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Questions and Answers

Describe Magento's module-based architecture.

Magento is built using a modular structure, with different modules responsible for various functionalities. These modules can interact with each other, potentially leading to side effects.

What are the pros and cons of EAV architecture?

EAV architecture uses separate tables for attributes, entities, and values, which can improve flexibility and scalability. However, it can make querying and joining data more complex.

Describe how to locate different types of files in Magento. Where are the files containing JavaScript, HTML, and PHP located? How do you find the files responsible for certain functionality?

Magento follows a structured directory structure. For instance, JavaScript files are typically located in pub/static/frontend, HTML templates in view/frontend/templates, and PHP files in app/code. To find files responsible for specific functionalities, you can use editors with search functionality or use the Magento command line interface (CLI) to find files based on keywords or regular expressions.

Describe how to extend existing entities. What mechanisms are available to extend existing classes, for example by adding a new attribute, a new field in the database, or a new related entity?

<p>You can extend existing entities in Magento by using various mechanisms like creating custom modules, implementing plugins, or utilizing the EAV model. For creating new fields in the database, you can write setup scripts that define the modifications to the database schema.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe how to use configuration files in Magento. Which configuration files correspond to different features and functionality?

<p>Magento uses configuration files in XML format, located in the app/etc directory. These files are used to define settings, preferences, and other configurations for various features. For example, the <code>env.php</code> file is responsible for environment-specific settings like database connection credentials.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do you debug your layout.xml files and verify that the right layout instructions are used?

<p>You can debug your <code>layout.xml</code> files by using Magento's built-in debugging tools, such as the <code>bin/magento dev:template:rewrite</code> command. This command will generate HTML output based on the current layout configuration. However, you can also use the browser's developer tools to inspect the generated HTML and examine the layout structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe how to add a new system configuration option? What is the difference in this process for different option types (secret, file)?

<p>To add a new system configuration option in Magento, you need to define it in the <code>system.xml</code> file. You can specify the type of the option, such as text, textarea, select, or file. For secret values, you must use <code>system.xml</code> specifically in the <code>system.xml</code> file to ensure secure storage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe how to customize the process of adding a product to the cart. Which different scenarios should you take into account?

<p>You can customize the cart adding process in Magento by utilizing various events and observers that are triggered when adding a product to the cart. For example, you can use the <code>checkout_cart_product_add_after</code> event to modify the added products' price or quantity. The specific scenarios you need to consider include customizing the behavior of the checkout cart based on product types, implementing custom validation rules, or modifying the cart's visual presentation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Magento 2 Certified Professional Developer Exam Study Guide

  • Exam Focus: Validates skills and knowledge for customizing Magento 2, covering UI modifications, database changes, admin modifications, checkout process, order management integrations, and catalog structure/functionality changes. Targeted at Magento 2.2.x Open Source version.
  • Exam Format: Primarily scenario-based multiple-choice questions.
  • Key Exam Topics (and Percentage):
    • Magento Architecture & Customization Techniques (18%)
    • Request Flow Processing (12%)
    • Customizing the Magento UI (10%)
    • Working with Databases in Magento (7%)
    • Using the Entity-Attribute-Value (EAV) Model (8%)
    • Developing with Adminhtml (10%)
    • Customizing the Catalog (12%)
    • Customizing the Checkout Process (13%)
    • Sales Operations (5%)
    • Customer Management (5%)

Topics and Objectives

  • Magento Architecture and Customization Techniques (1.1-1.6):
    • Module-based architecture, limitations, and interactions
    • Directory structure and file locations for different functionalities (JavaScript, HTML, PHP). -Configuration XML and variable scope
    • Dependency injection
    • Plugins
    • Event observers, scheduled jobs, and CLI usage.
    • Cache management
  • Request Flow Processing (2.1-2.4):
    • Modes (developer, production, default), their implications, and maintenance mode.
    • URL processing in Magento: modes, application initialization, URL structure, URL rewrite process (user-friendly URLs, custom URL structures), actions controllers and results. Request routing (custom routes, 404 pages).
    • Front Controller responsibilities
    • Layout initialization process (layout.xml, HTML rendering, customizations, debugging).
  • Customizing the Magento UI (3.1-3.4):
    • Theme usage and template structure
    • Template fallback process (debugging)
    • Block architecture and its use in development
    • Layout XML schema, directives, and variable passing
    • JavaScript components and modules in Magento
  • Working with Databases (4.1-4.2):
    • Repositories, data API classes, managing objects from the database, and SearchCriteria.
    • Creating and registering new entities, adding tables to databases, existing entity extension.
    • Database abstractions, layers, and exceptions
    • Install and upgrade scripts.
  • EAV Model Concepts (5.1-5.3):
    • Understanding the EAV hierarchy
    • EAV entity load and save; Flat table load and save comparisons
    • Attribute Management
  • Developing with Adminhtml (6.1-6.4):
    • Adminhtml and frontend architecture differences and additional tools.
    • Defining forms and grid widgets
    • System configuration XML and configuration scope; retrieval and programmatic access
    • Using ACL to set menu items and permissions.
  • Customizing the Catalog (7.1-7.4):
    • Identifying standard product types (simple, configurable, bundle)
    • Understanding and customizing price generation and rendering
    • Category structure and management.
    • Catalog price rules and their impact (performance).
  • Customizing the Checkout Process (8.1-8.4):
    • Implementing shopping cart rules, limitations of rules, and different product behavior in carts.
    • Using quote, quote items, cart rules, address, and cart rendering.
    • Handling custom totals and price calculations in shopping carts.
  • Sales Operations (9.1):
    • Customizing sales order processes and integrations.
    • Modifying invoices
    • Custom refund functionality implementation.
  • Customer Management (10.1-10.2):
    • Customizing My Account features
    • Customizing customer functionality.
    • Customer attributes, extension attributes, and customer management functions.
    • Magento VAT functionality.

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