocity, acceleration, equations of motion.
    • Motion in a Plane: Projectile motion in two dimensions, with horizontal and vertical components.
    • Laws of motion: Newton's three laws, their applications, and examples.
    • Work, Energy, and Power: Work, kinetic energy, potential energy, power, conservation of energy, and their relationships.
    • Circular Motion: Centripetal force, angular velocity.

    Gravitation

    • Newton's Law of Gravitation: The law, its derivation, and applications, including Kepler's laws.
    • Universal Gravitational Constant and its Importance: Crucial role in calculations.
    • Gravity at different heights and depths: Implications discussed.
    • Orbital motion: Centripetal force in orbital motion.

    Light

    • Reflection and Refraction: Laws, examples, specular and diffuse reflection.
    • Mirrors: Plane, concave, and convex mirrors, applications, ray tracing, image formation, magnification.
    • Lenses: Convex and concave lenses, image formation, applications (e.g., telescopes, microscopes).
    • Dispersion of light: White light splitting into colors due to varying refractive indices.

    Electricity

    • Static Electricity: Charge phenomena, Coulomb's law.
    • Current Electricity: Current, voltage, resistance, Ohm's law, practical applications, circuit diagrams.
    • Heating effect of current: Explanation and applications.
    • Magnetic effects of current: Relationship between electricity and magnetism.
    • Electromagnetism: Electricity and magnetism's connections in generators and motors.

    Magnetism

    • Properties of magnets: Poles, attraction, repulsion.

    Heat

    • Thermal expansion: Different materials' expansion/contraction with temperature changes.
    • Heat Transfer: Conduction, convection, and radiation, practical examples.
    • Specific heat capacity: Explanation, calculation methods, and applications.
    • Heat calculations: Specific heat and latent heat calculations.

    Modern Physics

    • Atomic Structure: Thomson, Rutherford, and Bohr models, fundamental particles (protons, neutrons, electrons).
    • Nuclear Physics: Radioactivity and basic concepts.

    Chemistry

    • Matter and its Nature: States of matter, classifying matter, elements, compounds, and mixtures.
    • Atomic structure and properties: Atom characteristics, isotopes, and their significance.
    • Chemical Bonding: Ionic and covalent bonding, types of bonding.

    Biology

    • The Living World: Life diversity, classification, cell structure/function details.
    • Basic Principles of Biology: All life from cells, all cells from pre-existing cells, etc.
    • Cell Biology: Fundamental unit, plant/animal cell types, functions.
    • Reproduction: Plant and animal reproduction mechanisms.
    • Heredity and Evolution: Inheritance principles, variation, evolution mechanisms.
    • Ecology: Ecosystems, relationships between organisms.

    General Notes for all Units

    • Key Terms: Understand each topic's definitions and concepts.
    • Numerical Problems: Practice solving and checking numerical problems.
    • Diagrammatic Explanations: Understand visual representations.
    • Applications and Examples: Apply concepts in practical situations.
    • Practical Work: Understand and remember practical experiment procedures and results.
    • Revision: Regularly review all material before the exam.

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    Description

    Prepare for the 10th Board Exam in Science with this quiz focusing on essential topics. It covers fundamental forces, motion, laws of motion, work, energy, and power. Understanding these core concepts is vital for success in the exam.

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